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revision 1.12 by wakaba, Mon Oct 22 10:38:19 2007 UTC revision 1.17 by wakaba, Mon Oct 22 11:33:15 2007 UTC
# Line 128  document are to be interpreted as descri Line 128  document are to be interpreted as descri
128  2119</a>  2119</a>
129  <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>  <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>
130    
131    <p>Requirements phrased in the imperative as part of algorithms are to be
132    interpreted with the meaning of the key word (<em class=rfc2119>MUST</em>)
133    used in introducing the algorithm.</p>
134    
135    <p>Conformance requirements phrased as algorithms or specific steps
136    <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be implemented in any manner, so long as the end
137    result is equivalent.</p>
138    
139  <!-- Strictly speaking the paragraph below is not part of terminology. -->  <!-- Strictly speaking the paragraph below is not part of terminology. -->
140  <p>All examples and notes in this specification are non$B!>(Bnormative,  <p>All examples and notes in this specification are non$B!>(Bnormative,
141  as are all sections explicitly marked non$B!>(Bnormative.  Everything  as are all sections explicitly marked non$B!>(Bnormative.  Everything
# Line 140  simple selector in a selector.</p> Line 148  simple selector in a selector.</p>
148  </div>  </div>
149    
150  <div class="section" id="serializing">  <div class="section" id="serializing">
151  <h2>Serializing in  <h2>Serializing Selectors in
152  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
153  Representation</h2>  Representation</h2>
154    
155    <p>Subsections of this section define algorithms
156    to <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">serialize a simple
157    selector</a> or <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">serialize
158    a group of selectors</a>.</p>
159    
160  <div class="issue ed">  <div class="issue ed">
161  <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/*checkout*/markup/html/whatpm/Whatpm/CSS/SelectorsSerializer.pm">See the reference implementation</a>  <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/*checkout*/markup/html/whatpm/Whatpm/CSS/SelectorsSerializer.pm">See
162  for now.</p>  also the reference implementation</a> for now.</p>
163  </div>  </div>
164    
 <div class=section id=serializing-groups-of-selectors>  
 <h3>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h3>  
   
 <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  
 representation is defined for an invalid group of selectors.</p>  
   
165  <div class="note memo">  <div class="note memo">
166  <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>  <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>
167  </div>  </div>
   
168  <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->  <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->
169    
170  <p>To  <div class=section id=serializing-tokens>
171  <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize  <h3>Serializing Tokens</h3>
172  a group of selectors (<dfn id=var-gs><var>gs</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>  
173    <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize
174    an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
175    the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
176  <ol>  <ol>
177  <li>Let <dfn id=var-result><var>result</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>  <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
178  <li>For each selector (<dfn id=var-selector><var>selector</var></dfn>) in  characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them
179  <var>gs</var>:  respectively.</li>
180    <ol>  <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
181    <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector  <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
182    in the group of selectors, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>  (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>
183    <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a  <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
184    <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>  (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
185    <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>  <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
186    <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>  <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
187    <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or  A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
188    combinator in <var>selector</var> by following algorithm:  <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
189      <dl class=switch>  <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
190      <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector  (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
191      (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>  <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
192        <dd>  (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
193          <ol>  <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
194          <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize  <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
195          each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>  <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
196          <li class=ed>sort</li>  <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
197          <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>  <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
198          </ol>  hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character
199        </dd>  is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
200      <dt>If it is a combinator (<dfn id=var-c><var>c</var></dfn>)</dt>  <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
201        <dd>  <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
202          <ol>  <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is one of
203          <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>  <code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
204          <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>  (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
205          <li>  <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
206            <dl class=switch>  then prepend a string <code>\00003</code> at the beginning of
207            <dt>If <var>c</var> is descendant combinator (white space)</dt>  <var>n</var>.</li>
208              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>  <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is <code class=char>U+002D</code>
209              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to  <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>) and
210              <var>result</var>.</dd>  the second character, if any, is <em>not</em> one of
211            <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator  <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
212            (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>  A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
213              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>  <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
214              <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code>  <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
215              (<code class=char>></code>) character to <var>result</var>.</dd>  (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
216            <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator  <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
217            (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>  (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
218              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002B</code>  <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
219              <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>)  <code>U+0080</code> to <code>U+D7FF</code>, or
220              character to <var>result</var>.</dd>  <code>U+E000</code> to <code>U+10FFFF</code>, or
221            <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator  <var>n</var> is equal to <code class=char>U+002D</code>
222            (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>  <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>), then
223              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>  replace the <code class=char>U+002D</code>
224              <code class=charname>TILDE</code> (<code class=char>~</code>)  <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
225              character to <var>result</var>.</dd>  character by string <code>\00002D</code>.</li>
226            </dl>  <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
         </li>  
         <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>  
         <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to  
         <var>result</var>.</li>  
         </ol>  
       </dd>  
     </dl>  
   </ol>  
 </li>  
 <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the  
 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  
 representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>  
227  </ol>  </ol>
228    
229    <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize
230    a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
231    the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
232    <ol>
233    <li><p>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
234    characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them
235    (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by
236    newline character(s)) respectively.</p></li>
237    <li><p>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>
238    if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</p>
239    
240    <div class="note memo">
241    <p>The input <var>s</var> to this algorithm may be an
242    <code>IDENT</code>.</p>
243    </div></li>
244    <li><p>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
245    <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,
246    <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
247    (<code class=char>!</code>), <code class=char>U+0023</code>
248    <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) to
249    <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT SQUARE
250    BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
251    SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
252    <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
253    <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
254    <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
255    hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character
256    is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
257    <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
258    <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</p></li>
259    <li><p>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
260    MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the beginning of
261    <var>s</var>.</p></li>
262    <li><p>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
263    MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the end of <var>s</var>.</p></li>
264    <li><p>Then, <var>s</var> is the result of the algorithm.</p></li>
265    </ol>
266    
267    <p>A <dfn id=newline title=newline>newline</dfn>
268    <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be represented as a
269    <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
270    character.  However, depending on the context where
271    the <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
272    representation is in use, a sequence of
273    <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
274    followed by a <code class=char>U+000A</code>
275    <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> (i.e. a
276    <code>CRLF</code> sequence) or a character
277    <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
278    <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used as a <a href="#newline">newline</a> instead.
279    <a href="#newline">Newline</a> representations
280    <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be consistent in an
281    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
282    representation.</p>
283    
284    <div class="note memo">
285    <p>Therefore, newlines must be normalized before
286    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
287    representations are literally compared.</p>
288    </div>
289    
290    <div class="issue ed">
291    <p>Need to define <dfn id=lower-case>lower$B!>(Bcase</dfn>.
292    It is tr/A-Z/a-z/ for now.</p>
293  </div>  </div>
294    
295    </div>
296    
297    
298  <div class=section id=serializing-simple-selectors>  <div class=section id=serializing-simple-selectors>
299  <h3>Serializing Simple Selectors</h3>  <h3>Serializing Simple Selectors</h3>
300    
301    <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
302    representation is defined for an invalid <a href="#simple-selector">simple
303    selector</a>.</p>
304    
305  <p>To  <p>To
306  <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector title="serialize a simple selector">serialize  <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
307  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>ss</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>ss</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
308    the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
309    <ol>
310    <li>Let <dfn id=var-r><var>r</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
311    <li>Process <var>ss</var> as following:
312    
313  <dl class=switch>  <dl class=switch>
314  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>
315    <dd>    <dd>
316      <ol>      <ol>
317      <li>      <li>Append a namespace prefix as following:
318    
319        <dl class=switch>        <dl class=switch>
320        <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or        <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or
321        by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>        by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>
# Line 250  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 324  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
324        prefix)</dt>        prefix)</dt>
325          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
326          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
327          character to <var>result</var>.</dd>          character to <var>r</var>.</dd>
328        <dt>If no namespace is specified (by namespace prefix <code>*</code>,        <dt>If no namespace is specified (by namespace prefix <code>*</code>,
329        or by omitting namespace prefix where no default namespace is        or by omitting namespace prefix where no default namespace is
330        specified)</dt>        specified)</dt>
# Line 258  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 332  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
332          <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)          <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
333          character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>          character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
334          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
335          character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>          character, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
336        </dl>        </dl>
337      </li>      </li>
338      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the
339      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
340      local name to <var>result</var>.</li>      local name to <var>r</var>.</li>
341      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append
342      a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>      a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
343      (<code class=char>*</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>      (<code class=char>*</code>) character to <var>r</var>.</li>
344      </ol>      </ol>
345    </dd>    </dd>
346  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an attribute selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an attribute selector</dt>
# Line 274  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 348  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
348      <ol>      <ol>
349      <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT      <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
350      SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>[</code>) to      SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>[</code>) to
351      <var>result</var>.</li>      <var>r</var>.</li>
352      <li>      <li>
353        Append a namespace prefix as following:        Append a namespace prefix as following:
354        <dl>        <dl>
# Line 285  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 359  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
359        <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>        <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>
360          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
361          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to
362          <var>result</var>.</dd>          <var>r</var>.</dd>
363        <dt>If no namespace is specified</dt>        <dt>If no namespace is specified</dt>
364          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
365          <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)          <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
366          character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>          character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
367          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
368          character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>          character, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
369        </dl>        </dl>
370      </li>      </li>
371      <li>Append the      <li>Append the
372      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
373      local name to <var>result</var>.</li>      local name to <var>r</var>.</li>
374      <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:      <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:
375        <ol>        <ol>
376        <li>Depending on the way to match, append <code>=</code>,        <li>Depending on the way to match, append <code>=</code>,
377        <code>~=</code>, <code>|=</code>, <code>^=</code>,        <code>~=</code>, <code>|=</code>, <code>^=</code>,
378        <code>$=</code>, or <code>*=</code> to <var>result</var>.</li>        <code>$=</code>, or <code>*=</code> to <var>r</var>.</li>
379        <li>Append the        <li>Append the
380        <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>        <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
381        value to <var>result</var>.</li>        value to <var>r</var>.</li>
382        </ol>        </ol>
383      </li>      </li>
384      <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT      <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
385      SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>]</code>) to      SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>]</code>) to
386      <var>result</var>.</li>      <var>r</var>.</li>
387      </ol>      </ol>
388    </dd>    </dd>
389  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>
390    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL
391    STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed    STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed
392    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
393    class name, <var>result</var>.</dd>    class name, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
394  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>
395    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER
396    SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed    SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed
397    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
398    <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>result</var>.</dd>    <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
399  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>
400    <dd>    <dd>
401      <ol>      <ol>
402      <li>Append a <code class=char>U+003A</code>      <li>Append a <code class=char>U+003A</code>
403      <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character      <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character
404      to <var>result</var>.</li>      to <var>r</var>.</li>
405      <li>Append the      <li>Append the
406      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
407      name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to <var>result</var>.</li>      name (in <a href="#lower-case">lower$B!>(Bcase</a>) of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to
408        <var>r</var>.</li>
409      <li>Append any arguments as following:      <li>Append any arguments as following:
410        <dl class=switch>        <dl class=switch>
411        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>
# Line 338  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 413  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
413            <ol>            <ol>
414            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
415            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
416            to <var>result</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
417            <li>Append the            <li>Append the
418            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
419            language tag (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>            language tag (the argument) to <var>r</var>.
420              <span class="issue ed">Should we normalize cases?</span></li>
421            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
422            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
423            (<code class=char>)</code>) character            (<code class=char>)</code>) character
424            to <var>result</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
425            </ol>            </ol>
426          </dd>          </dd>
427        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is
# Line 354  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 430  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
430            <ol>            <ol>
431            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
432            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
433            to <var>result</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
434            <li>Append the            <li>Append the
435            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
436            string (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>            string (the argument) to <var>r</var>.</li>
437            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
438            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
439            (<code class=char>)</code>) character            (<code class=char>)</code>) character
440            to <var>result</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
441            </ol>            </ol>
442          </dd>          </dd>
443        <dt>If name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is either <code>nth-child</code>,        <dt>If name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is either <code>nth-child</code>,
# Line 371  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 447  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
447            <ol>            <ol>
448            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
449            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
450            to <var>result</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
451            <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>            <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
452            integer <var>a</var> to <var>result</var>.            integer <var>a</var> to <var>r</var>.
453            If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,            If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,
454            <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>.  If <var>a</var> and            <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>.  If <var>a</var> and
455            <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as            <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as
# Line 384  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 460  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
460            character).</li>            character).</li>
461            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>
462            <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>            <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>
463            (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>            (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>r</var>.</li>
464            <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>            <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
465            integer <var>b</var> to <var>result</var>.            integer <var>b</var> to <var>r</var>.
466            It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,            It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,
467            either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS            either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS
468            SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or            SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or
# Line 403  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 479  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
479            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
480            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
481            (<code class=char>)</code>) character            (<code class=char>)</code>) character
482            to <var>result</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
483            </ol>            </ol>
484          </dd>          </dd>
485        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>not</code></dt>        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>not</code></dt>
# Line 417  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 493  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
493              <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER T</code>, and              <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER T</code>, and
494              <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT              <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
495              PARENTHESIS</code> (<code>:not(</code>), followed by a              PARENTHESIS</code> (<code>:not(</code>), followed by a
496              <a href="#newline">newline</a>, to <var>result</var>.</li>              <a href="#newline">newline</a>, to <var>r</var>.</li>
497              <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>              <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
498              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
499              <var>result</var>.</li>              <var>r</var>.</li>
500              <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>              <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
501              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
502              <var>result</var> again.</li>              <var>r</var> again.</li>
503              <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize              <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
504              the simple selector specified as the argument to the              the simple selector specified as the argument to the
505              <code>not</code> pseudo$B!>(Bclass</a>.</li>              <code>not</code> pseudo$B!>(Bclass</a>.</li>
506              <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to              <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to
507              <var>result</var>.</li>              <var>r</var>.</li>
508              <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>              <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
509              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
510              <var>result</var>.</li>              <var>r</var>.</li>
511              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
512              <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>              <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
513              (<code class=char>)</code>) character              (<code class=char>)</code>) character
514              to <var>result</var>.</li>              to <var>r</var>.</li>
515            </ol>            </ol>
516          </dd>          </dd>
517          <dt>Otherwise</dt>
518            <dd>The pseudo$B!>(Bclass is not supported by this version of
519            <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
520            and therefore no
521            <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
522            representation is defined for <var>ss</var>.  Stop the algorithm.</dd>
523        </dl>        </dl>
524      </li>      </li>
525      </ol>      </ol>
# Line 447  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s Line 529  a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>s
529      <ol>      <ol>
530      <li>Append two <code class=char>U+003A</code>      <li>Append two <code class=char>U+003A</code>
531      <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)      <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)
532      to <var>result</var>.</li>      to <var>r</var>.</li>
533      <li>Append the      <li>Append the
534      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
535      name of the pseudo$B!>(Belement to <var>result</var>.</li>      name (in <a href="#lower-case">lower$B!>(Bcase</a>) of the pseudo$B!>(Belement
536      <!-- For future version: append "(", arguments, ")", if any. -->      to <var>r</var>.</li>
537        <li>If the pseudo$B!>(Belement has any arguments:
538            The pseudo$B!>(Belement is not supported by this version of
539            <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
540            and therefore no
541            <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
542            representation is defined for <var>ss</var>.  Stop the algorithm.
543        </li>
544      </ol>      </ol>
545    </dd>    </dd>
546  </dl>  </dl>
547    </li>
548    <li>Then, <var>r</var> is the
549    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
550    representation of <var>ss</var>.</li>
551    </ol>
552    
553  </div>  </div>
554    
555  <div class=section id=serializing-tokens>  <div class=section id=serializing-groups-of-selectors>
556  <h3>Serializing Tokens</h3>  <h3>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h3>
557    
558  <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize  <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
559  an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>  representation is defined for an invalid
560  <ol>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
561  <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following  selectors</a>.</p>
 characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them  
 respectively.</li>  
 <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of  
 <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>  
 (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>  
 <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>  
 (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>  
 <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),  
 <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER  
 A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>  
 <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),  
 <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>  
 (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>  
 <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>  
 (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>  
 <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),  
 <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or  
 <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in  
 <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where  
 <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded  
 hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character  
 is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,  
 <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>  
 <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>  
 <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is one of  
 <code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>  
 (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>  
 <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),  
 then prepend a string <code>\00003</code> at the beginning of  
 <var>n</var>.</li>  
 <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is <code class=char>U+002D</code>  
 <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>) and  
 the second character, if any, is <em>not</em> one of  
 <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER  
 A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>  
 <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),  
 <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>  
 (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>  
 <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>  
 (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>  
 <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),  
 <code>U+0080</code> to <code>U+D7FF</code>, or  
 <code>U+E000</code> to <code>U+10FFFF</code>, or  
 <var>n</var> is equal to <code class=char>U+002D</code>  
 <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>), then  
 replace the <code class=char>U+002D</code>  
 <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)  
 character by string <code>\00002D</code>.</li>  
 <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>  
 </ol>  
562    
563  <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize  <p>To
564  a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>  <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize
565    a group of selectors (<dfn id=var-gs><var>gs</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
566    the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
567  <ol>  <ol>
568  <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following  <li>Let <dfn id=var-result><var>result</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
569  characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them  <li>For each selector (<dfn id=var-selector><var>selector</var></dfn>) in
570  (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by  <var>gs</var>:
571  newline character(s)) respectively.</li>    <ol>
572  <li>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>    <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector
573  if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</li>    in the <var>gs</var>, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>
574  <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of    <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a
575  <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,    <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
576  <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>    <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
577  (<code class=char>!</code>), <code class=char>U+0023</code>    <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
578  <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) to    <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or
579  <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT SQUARE    combinator in <var>selector</var> as following:
580  BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT      <dl class=switch>
581  SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or      <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector
582  <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in      (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>
583  <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where        <dd>
584  <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded          <ol>
585  hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character          <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
586  is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,          each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>
587  <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>          <li class=ed>sort</li>
588  <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>          <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
589  <li>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION          </ol>
590  MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the beginning of <var>s</var>.</li>        </dd>
591  <li>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION      <dt>If it is a combinator (<dfn id=var-c><var>c</var></dfn>)</dt>
592  MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the end of <var>s</var>.</li>        <dd>
593  <li>Then, <var>s</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>          <ol>
594  </ol>          <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>
595            <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
596  <p>A <dfn id=newline title=newline>newline</dfn>          <li>Process <var>c</var> as following:
 <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be represented as a  
 <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>  
 character.  However, depending on the context where  
 the <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  
 representation is in use, a sequence of  
 <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>  
 followed by a <code class=char>U+000A</code>  
 <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> (i.e. a  
 <code>CRLF</code> sequence) or a character  
 <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>  
 <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used as a <a href="#newline">newline</a> instead.  
 <a href="#newline">Newline</a> representations  
 <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be consistent in an  
 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  
 representation.</p>  
597    
598  <div class="note memo">            <dl class=switch>
599  <p>Therefore, newlines must be normalized before            <dt>If <var>c</var> is descendant combinator (white space)</dt>
600                <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
601                <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
602                <var>result</var>.</dd>
603              <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator
604              (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>
605                <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>
606                <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code>
607                (<code class=char>></code>) character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
608              <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator
609              (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>
610                <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002B</code>
611                <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>)
612                character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
613              <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator
614              (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>
615                <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>
616                <code class=charname>TILDE</code> (<code class=char>~</code>)
617                character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
618              </dl>
619            </li>
620            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
621            <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
622            <var>result</var>.</li>
623            </ol>
624          </dd>
625        </dl>
626      </ol>
627    </li>
628    <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the
629  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
630  representations are literally compared.</p>  representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>
631  </div>  </ol>
632    
633  </div>  </div>
634    
# Line 577  representations are literally compared.< Line 637  representations are literally compared.<
637  <div class="section" id="parsing">  <div class="section" id="parsing">
638  <h2>Parsing  <h2>Parsing
639  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
640  Groups of Selectors</h2>  Representations of Selectors</h2>
641    
642  <p>Since <a href="#serializing">the serializing algorithm</a> is  <p>Since <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">the serializing
643  so designed that it always output a valid  algorithm for groups of selectors</a> is so designed that it always outputs a
644  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of  valid <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
645  selectors</a>, no special parser for the  selectors</a>, no special parser for the
646  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
647  representation is necessary.  Any conforming parser for  representation is necessary.  Any conforming parser for
648  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
649  selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used  selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used
650  to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
651  representations of groups of selectors.</p>  representations of
652    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
653    selectors</a>.</p>
654    
655    <p>Likewise, <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">the serializing
656    algorithm for simple selectors</a> always outputs a valid
657    <a href="#simple-selector">simple selector</a> and therefore any
658    conforming parser for <a href="#simple-selector">simple selector</a>
659    <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used to parse
660    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
661    representations of <a href="#simple-selector">simple selectors</a>.</p>
662  </div>  </div>
663    
664  <div class="section" id="examples">  <div class="section" id="examples">
# Line 624  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto Line 694  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto
694    <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>    <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>
695    14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,    14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,
696    <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.    <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.
697    This version of the specification is referenced</dd>    This version of the specification is referenced.</dd>
698  <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>  <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>
699    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,
700    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,
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