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1 wakaba 1.1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2     <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">
3     <head>
4 wakaba 1.2 <title>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (SSFT) Specification</title>
5 wakaba 1.1 <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">
6     <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">
7     </head>
8     <body class="has-abstract">
9    
10     <div class="header">
11 wakaba 1.2 <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)
12     Specification</h1>
13 wakaba 1.11 <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-10-22>22 October 2007</time></h2>
14 wakaba 1.1
15     <dl class="versions-uri">
16     <dt>This Version</dt>
17     <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
18     >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
19     <dt>Latest Version</dt>
20     <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
21     >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
22     <!--
23     <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>
24     -->
25     <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->
26 wakaba 1.5 <dt>Version History</dt>
27     <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>
28 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
29     <dl class="authors" id="author">
30     <dt>Author</dt>
31     <dd><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author"
32     lang=ja>Wakaba</a>
33     <code class="mail">&lt;<a href="mailto:w@suika.fam.cx" rel="author"
34     >w@suika.fam.cx</a>&gt;</code></dd>
35     </dl>
36    
37 wakaba 1.5 <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; <time>2007</time> <a
38 wakaba 1.1 href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author">Wakaba</a>.
39     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
40     under the terms of the <a rel="license"
41     href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>,
42     Version 1.2
43     or any later version published by the <a
44     href="http://www.fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>;
45     with no Invariant Sections, no Front$B!>(BCover Texts, and no Back$B!>(BCover
46     Texts. A copy of the license is
47     available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a
48     href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"
49     rel="license">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html</a>&gt;</code>.</p>
50     </div>
51    
52     <div id="abstract" class="section">
53     <h2>Abstract</h2>
54    
55     <div class="ed issue">...</div>
56    
57     </div>
58    
59     <div id="status" class="section">
60     <h2>Status of This Document</h2>
61    
62 wakaba 1.5 <p class=section-info><em>This section describes the status of this document
63 wakaba 1.1 at the time of its publication. Other documents
64     might supersede this document.</em></p>
65    
66 wakaba 1.10 <p>This document is a working draft, produced as part of the
67     <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/html/whatpm/readme">Whatpm</a>
68     subproject
69 wakaba 1.5 of the <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/manakai-core/doc/web/">manakai</a>
70     project. It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
71 wakaba 1.1 other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to
72     cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>
73    
74     <p>Comments on this document are welcome and
75     may be sent to the <a href="#author">author</a>.</p>
76    
77     <p>Translations of thie document might be available.
78     The English version of the document is the only
79     normative version.</p>
80     </div>
81    
82     <div id="introduction" class="section">
83     <h2>Introduction</h2>
84    
85 wakaba 1.7 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
86 wakaba 1.5
87     <p>Selectors
88     <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-SELECTORS">SELECTORS</a>]</cite>
89     are patterns that match against elements
90     in a tree structure and are used in Web technologies, including
91     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21"><abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr></a>
92     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSS">CSS</a>]</cite>,
93     <a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr>5</a>
94     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-HTML5">HTML5</a>]</cite>,
95     <a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr title="XML Binding Language">XBL</abbr>2</a>
96     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-XBL2">XBL2</a>]</cite>, and
97     <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors
98     <abbr>API</abbr></a>
99     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-SAPI">SAPI</a>]</cite>.</p>
100 wakaba 1.4
101 wakaba 1.1 <div class="issue ed">...</div>
102    
103 wakaba 1.4 <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The
104     <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>
105     specification</a>
106 wakaba 1.5 <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSSOM">CSSOM</a>]</cite>
107 wakaba 1.4 is trying to define an algorithm to
108     <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8#serializing0">serialize
109     a group of selectors</a> for the purpose of <code>selectorText</code>
110     attribute. However, the algorithm is incomplete
111 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2007-09-25>at the time of the writing</time>.
112     Note that current Web browser implementations
113 wakaba 1.4 of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken
114     in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>
115    
116 wakaba 1.1 </div>
117    
118     <div class="section" id="terminology">
119     <h2>Terminology</h2>
120    
121 wakaba 1.10 <p>The key words <q><dfn id=must><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></dfn></q>,
122     <q><dfn id=must-not><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></dfn></q>,
123     <q><dfn id=should><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></dfn></q>,
124     <q><dfn id=should-not><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD NOT</em></dfn></q>, and
125     <q><dfn id=may><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></dfn></q> in this
126 wakaba 1.1 document are to be interpreted as described in
127 wakaba 1.5 <a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr>
128     2119</a>
129 wakaba 1.1 <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>
130 wakaba 1.5
131 wakaba 1.15 <p>Requirements phrased in the imperative as part of algorithms are to be
132     interpreted with the meaning of the key word (<em class=rfc2119>MUST</em>)
133     used in introducing the algorithm.</p>
134    
135     <p>Conformance requirements phrased as algorithms or specific steps
136     <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be implemented in any manner, so long as the end
137     result is equivalent.</p>
138    
139 wakaba 1.5 <!-- Strictly speaking the paragraph below is not part of terminology. -->
140 wakaba 1.7 <p>All examples and notes in this specification are non$B!>(Bnormative,
141     as are all sections explicitly marked non$B!>(Bnormative. Everything
142 wakaba 1.5 else in this specification is normative.</p>
143 wakaba 1.7
144     <p>For the purpose of this specification, pseudo$B!>(Belements are also
145     referred to as <dfn title="simple selector" id=simple-selector>simple
146     selectors</dfn> and are considered as part of the last sequence of
147     simple selector in a selector.</p>
148 wakaba 1.1 </div>
149    
150     <div class="section" id="serializing">
151 wakaba 1.17 <h2>Serializing Selectors in
152 wakaba 1.12 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
153     Representation</h2>
154 wakaba 1.1
155 wakaba 1.16 <p>Subsections of this section define algorithms
156     to <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">serialize a simple
157     selector</a> or <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">serialize
158     a group of selectors</a>.</p>
159    
160 wakaba 1.1 <div class="issue ed">
161 wakaba 1.16 <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/*checkout*/markup/html/whatpm/Whatpm/CSS/SelectorsSerializer.pm">See
162     also the reference implementation</a> for now.</p>
163 wakaba 1.1 </div>
164 wakaba 1.3
165 wakaba 1.15 <div class="note memo">
166     <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>
167     </div>
168     <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->
169    
170 wakaba 1.14 <div class=section id=serializing-tokens>
171     <h3>Serializing Tokens</h3>
172    
173     <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize
174 wakaba 1.15 an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
175     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
176 wakaba 1.14 <ol>
177     <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
178     characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them
179     respectively.</li>
180     <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
181     <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
182     (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>
183     <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
184     (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
185     <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
186     <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
187     A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
188     <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
189     <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
190     (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
191     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
192     (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
193     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
194     <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
195     <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
196     <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
197     <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
198     hexadecimal representation of the character. If the character
199     is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
200     <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
201     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
202     <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is one of
203     <code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
204     (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
205     <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
206     then prepend a string <code>\00003</code> at the beginning of
207     <var>n</var>.</li>
208     <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is <code class=char>U+002D</code>
209     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>) and
210     the second character, if any, is <em>not</em> one of
211     <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
212     A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
213     <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
214     <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
215     (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
216     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
217     (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
218     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
219     <code>U+0080</code> to <code>U+D7FF</code>, or
220     <code>U+E000</code> to <code>U+10FFFF</code>, or
221     <var>n</var> is equal to <code class=char>U+002D</code>
222     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>), then
223     replace the <code class=char>U+002D</code>
224     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
225     character by string <code>\00002D</code>.</li>
226     <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
227     </ol>
228 wakaba 1.12
229 wakaba 1.14 <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize
230 wakaba 1.15 a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
231     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
232 wakaba 1.14 <ol>
233     <li><p>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
234     characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them
235     (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by
236     newline character(s)) respectively.</p></li>
237     <li><p>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>
238     if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</p>
239 wakaba 1.8
240     <div class="note memo">
241 wakaba 1.14 <p>The input <var>s</var> to this algorithm may be an
242     <code>IDENT</code>.</p>
243     </div></li>
244     <li><p>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
245     <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,
246     <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
247     (<code class=char>!</code>), <code class=char>U+0023</code>
248     <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) to
249     <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT SQUARE
250     BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
251     SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
252     <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
253     <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
254     <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
255     hexadecimal representation of the character. If the character
256     is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
257     <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
258     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</p></li>
259     <li><p>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
260     MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the beginning of
261     <var>s</var>.</p></li>
262     <li><p>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
263     MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the end of <var>s</var>.</p></li>
264     <li><p>Then, <var>s</var> is the result of the algorithm.</p></li>
265     </ol>
266 wakaba 1.3
267 wakaba 1.14 <p>A <dfn id=newline title=newline>newline</dfn>
268     <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be represented as a
269     <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
270     character. However, depending on the context where
271     the <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
272     representation is in use, a sequence of
273     <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
274     followed by a <code class=char>U+000A</code>
275     <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> (i.e. a
276     <code>CRLF</code> sequence) or a character
277     <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
278     <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used as a <a href="#newline">newline</a> instead.
279     <a href="#newline">Newline</a> representations
280     <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be consistent in an
281     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
282     representation.</p>
283 wakaba 1.4
284 wakaba 1.14 <div class="note memo">
285     <p>Therefore, newlines must be normalized before
286 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
287 wakaba 1.14 representations are literally compared.</p>
288     </div>
289 wakaba 1.6
290 wakaba 1.17 <div class="issue ed">
291     <p>Need to define <dfn id=lower-case>lower$B!>(Bcase</dfn>.
292     It is tr/A-Z/a-z/ for now.</p>
293     </div>
294    
295 wakaba 1.12 </div>
296    
297 wakaba 1.14
298 wakaba 1.12 <div class=section id=serializing-simple-selectors>
299     <h3>Serializing Simple Selectors</h3>
300    
301 wakaba 1.15 <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
302 wakaba 1.16 representation is defined for an invalid <a href="#simple-selector">simple
303     selector</a>.</p>
304 wakaba 1.15
305 wakaba 1.7 <p>To
306     <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
307 wakaba 1.15 a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>ss</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
308     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
309 wakaba 1.16 <ol>
310     <li>Let <dfn id=var-r><var>r</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
311     <li>Process <var>ss</var> as following:
312    
313 wakaba 1.6 <dl class=switch>
314     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>
315 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
316     <ol>
317 wakaba 1.17 <li>Append a namespace prefix as following:
318    
319 wakaba 1.7 <dl class=switch>
320     <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or
321     by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>
322     <dd class="ed">@@</dd>
323     <dt>If the null namespace is specified (by zero$B!>(Blength namespace
324     prefix)</dt>
325     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
326     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
327 wakaba 1.16 character to <var>r</var>.</dd>
328 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If no namespace is specified (by namespace prefix <code>*</code>,
329     or by omitting namespace prefix where no default namespace is
330     specified)</dt>
331     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
332     <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
333     character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
334     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
335 wakaba 1.16 character, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
336 wakaba 1.7 </dl>
337     </li>
338     <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the
339 wakaba 1.11 <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
340 wakaba 1.16 local name to <var>r</var>.</li>
341 wakaba 1.7 <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append
342     a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
343 wakaba 1.16 (<code class=char>*</code>) character to <var>r</var>.</li>
344 wakaba 1.7 </ol>
345     </dd>
346     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an attribute selector</dt>
347 wakaba 1.9 <dd>
348     <ol>
349     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
350     SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>[</code>) to
351 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var>.</li>
352 wakaba 1.9 <li>
353     Append a namespace prefix as following:
354     <dl>
355     <dt>If a namespace URI is specified</dt>
356     <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
357     <dd class=ed>@@ Current reference implementation is wrong,
358     since its result of sorting depends on namespace prefix.</dd>
359     <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>
360     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
361     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to
362 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var>.</dd>
363 wakaba 1.9 <dt>If no namespace is specified</dt>
364     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
365     <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
366     character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
367     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
368 wakaba 1.16 character, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
369 wakaba 1.9 </dl>
370     </li>
371 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
372     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
373 wakaba 1.16 local name to <var>r</var>.</li>
374 wakaba 1.9 <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:
375     <ol>
376     <li>Depending on the way to match, append <code>=</code>,
377     <code>~=</code>, <code>|=</code>, <code>^=</code>,
378 wakaba 1.16 <code>$=</code>, or <code>*=</code> to <var>r</var>.</li>
379 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
380     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
381 wakaba 1.16 value to <var>r</var>.</li>
382 wakaba 1.9 </ol>
383     </li>
384     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
385     SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>]</code>) to
386 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var>.</li>
387 wakaba 1.9 </ol>
388     </dd>
389 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>
390     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL
391     STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed
392 wakaba 1.11 by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
393 wakaba 1.16 class name, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
394 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>
395     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER
396     SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed
397 wakaba 1.11 by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
398 wakaba 1.16 <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
399 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>
400     <dd>
401     <ol>
402     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+003A</code>
403     <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character
404 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
405 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
406     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
407 wakaba 1.17 name (in <a href="#lower-case">lower$B!>(Bcase</a>) of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to
408     <var>r</var>.</li>
409 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append any arguments as following:
410     <dl class=switch>
411 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>
412 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
413     <ol>
414     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
415     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
416 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
417 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
418     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
419 wakaba 1.17 language tag (the argument) to <var>r</var>.
420     <span class="issue ed">Should we normalize cases?</span></li>
421 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
422     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
423     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
424 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
425 wakaba 1.7 </ol>
426     </dd>
427 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is
428     <code>-manakai-contains</code></dt>
429 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
430     <ol>
431     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
432     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
433 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
434 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
435     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
436 wakaba 1.16 string (the argument) to <var>r</var>.</li>
437 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
438     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
439     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
440 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
441 wakaba 1.7 </ol>
442     </dd>
443 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is either <code>nth-child</code>,
444 wakaba 1.7 <code>nth-last-child</code>, <code>nth-of-type</code>, or
445     <code>nth-last-of-type</code></dt>
446     <dd>
447     <ol>
448     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
449     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
450 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
451 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
452 wakaba 1.16 integer <var>a</var> to <var>r</var>.
453 wakaba 1.7 If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,
454     <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>. If <var>a</var> and
455     <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as
456     <code>0</code>. Otherwise, if <var>a</var> is omitted,
457     it is assumed as <code>1</code> (or <code>-1</code>,
458     if there is a <code class=char>U+002D</code>
459     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
460     character).</li>
461     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>
462     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>
463 wakaba 1.16 (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>r</var>.</li>
464 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
465 wakaba 1.16 integer <var>b</var> to <var>r</var>.
466 wakaba 1.7 It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,
467     either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS
468     SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or
469     <code class=char>U+002D</code>
470     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
471     character. If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>,
472     <var>b</var> is <code>1</code>. If the argument
473     is a keyword <code>even</code>, <var>b</var> is
474     <code>0</code>. If <var>b</var> is omitted, it is assumed as
475     <code>0</code>. The sign of <code>0</code>
476     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code class=char>U+002B</code>
477     <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>
478     (<code class=char>+</code>).</li>
479     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
480     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
481     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
482 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
483 wakaba 1.7 </ol>
484     </dd>
485 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>not</code></dt>
486     <dd>
487     <ol>
488     <li>Append a string of <code class=char>U+003A</code>
489     <code class=charname>COLON</code>, <code class=char>U+006E</code>
490     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>,
491     <code class=char>U+006F</code> <code class=charname>LATIN
492     SMALL LETTER O</code>, <code class=char>U+0074</code>
493     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER T</code>, and
494     <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
495     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code>:not(</code>), followed by a
496 wakaba 1.16 <a href="#newline">newline</a>, to <var>r</var>.</li>
497 wakaba 1.8 <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
498     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
499 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var>.</li>
500 wakaba 1.8 <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
501     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
502 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var> again.</li>
503 wakaba 1.8 <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
504     the simple selector specified as the argument to the
505     <code>not</code> pseudo$B!>(Bclass</a>.</li>
506     <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to
507 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var>.</li>
508 wakaba 1.8 <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
509     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
510 wakaba 1.16 <var>r</var>.</li>
511 wakaba 1.8 <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
512     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
513     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
514 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
515 wakaba 1.8 </ol>
516     </dd>
517 wakaba 1.16 <dt>Otherwise</dt>
518     <dd>The pseudo$B!>(Bclass is not supported by this version of
519     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
520     and therefore no
521     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
522     representation is defined for <var>ss</var>. Stop the algorithm.</dd>
523 wakaba 1.7 </dl>
524     </li>
525     </ol>
526     </dd>
527     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Belement</dt>
528     <dd>
529     <ol>
530     <li>Append two <code class=char>U+003A</code>
531     <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)
532 wakaba 1.16 to <var>r</var>.</li>
533 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
534     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
535 wakaba 1.17 name (in <a href="#lower-case">lower$B!>(Bcase</a>) of the pseudo$B!>(Belement
536     to <var>r</var>.</li>
537 wakaba 1.16 <li>If the pseudo$B!>(Belement has any arguments:
538     The pseudo$B!>(Belement is not supported by this version of
539     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
540     and therefore no
541     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
542     representation is defined for <var>ss</var>. Stop the algorithm.
543     </li>
544 wakaba 1.7 </ol>
545     </dd>
546 wakaba 1.6 </dl>
547 wakaba 1.16 </li>
548     <li>Then, <var>r</var> is the
549     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
550     representation of <var>ss</var>.</li>
551     </ol>
552 wakaba 1.1
553 wakaba 1.12 </div>
554    
555 wakaba 1.14 <div class=section id=serializing-groups-of-selectors>
556     <h3>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h3>
557 wakaba 1.12
558 wakaba 1.14 <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
559 wakaba 1.17 representation is defined for an invalid
560     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
561     selectors</a>.</p>
562 wakaba 1.13
563 wakaba 1.14 <p>To
564     <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize
565 wakaba 1.15 a group of selectors (<dfn id=var-gs><var>gs</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
566     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
567 wakaba 1.14 <ol>
568     <li>Let <dfn id=var-result><var>result</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
569     <li>For each selector (<dfn id=var-selector><var>selector</var></dfn>) in
570     <var>gs</var>:
571     <ol>
572     <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector
573 wakaba 1.17 in the <var>gs</var>, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>
574 wakaba 1.14 <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a
575     <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
576     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
577     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
578     <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or
579 wakaba 1.16 combinator in <var>selector</var> as following:
580 wakaba 1.14 <dl class=switch>
581     <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector
582     (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>
583     <dd>
584     <ol>
585     <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
586     each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>
587     <li class=ed>sort</li>
588     <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
589     </ol>
590     </dd>
591     <dt>If it is a combinator (<dfn id=var-c><var>c</var></dfn>)</dt>
592     <dd>
593     <ol>
594     <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>
595     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
596 wakaba 1.16 <li>Process <var>c</var> as following:
597    
598 wakaba 1.14 <dl class=switch>
599     <dt>If <var>c</var> is descendant combinator (white space)</dt>
600     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
601     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
602     <var>result</var>.</dd>
603     <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator
604     (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>
605     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>
606     <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code>
607     (<code class=char>></code>) character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
608     <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator
609     (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>
610     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002B</code>
611     <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>)
612     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
613     <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator
614     (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>
615     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>
616     <code class=charname>TILDE</code> (<code class=char>~</code>)
617     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
618     </dl>
619     </li>
620     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
621     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
622     <var>result</var>.</li>
623     </ol>
624     </dd>
625     </dl>
626     </ol>
627     </li>
628     <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the
629 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
630 wakaba 1.14 representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>
631     </ol>
632 wakaba 1.12
633 wakaba 1.8 </div>
634    
635 wakaba 1.1 </div>
636    
637     <div class="section" id="parsing">
638     <h2>Parsing
639 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
640 wakaba 1.17 Representations of Selectors</h2>
641 wakaba 1.1
642 wakaba 1.17 <p>Since <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">the serializing
643     algorithm for groups of selectors</a> is so designed that it always outputs a
644     valid <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
645 wakaba 1.8 selectors</a>, no special parser for the
646     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
647     representation is necessary. Any conforming parser for
648     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
649     selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used
650     to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
651 wakaba 1.17 representations of
652     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
653     selectors</a>.</p>
654    
655     <p>Likewise, <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">the serializing
656     algorithm for simple selectors</a> always outputs a valid
657     <a href="#simple-selector">simple selector</a> and therefore any
658     conforming parser for <a href="#simple-selector">simple selector</a>
659     <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used to parse
660     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
661     representations of <a href="#simple-selector">simple selectors</a>.</p>
662 wakaba 1.1 </div>
663    
664     <div class="section" id="examples">
665     <h2>Examples</h2>
666    
667 wakaba 1.7 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
668 wakaba 1.1
669     <div class="ed issue">
670     <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/2007/css/parser-interface">Try demo</a>,
671 wakaba 1.7 by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio button.</p>
672 wakaba 1.1
673     <div class="example figure block">
674     <div class="caption">...</div>
675    
676     <pre><code>...</code></pre>
677     </div>
678    
679     </div>
680    
681     </div>
682    
683     <div id="references" class="section reference">
684 wakaba 1.7 <h2>References</h2>
685 wakaba 1.1
686     <div id="normative-references" class="section normative reference">
687     <h3>Normative References</h3>
688    
689     <dl>
690     <dt id="ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</dt>
691 wakaba 1.4 <dd><cite><a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119">Key words for use in
692     <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,
693     <abbr title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>
694     <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>
695 wakaba 1.5 14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,
696     <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.
697 wakaba 1.17 This version of the specification is referenced.</dd>
698 wakaba 1.1 <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>
699 wakaba 1.2 <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,
700     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,
701 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2005-12-15>15 December 2005</time>. Work in progress.
702 wakaba 1.2 <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors">The latest version</a>
703     of the specification is referenced.</dd>
704 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
705     </div>
706    
707     <div id="informative-references" class="section informative reference">
708 wakaba 1.7 <h3>Non$B!>(Bnormative References</h3>
709 wakaba 1.1
710     <dl>
711 wakaba 1.5 <dt id=ref-CSS>CSS</dt>
712     <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/CR-CSS21-20070719">Cascading
713     Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (<abbr>CSS</abbr> 2.1)
714     Specification</a></cite>,
715     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Candidate
716     Recommendation, <time datetime=2007-07-19>19 July 2007</time>.
717     Work in progress. The latest version of the specification is
718     available at
719     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21">http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21</a>></code>.</dd>
720 wakaba 1.4 <dt id=ref-CSSOM>CSSOM</dt>
721     <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Cascading
722     Style Sheets Object Model (<abbr>CSSOM</abbr>)</a></cite>,
723     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
724 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2007-06-18>18 June 2007</time>. Work in progress.
725     The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
726     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html</a>></code>.</dd>
727     <dt id=ref-HTML5>HTML5</dt>
728     <dd><cite><a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr>HTML</abbr> 5</a></cite>,
729     <abbr title="Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group">WHATWG</abbr>
730     Working Draft. Work in progress.</dd>
731     <dt id=ref-SAPI>SAPI</dt>
732     <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors <abbr>API</abbr></a></cite>,
733     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
734     <time datetime=2007-08-29>29 August 2007</time>. Work in progress.
735     The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
736     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html</a>></code>.
737     The latest published version of the specification is available at
738     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/">http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/</a>></code>.</dd>
739 wakaba 1.10 <dt id=ref-XBL2>XBL2</dt>
740 wakaba 1.5 <dd><cite><a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr>XBL</abbr>
741     2.0</a></cite>, Mozilla.org, <time datetime=2007-03-15>15 Mar 2007</time>.
742     Work in progress. The latest
743     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>$B!>(Bpublished
744     version of the specification is available at
745     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/</a>></code>.</dd>
746 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
747     </div>
748    
749     </div>
750    
751     </body>
752     </html>

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