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1
2 INTERNET-DRAFT R. Petke
3 <draft-ietf-urlreg-procedures-06.txt> UUNET Technologies
4 I. King
5 Microsoft Corporation
6 March 30, 1999
7
8
9
10 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names
11
12
13
14 Status of this Memo
15
16 This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
17 all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026. Internet-Drafts are
18 working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its
19 areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also
20 distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts
21 are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be
22 updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It
23 is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to
24 cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current
25 Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
26 http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt The list of Internet-
27 Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
28 http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
29
30 Distribution of this Internet-Draft is unlimited.
31
32 This Internet-Draft expires September 30, 1999.
33
34 Copyright Notice
35
36 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
37
38 Abstract
39
40 This document defines the process by which new URL scheme names are
41 registered.
42
43
44 1.0 Introduction
45
46 A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a compact string representation
47 of the location for a resource that is available via the Internet.
48 RFC 2396 [1] defines the general syntax and semantics of URIs, and,
49 by inclusion, URLs. URLs are designated by including a "<scheme>:"
50 and then a "<scheme-specific-part>". Many URL schemes are already
51 defined, however, new schemes may need to be defined in the future
52 in order to accommodate new Internet protocols and/or procedures.
53
54 A registration process is needed to ensure that the names of all
55 such new schemes are guaranteed not to collide. Further, the
56 registration process ensures that URL schemes intended for wide
57 spread, public use are developed in an orderly, well-specified, and
58 public manner.
59
60 This document defines the registration procedures to be followed
61 when new URL schemes are created. A separate document, RFC
62 [URL-GUIDELINES], Guidelines for URL Schemes [2], provides
63 guidelines for the creation of new URL schemes. The primary focus
64 of this document is on the <scheme> portion of new URL schemes,
65 referred to as the "scheme name" throughout this document.
66
67
68 2.0 URL Scheme Name Registration Trees
69
70 2.1 General
71
72 In order to increase the efficiency and flexibility of the URL
73 scheme name registration process, the need is recognized for
74 multiple registration "trees". The registration requirements and
75 specific registration procedures for each tree differ, allowing the
76 overall registration procedure to accommodate the different natural
77 requirements for URL schemes. For example, a scheme that will be
78 recommended for wide support and implementation by the Internet
79 community requires a more complete review than a scheme intended to
80 be used for resources associated with proprietary software.
81
82 The first step in registering a new URL scheme name is to determine
83 which registration tree the scheme should be registered in.
84 Determination of the proper registration tree is based on the
85 intended use for the new scheme and the desired syntax for the
86 scheme name.
87
88 This document will discuss in detail the tree that reflects current
89 practice, under IETF ownership and control. It will also set forth
90 an outline to assist authors in creating new trees to address
91 differing needs for wide acceptance and interoperability, ease of
92 creation and use, and type and "strength" of ownership.
93
94
95 2.2 The IETF Tree
96
97 The IETF tree is intended for URL schemes of general interest to the
98 Internet community. The tree exists for URL schemes that require a
99 substantive review and approval process. It is expected that
100 applicability statements for particular applications will be
101 published from time to time that recommend implementation of, and
102 support for, URL schemes that have proven particularly useful in
103 those contexts.
104
105
106
107 2.3 Additional Registration Trees
108
109 From time to time and as required by the community, the IESG may
110 create new top-level registration trees. These trees may require
111 significant, little or no registration, and may allow change control
112 to rest in the hands of individuals or groups other than IETF. A
113 new tree should only be created if no existing tree can be shown to
114 address the set of needs of some sector of the community.
115
116
117 3.0 Requirements for Scheme Name Registration
118
119 3.1 General Requirements
120
121 All new URL schemes, regardless of registration tree, MUST conform
122 to the generic syntax for URLs as specified in RFC 2396.
123
124
125 3.2 The IETF Tree
126
127 Registration in the IETF tree requires publication of the URL scheme
128 syntax and semantics in either an Informational or Standards Track
129 RFC.
130
131 The NAMES of schemes registered in the IETF tree MUST NOT contain
132 the dash (also known as the hyphen and minus sign) character ('-')
133 USASCII value 2Dh. Use of this character can cause confusion with
134 schemes registered in alternative trees (see section 3.3).
135
136
137 An analysis of the security issues inherent in the new URL scheme is
138 REQUIRED. (This is in accordance with the basic requirements for
139 all IETF protocols.) There is absolutely no requirement that all
140 URL schemes registered in the IETF tree be secure or completely free
141 from risks. Nevertheless, all known security risks must be
142 identified.
143
144 The "owner" of a URL scheme name registered in the IETF tree is
145 assumed to be the IETF itself. Modification or alteration of the
146 specification requires the same level of processing (e.g.
147 Informational or Standards Track RFC) as used for the initial
148 registration. Schemes originally defined via an Informational RFC
149 may, however, be replaced with Standards Track documents.
150
151
152 3.3 Alternative Trees
153
154 While public exposure and review of a URL scheme created in an
155 alternative tree is not required, using the IETF Internet-Draft
156 mechanism for peer review is strongly encouraged to improve the
157 quality of the specification. RFC publication of alternative tree
158 URL schemes is encouraged but not required. Material may be
159 published as an Informational RFC by sending it to the RFC Editor
160 (please follow the instructions to RFC authors, RFC 2223 [3]).
161
162 The defining document for an alternative tree may require public
163 exposure and/or review for schemes defined in that tree via a
164 mechanism other than the IETF Internet-Draft mechanism.
165
166 URL schemes created in an alternative tree must conform to the
167 generic URL syntax, RFC 2396. The tree's defining document may set
168 forth additional syntax and semantics requirements above and
169 beyond those specified in RFC 2396.
170
171 All new URL schemes SHOULD follow the Guidelines for URL Schemes,
172 set forth in RFC [URL-GUIDELINES] [2].
173
174 An analysis of the security issues inherent in the new URL scheme is
175 encouraged. Regardless of what security analysis is or is not
176 performed, all descriptions of security issues must be as accurate
177 as possible. In particular, a statement that there are "no security
178 issues associated with this scheme" must not be confused with "the
179 security issues associates with this scheme have not been assessed"
180 or "the security issues associated with this scheme cannot be
181 predicted because of <reason>".
182
183 There is absolutely no requirement that URL schemes created in an
184 alternative tree be secure or completely free from risks.
185 Nevertheless, the tree's defining document must set forth the
186 standard for security considerations, and in any event all known
187 security risks SHOULD be identified.
188
189 Change control must be defined for a new tree. Change control may
190 be vested in the IETF, or in an individual, group or other entity.
191 The change control standard for the tree must be approved by the
192 IESG.
193
194 The syntax for alternative trees shall be as follows: each tree will
195 be identified by a unique prefix, which must be established in the
196 same fashion as a URL scheme name in the IETF tree, except that the
197 prefix must be defined by a Standards Track document. Scheme names
198 in the new tree are then constructed by prepending the prefix to an
199 identifier unique to each scheme in that tree, as prescribed by that
200 tree's identifying document:
201
202 <prefix>'-'<tree-specific identifier>
203
204 For instance, the "foo" tree would allow creation of scheme names of
205 the form: "foo-blahblah:" and "foo-bar:", where the tree prescribes
206 an arbitrary USASCII string following the tree's unique prefix.
207
208
209 4.0 Registration Procedures
210
211 4.1 The IETF Tree
212
213 The first step in registering a new URL scheme in the IETF tree is
214 to publish an IETF Internet-Draft detailing the syntax and
215 semantics of the proposed scheme. The draft must, minimally,
216 address all of the items covered by the template provided in section
217 6 of this document.
218
219 After all issues raised during a review period of no less than 4
220 weeks have been addressed, submit the draft to the IESG for review.
221
222 The IESG will review the proposed new scheme and either refer the
223 scheme to a working group (existing or new) or directly present the
224 scheme to the IESG for a last call. In the former case, the working
225 group is responsible for submitting a final version of the draft to
226 the IESG for approval at such time as it has received adequate
227 review and deliberation.
228
229
230 4.2 Alternative Trees
231
232
233 Registration of URL schemes created in an alternative tree may be
234 formal, through IETF documents, IANA registration, or other
235 acknowledged organization; informal, through a mailing list or
236 other publication mechanism; or nonexistent. The registration
237 mechanism must be documented for each alternative tree, and must be
238 consistent for all URL scheme names created in that tree.
239
240 It is the responsibility of the creator of the tree's registration
241 requirements to establish that the registration mechanism is
242 workable as described; it is within the discretion of the IESG to
243 reject the document describing a tree if it determines the
244 registration mechanism is impractical or creates an undue burden on
245 a party who will not accept it. (For instance, if an IANA
246 registration mechanism is proposed, IESG might reject the tree if
247 its mechanism would create undue liability on the part of IANA.)
248
249 While the template in section 6 of this document is intended to
250 apply to URL scheme names in the IETF tree, it is also offered as a
251 guideline for those documenting alternative trees.
252
253
254 5.0 Change Control
255
256 5.1 Schemes in the IETF Tree
257
258 URL schemes created in the IETF tree are "owned" by the IETF itself
259 and may be changed, as needed, by updating the RFC that describes
260 them. Schemes described by Standards Track RFC but be replaced with
261 new Standards Track RFCs. Informational RFCs may be replaced by new
262 Informational RFCs or Standards Track RFCs.
263
264
265 5.2 Schemes in Alternative Trees
266
267 URL schemes in an alternative tree that are undocumented (as allowed
268 by that tree's rules) may be changed by their owner at any time
269 without notifying the IETF.
270
271 URL schemes created in an alternative tree that have been documented
272 by an Informational RFC, may be changed at any time by the owner,
273 however, an updated Informational RFC which details the changes
274 made, must be submitted to the IESG.
275
276 The owner of a URL scheme registered in an alternative tree and
277 documented by an Informational RFC may pass responsibility for the
278 registration to another person or agency by informing the IESG.
279
280 The IESG may reassign responsibility for a URL scheme registered in
281 an alternative tree and documented by an Informational RFC. The
282 most common case of this will be to enable changes to be made to
283 schemes where the scheme name is privately owned by the rules of its
284 tree, and the owner of the scheme name has died, moved out of
285 contact or is otherwise unable to make changes that are important to
286 the community.
287
288 The IESG may reclassify a URL scheme created in an alternative tree
289 and documented via an Informational RFC as "historic" if it
290 determines that the scheme is no longer in use.
291
292
293 6.0 Registration Template
294
295 The following issues should be addressed when documenting a new URL
296 scheme:
297
298 URL scheme name.
299
300 URL scheme syntax. This should be expressed in a clear and
301 concise manner. The use of ABNF is encouraged. Please refer to
302 RFC [URL-GUIDELINES] for guidance on designing and explaining
303 your scheme's syntax.
304
305 Character encoding considerations. It is important to identify
306 what your scheme supports in this regard. It is obvious that for
307 interoperability, it is best if there is a means to support
308 character sets beyond USASCII, but especially for private
309 schemes, this may not be the case.
310
311 Intended usage. What sort of resource is being identified? If
312 this is not a 'resource' type of URL (e.g. mailto:), explain the
313 action that should be initiated by the consumer of the URL. If
314 there is a MIME type associated with this resource, please
315 identify it.
316
317 Applications and/or protocols which use this URL scheme name.
318 Including references to documentation which defines the
319 applications and/or protocols cited is especially useful.
320
321 Interoperability considerations. If you are aware of any details
322 regarding your scheme which might impact interoperability, please
323 identify them here. For example: proprietary or uncommon
324 encoding method; inability to support multibyte character sets;
325 incompatibility with types or versions of underlying protocol
326 (if scheme is tunneled over another protocol).
327
328 Security considerations.
329
330 Relevant publications.
331
332 Person & email address to contact for further information.
333
334 Author/Change controller.
335
336
337 Applications and/or protocols which use this URL scheme name.
338
339
340
341 7.0 Security Considerations
342
343 Information that creates or updates a registration needs to be
344 authenticated.
345
346 Information concerning possible security vulnerabilities of a
347 protocol may change over time. Consequently, claims as to the
348 security properties of a registered URL scheme may change as well.
349 As new vulnerabilities are discovered, information about such
350 vulnerabilities may need to be attached to existing documentation,
351 so that users are not misled as to the true security properties of a
352 registered URL scheme.
353
354 If the IESG agrees to delegate the registration and change control
355 functions of an alternative tree to a group or individual outside of
356 the IETF, that group or individual should have sufficient security
357 procedures in place to authenticate registration changes.
358
359
360 8.0 References
361
362 [1] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., Masinter, L., "Uniform Resource
363 Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396, August 1998
364
365 [2] Masinter, L., Alvestrand, H., Zigmond, D., Petke, R.,
366 "Guidelines for new URL Schemes", RFC [URL-GUIDELINES], August
367 1998
368
369 [3] Postel, J., Reynolds, J., "Instructions to RFC Authors",
370 RFC 2223, October 1997.
371
372
373 9.0 Authors' Address
374
375 Rich Petke
376 UUNET Technologies
377 5000 Britton Road
378 P. O. Box 5000
379 Hilliard, OH 43026-5000
380 USA
381 Phone: +1 614 723 4157
382 Fax: +1 614 723 8407
383 Email: rpetke@wcom.net
384
385 Ian King
386 Microsoft Corporation
387 One Microsoft Way
388 Redmond, WA 98052-6399
389 USA
390 Phone: +1 425-703-2293
391 FAX: +1 425-936-7329
392 Email: iking@microsoft.com
393

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