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2     INTERNET-DRAFT R. Petke
3     <draft-ietf-urlreg-procedures-05.txt> MCI WorldCom Advanced Networks
4     I. King
5     Microsoft Corporation
6     January 25, 1999
7    
8    
9    
10     Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names
11    
12    
13    
14     Status of this Memo
15    
16     This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working
17     documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas,
18     and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
19     working documents as Internet-Drafts.
20    
21     Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
22     months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents
23     at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as
24     reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
25    
26     To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please check the
27     "1id-abstracts.txt" listing contained in the Internet-Drafts Shadow
28     Directories on ftp.ietf.org (US East Coast), nic.nordu.net
29     (Europe), ftp.isi.edu (US West Coast), or munnari.oz.au (Pacific
30     Rim).
31    
32     Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
33    
34     This Internet-Draft expires July 25, 1999.
35    
36     Copyright Notice
37    
38     Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
39    
40     Abstract
41    
42     This document defines the process by which new URL scheme names are
43     registered.
44    
45    
46     1.0 Introduction
47    
48     A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a compact string representation
49     of the location for a resource that is available via the Internet.
50     RFC 2396 [1] defines the general syntax and semantics of URIs, and,
51     by inclusion, URLs. URLs are designated by including a "<scheme>:"
52     and then a "<scheme-specific-part>". Many URL schemes are already
53     defined, however, new schemes may need to be defined in the future
54     in order to accommodate new Internet protocols and/or procedures.
55    
56     A registration process is needed to ensure that the names of all
57     such new schemes are guaranteed not to collide. Further, the
58     registration process ensures that URL schemes intended for wide
59     spread, public use are developed in an orderly, well-specified, and
60     public manner.
61    
62     This document defines the registration procedures to be followed
63     when new URL schemes are created. A separate document, RFC
64     [URL-GUIDELINES], Guidelines for URL Schemes [2], provides
65     guidelines for the creation of new URL schemes. The primary focus
66     of this document is on the <scheme> portion of new URL schemes,
67     referred to as the "scheme name" throughout this document.
68    
69    
70     2.0 URL Scheme Name Registration Trees
71    
72     2.1 General
73    
74     In order to increase the efficiency and flexibility of the URL
75     scheme name registration process, the need is recognized for
76     multiple registration "trees". The registration requirements and
77     specific registration procedures for each tree differ, allowing the
78     overall registration procedure to accommodate the different natural
79     requirements for URL schemes. For example, a scheme that will be
80     recommended for wide support and implementation by the Internet
81     community requires a more complete review than a scheme intended to
82     be used for resources associated with proprietary software.
83    
84     The first step in registering a new URL scheme name is to determine
85     which registration tree the scheme should be registered in.
86     Determination of the proper registration tree is based on the
87     intended use for the new scheme and the desired syntax for the
88     scheme name.
89    
90     This document will discuss in detail the tree that reflects current
91     practice, under IETF ownership and control. It will also set forth
92     an outline to assist authors in creating new trees to address
93     differing needs for wide acceptance and interoperability, ease of
94     creation and use, and type and "strength" of ownership.
95    
96    
97     2.2 The IETF Tree
98    
99     The IETF tree is intended for URL schemes of general interest to the
100     Internet community. The tree exists for URL schemes that require a
101     substantive review and approval process. It is expected that
102     applicability statements for particular applications will be
103     published from time to time that recommend implementation of, and
104     support for, URL schemes that have proven particularly useful in
105     those contexts.
106    
107    
108    
109     2.3 Additional Registration Trees
110    
111     From time to time and as required by the community, the IESG may
112     create new top-level registration trees. These trees may require
113     significant, little or no registration, and may allow change control
114     to rest in the hands of individuals or groups other than IETF. A
115     new tree should only be created if an existing tree can be shown to
116     fail in providing for a clear and specific need of some sector of
117     the community.
118    
119    
120     3.0 Requirements for Scheme Name Registration
121    
122     3.1 General Requirements
123    
124     All new URL scheme NAMES, regardless of registration tree, MUST
125     conform to the syntax specified in RFC 2396 for scheme NAMES.
126    
127    
128     3.2 The IETF Tree
129    
130     Registration in the IETF tree requires publication of the URL scheme
131     syntax and semantics in either an Informational or Standards Track
132     RFC.
133    
134     In addition to having a conforming scheme NAME (see section 3.1),
135     all new URL schemes registered in the IETF tree, MUST conform to the
136     generic syntax for URLs as specified in RFC 2396.
137    
138     An analysis of the security issues inherent in the new URL scheme is
139     REQUIRED. (This is in accordance with the basic requirements for
140     all IETF protocols.) There is absolutely no requirement that all
141     URL schemes registered in the IETF tree be secure or completely free
142     from risks. Nevertheless, all known security risks must be
143     identified.
144    
145     The "owner" of a URL scheme name registered in the IETF tree is
146     assumed to be the IETF itself. Modification or alteration of the
147     specification requires the same level of processing (e.g.
148     Informational or Standards Track RFC) as used for the initial
149     registration. Schemes originally defined via an Informational RFC
150     may, however, be replaced with Standards Track documents.
151    
152    
153     3.3 Alternative Trees
154    
155     While public exposure and review of a URL scheme created in an
156     alternative tree is not required, using the IETF Internet-Draft
157     mechanism for peer review is strongly encouraged to improve the
158     quality of the specification. RFC publication of alternative tree
159     URL schemes is encouraged but not required. Material may be
160     published as an Informational RFC by sending it to the RFC Editor
161     (please follow the instructions to RFC authors, RFC 2223 [3]).
162    
163     The defining document for an alternative tree may require public
164     exposure and/or review for schemes defined in that tree via a
165     mechanism other than the IETF Internet-Draft mechanism.
166    
167     URL schemes created in an alternative tree are encouraged to conform
168     to the generic URL syntax, RFC 2396, but are not required to do so.
169     However, the tree's defining document must set forth the strength of
170     this requirement.
171    
172     All new URL schemes SHOULD follow the Guidelines for URL Schemes,
173     set forth in RFC [URL-GUIDELINES] [2].
174    
175     While not required, an analysis of the security issues inherent in
176     the new URL scheme is encouraged. Regardless of what security
177     analysis is or is not performed, all descriptions of security issues
178     must be as accurate as possible. In particular, a statement that
179     there are "no security issues associated with this scheme" must not
180     be confused with "the security issues associates with this scheme
181     have not been assessed" or "the security issues associated with this
182     scheme cannot be predicted because of <reason>".
183    
184     There is absolutely no requirement that URL schemes created in an
185     alternative tree be secure or completely free from risks.
186     Nevertheless, the tree's defining document must set forth the
187     standard for security considerations, and in any event all known
188     security risks SHOULD be identified.
189    
190     Change control must be defined for a new tree. Change control may
191     be vested in the IETF, or in an individual, group or other entity.
192     The change control standard for the tree must be approved by the
193     IESG.
194    
195     The syntax for alternative trees shall be as follows: each tree will
196     be identified by a unique prefix, which must be established in the
197     same fashion as a URL scheme name in the IETF tree, except that the
198     prefix must be defined by a Standards Track document. Scheme names
199     in the new tree are then constructed by prepending the prefix to an
200     identifier unique to each scheme in that tree, as prescribed by that
201     tree's identifying document:
202    
203     <prefix>'-'<tree-specific identifier>
204    
205     For instance, the "foo" tree would allow creation of scheme names of
206     the form: "foo-blahblah:" and "foo-bar:", where the tree prescribes
207     an arbitrary USASCII string following the tree's unique prefix.
208    
209    
210     4.0 Registration Procedures
211    
212     4.1 The IETF Tree
213    
214     The first step in registering a new URL scheme in the IETF tree is
215     to publish an IETF Internet-Draft detailing the syntax and
216     semantics of the proposed scheme. The draft must, minimally,
217     address all of the items covered by the template provided in section
218     6 of this document.
219    
220     After all issues raised during a review period of no less than 4
221     weeks have been addressed, submit the draft to the IESG for review.
222    
223     The IESG will review the proposed new scheme and either refer the
224     scheme to a working group (existing or new) or directly present the
225     scheme to the IESG for a last call. In the former case, the working
226     group is responsible for submitting a final version of the draft to
227     the IESG for approval at such time as it has received adequate
228     review and deliberation.
229    
230    
231     4.2 Alternative Trees
232    
233    
234     Registration of URL schemes created in an alternative tree may be
235     formal, through IETF documents, IANA registration, or other
236     acknowledged organization; informal, through a mailing list or
237     other publication mechanism; or nonexistent. The registration
238     mechanism must be documented for each alternative tree, and must be
239     consistent for all URL scheme names created in that tree.
240    
241     It is the responsibility of the creator of the tree's registration
242     requirements to establish that the registration mechanism is
243     workable as described; it is within the discretion of the IESG to
244     reject the document describing a tree if it determines the
245     registration mechanism is impractical or creates an undue burden on
246     a party who will not accept it. (For instance, if an IANA
247     registration mechanism is proposed, IESG might reject the tree if
248     its mechanism would create undue liability on the part of IANA.)
249    
250     While the template in section 6 of this document is intended to
251     apply to URL scheme names in the IETF tree, it is also offered as a
252     guideline for those documenting alternative trees.
253    
254    
255     5.0 Change Control
256    
257     5.1 Schemes in the IETF Tree
258    
259     URL schemes created in the IETF tree are "owned" by the IETF itself
260     and may be changed, as needed, by updating the RFC that describes
261     them. Schemes described by Standards Track RFC but be replaced with
262     new Standards Track RFCs. Informational RFCs may be replaced by new
263     Informational RFCs or Standards Track RFCs.
264    
265    
266     5.2 Schemes in Alternative Trees
267    
268     Undocumented URL schemes created in an alternative tree may be
269     changed by their owner at any time without notifying the IETF.
270    
271     URL schemes created in an alternative tree that have been documented
272     by an Informational RFC, may be changed at any time by the owner,
273     however, an updated Informational RFC which details the changes
274     made, must be submitted to the IESG.
275    
276     The owner of a URL scheme registered in an alternative tree and
277     documented by an Informational RFC may pass responsibility for the
278     registration to another person or agency by informing the IESG.
279    
280     The IESG may reassign responsibility for a URL scheme registered in
281     an alternative tree and documented by an Informational RFC. The
282     most common case of this will be to enable changes to be made to
283     schemes where the scheme name is privately owned by the rules of its
284     tree, and the owner of the scheme name has died, moved out of
285     contact or is otherwise unable to make changes that are important to
286     the community.
287    
288     The IESG may reclassify a URL scheme created in an alternative tree
289     and documented via an Informational RFC as "historic" if it
290     determines that the scheme is no longer in use.
291    
292    
293     6.0 Registration Template
294    
295     The following issues should be addressed when documenting a new URL
296     scheme:
297    
298     URL scheme name.
299    
300     URL scheme syntax. This should be expressed in a clear and
301     concise manner. The use of ABNF is encouraged. Please refer to
302     RFC [URL-GUIDELINES] for guidance on designing and explaining
303     your scheme's syntax.
304    
305     Character encoding considerations. It is important to identify
306     what your scheme supports in this regard. It is obvious that for
307     interoperability, it is best if there is a means to support
308     character sets beyond USASCII, but especially for private
309     schemes, this may not be the case.
310    
311     Intended usage. What sort of resource is being identified? If
312     this is not a 'resource' type of URL (e.g. mailto:), explain the
313     action that should be initiated by the consumer of the URL. If
314     there is a MIME type associated with this resource, please
315     identify it.
316    
317     Applications and/or protocols which use this URL scheme name.
318    
319     Interoperability considerations. If you are aware of any details
320     regarding your scheme which might impact interoperability, please
321     identify them here. For example: proprietary or uncommon
322     encoding method; inability to support multibyte character sets;
323     incompatibility with types or versions of underlying protocol
324     (if scheme is tunneled over another protocol).
325    
326     Security considerations.
327    
328     Relevant publications.
329    
330     Person & email address to contact for further information.
331    
332     Author/Change controller.
333    
334    
335     Applications and/or protocols which use this URL scheme name.
336    
337    
338    
339     7.0 Security Considerations
340    
341     Information that creates or updates a registration needs to be
342     authenticated.
343    
344     Information concerning possible security vulnerabilities of a
345     protocol may change over time. Consequently, claims as to the
346     security properties of a registered URL scheme may change as well.
347     As new vulnerabilities are discovered, information about such
348     vulnerabilities may need to be attached to existing documentation,
349     so that users are not misled as to the true security properties of a
350     registered URL scheme.
351    
352     If the IESG agrees to delegate the registration and change control
353     functions of an alternative tree to a group or individual outside of
354     the IETF, that group or individual should have sufficient security
355     procedures in place to authenticate registration changes.
356    
357    
358     8.0 References
359    
360     [1] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., Masinter, L., "Uniform Resource
361     Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396, August 1998
362    
363     [2] Masinter, L., Alvestrand, H., Zigmond, D., Petke, R.,
364     "Guidelines for new URL Schemes", RFC [URL-GUIDELINES], August
365     1998
366    
367     [3] Postel, J., Reynolds, J., "Instructions to RFC Authors",
368     RFC 2223, October 1997.
369    
370    
371     9.0 Authors' Address
372    
373     Rich Petke
374     MCI WorldCom Advanced Networks
375     5000 Britton Road
376     P. O. Box 5000
377     Hilliard, OH 43026-5000
378     USA
379     Phone: +1 614 723 4157
380     Fax: +1 614 723 8407
381     EMail: rpetke@wcom.net
382    
383     Ian King
384     Microsoft Corporation
385     One Microsoft Way
386     Redmond, WA 98052-6399
387     USA
388     Phone: +1 425-703-2293
389     FAX: +1 425-936-7329
390     Email: iking@microsoft.com
391    

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