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1 wakaba 1.1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2     <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">
3     <head>
4 wakaba 1.2 <title>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (SSFT) Specification</title>
5 wakaba 1.1 <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">
6     <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">
7     </head>
8     <body class="has-abstract">
9    
10     <div class="header">
11 wakaba 1.2 <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)
12     Specification</h1>
13 wakaba 1.11 <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-10-22>22 October 2007</time></h2>
14 wakaba 1.1
15     <dl class="versions-uri">
16     <dt>This Version</dt>
17     <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
18     >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
19     <dt>Latest Version</dt>
20     <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
21     >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
22     <!--
23     <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>
24     -->
25     <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->
26 wakaba 1.5 <dt>Version History</dt>
27     <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>
28 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
29     <dl class="authors" id="author">
30     <dt>Author</dt>
31     <dd><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author"
32     lang=ja>Wakaba</a>
33     <code class="mail">&lt;<a href="mailto:w@suika.fam.cx" rel="author"
34     >w@suika.fam.cx</a>&gt;</code></dd>
35     </dl>
36    
37 wakaba 1.5 <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; <time>2007</time> <a
38 wakaba 1.1 href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author">Wakaba</a>.
39     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
40     under the terms of the <a rel="license"
41     href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>,
42     Version 1.2
43     or any later version published by the <a
44     href="http://www.fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>;
45     with no Invariant Sections, no Front$B!>(BCover Texts, and no Back$B!>(BCover
46     Texts. A copy of the license is
47     available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a
48     href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"
49     rel="license">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html</a>&gt;</code>.</p>
50     </div>
51    
52     <div id="abstract" class="section">
53     <h2>Abstract</h2>
54    
55     <div class="ed issue">...</div>
56    
57     </div>
58    
59     <div id="status" class="section">
60     <h2>Status of This Document</h2>
61    
62 wakaba 1.5 <p class=section-info><em>This section describes the status of this document
63 wakaba 1.1 at the time of its publication. Other documents
64     might supersede this document.</em></p>
65    
66 wakaba 1.10 <p>This document is a working draft, produced as part of the
67     <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/html/whatpm/readme">Whatpm</a>
68     subproject
69 wakaba 1.5 of the <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/manakai-core/doc/web/">manakai</a>
70     project. It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
71 wakaba 1.1 other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to
72     cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>
73    
74     <p>Comments on this document are welcome and
75     may be sent to the <a href="#author">author</a>.</p>
76    
77     <p>Translations of thie document might be available.
78     The English version of the document is the only
79     normative version.</p>
80     </div>
81    
82     <div id="introduction" class="section">
83     <h2>Introduction</h2>
84    
85 wakaba 1.7 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
86 wakaba 1.5
87     <p>Selectors
88     <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-SELECTORS">SELECTORS</a>]</cite>
89     are patterns that match against elements
90     in a tree structure and are used in Web technologies, including
91     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21"><abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr></a>
92     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSS">CSS</a>]</cite>,
93     <a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr>5</a>
94     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-HTML5">HTML5</a>]</cite>,
95     <a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr title="XML Binding Language">XBL</abbr>2</a>
96     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-XBL2">XBL2</a>]</cite>, and
97     <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors
98     <abbr>API</abbr></a>
99     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-SAPI">SAPI</a>]</cite>.</p>
100 wakaba 1.4
101 wakaba 1.1 <div class="issue ed">...</div>
102    
103 wakaba 1.4 <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The
104     <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>
105     specification</a>
106 wakaba 1.5 <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSSOM">CSSOM</a>]</cite>
107 wakaba 1.4 is trying to define an algorithm to
108     <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8#serializing0">serialize
109     a group of selectors</a> for the purpose of <code>selectorText</code>
110     attribute. However, the algorithm is incomplete
111 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2007-09-25>at the time of the writing</time>.
112     Note that current Web browser implementations
113 wakaba 1.4 of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken
114     in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>
115    
116 wakaba 1.1 </div>
117    
118     <div class="section" id="terminology">
119     <h2>Terminology</h2>
120    
121 wakaba 1.10 <p>The key words <q><dfn id=must><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></dfn></q>,
122     <q><dfn id=must-not><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></dfn></q>,
123     <q><dfn id=should><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></dfn></q>,
124     <q><dfn id=should-not><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD NOT</em></dfn></q>, and
125     <q><dfn id=may><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></dfn></q> in this
126 wakaba 1.1 document are to be interpreted as described in
127 wakaba 1.5 <a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr>
128     2119</a>
129 wakaba 1.1 <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>
130 wakaba 1.5
131     <!-- Strictly speaking the paragraph below is not part of terminology. -->
132 wakaba 1.7 <p>All examples and notes in this specification are non$B!>(Bnormative,
133     as are all sections explicitly marked non$B!>(Bnormative. Everything
134 wakaba 1.5 else in this specification is normative.</p>
135 wakaba 1.7
136     <p>For the purpose of this specification, pseudo$B!>(Belements are also
137     referred to as <dfn title="simple selector" id=simple-selector>simple
138     selectors</dfn> and are considered as part of the last sequence of
139     simple selector in a selector.</p>
140 wakaba 1.1 </div>
141    
142     <div class="section" id="serializing">
143     <h2>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h2>
144    
145     <div class="issue ed">
146     <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/*checkout*/markup/html/whatpm/Whatpm/CSS/SelectorsSerializer.pm">See the reference implementation</a>
147     for now.</p>
148     </div>
149 wakaba 1.3
150 wakaba 1.8 <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
151     representation is defined for an invalid group of selectors.</p>
152    
153     <div class="note memo">
154     <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>
155     </div>
156 wakaba 1.3
157 wakaba 1.4 <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->
158    
159 wakaba 1.7 <p>To
160     <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize
161     a group of selectors (<dfn id=var-gs><var>gs</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
162 wakaba 1.3 <ol>
163 wakaba 1.6 <li>Let <dfn id=var-result><var>result</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
164     <li>For each selector (<dfn id=var-selector><var>selector</var></dfn>) in
165     <var>gs</var>:
166 wakaba 1.3 <ol>
167     <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector
168     in the group of selectors, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>
169 wakaba 1.7 <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a
170 wakaba 1.3 <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
171     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
172     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
173     <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or
174     combinator in <var>selector</var> by following algorithm:
175     <dl class=switch>
176 wakaba 1.6 <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector
177     (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>
178 wakaba 1.9 <dd>
179     <ol>
180     <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
181     each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>
182     <li class=ed>sort</li>
183     <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
184     </ol>
185     </dd>
186 wakaba 1.6 <dt>If it is a combinator (<dfn id=var-c><var>c</var></dfn>)</dt>
187 wakaba 1.3 <dd>
188     <ol>
189     <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>
190     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
191     <li>
192     <dl class=switch>
193     <dt>If <var>c</var> is descendant combinator (white space)</dt>
194     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
195     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
196     <var>result</var>.</dd>
197     <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator
198     (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>
199     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>
200 wakaba 1.7 <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code>
201     (<code class=char>></code>) character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
202 wakaba 1.3 <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator
203     (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>
204 wakaba 1.5 <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002B</code>
205 wakaba 1.7 <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>)
206     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
207 wakaba 1.3 <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator
208     (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>
209     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>
210 wakaba 1.7 <code class=charname>TILDE</code> (<code class=char>~</code>)
211     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
212 wakaba 1.3 </dl>
213     </li>
214     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
215     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
216     <var>result</var>.</li>
217     </ol>
218     </dd>
219     </dl>
220     </ol>
221     </li>
222     <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the
223 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
224     representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>
225 wakaba 1.3 </ol>
226 wakaba 1.6
227 wakaba 1.7 <p>To
228     <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
229     a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>ss</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
230 wakaba 1.6 <dl class=switch>
231     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>
232 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
233     <ol>
234     <li>
235     <dl class=switch>
236     <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or
237     by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>
238     <dd class="ed">@@</dd>
239     <dt>If the null namespace is specified (by zero$B!>(Blength namespace
240     prefix)</dt>
241     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
242     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
243     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
244     <dt>If no namespace is specified (by namespace prefix <code>*</code>,
245     or by omitting namespace prefix where no default namespace is
246     specified)</dt>
247     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
248     <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
249     character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
250     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
251     character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
252     </dl>
253     </li>
254     <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the
255 wakaba 1.11 <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
256     local name to <var>result</var>.</li>
257 wakaba 1.7 <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append
258     a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
259     (<code class=char>*</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
260     </ol>
261     </dd>
262     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an attribute selector</dt>
263 wakaba 1.9 <dd>
264     <ol>
265     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
266     SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>[</code>) to
267     <var>result</var>.</li>
268     <li>
269     Append a namespace prefix as following:
270     <dl>
271     <dt>If a namespace URI is specified</dt>
272     <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
273     <dd class=ed>@@ Current reference implementation is wrong,
274     since its result of sorting depends on namespace prefix.</dd>
275     <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>
276     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
277     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to
278     <var>result</var>.</dd>
279     <dt>If no namespace is specified</dt>
280     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
281     <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
282     character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
283     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
284     character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
285     </dl>
286     </li>
287 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
288     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
289     local name to <var>result</var>.</li>
290 wakaba 1.9 <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:
291     <ol>
292     <li>Depending on the way to match, append <code>=</code>,
293     <code>~=</code>, <code>|=</code>, <code>^=</code>,
294     <code>$=</code>, or <code>*=</code> to <var>result</var>.</li>
295 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
296     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
297     value to <var>result</var>.</li>
298 wakaba 1.9 </ol>
299     </li>
300     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
301     SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>]</code>) to
302     <var>result</var>.</li>
303     </ol>
304     </dd>
305 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>
306     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL
307     STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed
308 wakaba 1.11 by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
309     class name, <var>result</var>.</dd>
310 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>
311     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER
312     SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed
313 wakaba 1.11 by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
314     <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
315 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>
316     <dd>
317     <ol>
318     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+003A</code>
319     <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character
320     to <var>result</var>.</li>
321 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
322     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
323     name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to <var>result</var>.</li>
324 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append any arguments as following:
325     <dl class=switch>
326 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>
327 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
328     <ol>
329     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
330     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
331     to <var>result</var>.</li>
332 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
333     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
334 wakaba 1.7 language tag (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>
335     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
336     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
337     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
338     to <var>result</var>.</li>
339     </ol>
340     </dd>
341 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is
342     <code>-manakai-contains</code></dt>
343 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
344     <ol>
345     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
346     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
347     to <var>result</var>.</li>
348 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
349     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
350 wakaba 1.7 string (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>
351     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
352     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
353     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
354     to <var>result</var>.</li>
355     </ol>
356     </dd>
357 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is either <code>nth-child</code>,
358 wakaba 1.7 <code>nth-last-child</code>, <code>nth-of-type</code>, or
359     <code>nth-last-of-type</code></dt>
360     <dd>
361     <ol>
362     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
363     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
364     to <var>result</var>.</li>
365     <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
366     integer <var>a</var> to <var>result</var>.
367     If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,
368     <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>. If <var>a</var> and
369     <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as
370     <code>0</code>. Otherwise, if <var>a</var> is omitted,
371     it is assumed as <code>1</code> (or <code>-1</code>,
372     if there is a <code class=char>U+002D</code>
373     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
374     character).</li>
375     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>
376     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>
377     (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
378     <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
379     integer <var>b</var> to <var>result</var>.
380     It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,
381     either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS
382     SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or
383     <code class=char>U+002D</code>
384     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
385     character. If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>,
386     <var>b</var> is <code>1</code>. If the argument
387     is a keyword <code>even</code>, <var>b</var> is
388     <code>0</code>. If <var>b</var> is omitted, it is assumed as
389     <code>0</code>. The sign of <code>0</code>
390     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code class=char>U+002B</code>
391     <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>
392     (<code class=char>+</code>).</li>
393     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
394     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
395     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
396     to <var>result</var>.</li>
397     </ol>
398     </dd>
399 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>not</code></dt>
400     <dd>
401     <ol>
402     <li>Append a string of <code class=char>U+003A</code>
403     <code class=charname>COLON</code>, <code class=char>U+006E</code>
404     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>,
405     <code class=char>U+006F</code> <code class=charname>LATIN
406     SMALL LETTER O</code>, <code class=char>U+0074</code>
407     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER T</code>, and
408     <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
409     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code>:not(</code>), followed by a
410     <a href="#newline">newline</a>, to <var>result</var>.</li>
411     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
412     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
413     <var>result</var>.</li>
414     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
415     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
416     <var>result</var> again.</li>
417     <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
418     the simple selector specified as the argument to the
419     <code>not</code> pseudo$B!>(Bclass</a>.</li>
420     <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to
421     <var>result</var>.</li>
422     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
423     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
424     <var>result</var>.</li>
425     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
426     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
427     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
428     to <var>result</var>.</li>
429     </ol>
430     </dd>
431 wakaba 1.7 </dl>
432     </li>
433     </ol>
434     </dd>
435     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Belement</dt>
436     <dd>
437     <ol>
438     <li>Append two <code class=char>U+003A</code>
439     <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)
440     to <var>result</var>.</li>
441 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
442     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
443     name of the pseudo$B!>(Belement to <var>result</var>.</li>
444 wakaba 1.7 <!-- For future version: append "(", arguments, ")", if any. -->
445     </ol>
446     </dd>
447 wakaba 1.6 </dl>
448 wakaba 1.1
449 wakaba 1.11 <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize
450     an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
451     <ol>
452     <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
453     characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them
454     respectively.</li>
455     <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
456     <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
457     (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>
458     <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
459     (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
460     <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
461     <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
462     A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
463     <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
464     <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
465     (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
466     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
467     (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
468     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
469     <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
470     <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
471     <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
472     <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
473     hexadecimal representation of the character. If the character
474     is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
475     <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
476     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
477     <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is one of
478     <code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
479     (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
480     <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
481     then prepend a string <code>\00003</code> at the beginning of
482     <var>n</var>.</li>
483     <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is <code class=char>U+002D</code>
484     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>) and
485     the second character, if any, is <em>not</em> one of
486     <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
487     A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
488     <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
489     <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
490     (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
491     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
492     (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
493     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
494     <code>U+0080</code> to <code>U+D7FF</code>, or
495     <code>U+E000</code> to <code>U+10FFFF</code>, or
496     <var>n</var> is equal to <code class=char>U+002D</code>
497     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>), then
498     replace the <code class=char>U+002D</code>
499     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
500     character by string <code>\00002D</code>.</li>
501     <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
502     </ol>
503    
504     <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize
505     a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
506     <ol>
507     <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
508     characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them
509     (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by
510     newline character(s)) respectively.</li>
511     <li>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>
512     if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</li>
513     <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
514     <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,
515     <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
516     (<code class=char>!</code>), <code class=char>U+0023</code>
517     <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) to
518     <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT SQUARE
519     BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
520     SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
521     <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
522     <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
523     <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
524     hexadecimal representation of the character. If the character
525     is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
526     <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
527     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
528     <li>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
529     MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the beginning of <var>s</var>.</li>
530     <li>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
531     MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the end of <var>s</var>.</li>
532     <li>Then, <var>s</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
533     </ol>
534 wakaba 1.8
535     <p>A <dfn id=newline title=newline>newline</dfn>
536     <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be represented as a
537     <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
538     character. However, depending on the context where
539     the <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
540     representation is in use, a sequence of
541     <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
542     followed by a <code class=char>U+000A</code>
543 wakaba 1.9 <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> (i.e. a
544     <code>CRLF</code> sequence) or a character
545 wakaba 1.8 <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
546 wakaba 1.9 <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used as a <a href="#newline">newline</a> instead.
547     <a href="#newline">Newline</a> representations
548     <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be consistent in an
549     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
550     representation.</p>
551 wakaba 1.8
552     <div class="note memo">
553 wakaba 1.9 <p>Therefore, newlines must be normalized before
554 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
555 wakaba 1.9 representations are literally compared.</p>
556 wakaba 1.8 </div>
557    
558 wakaba 1.1 </div>
559    
560     <div class="section" id="parsing">
561     <h2>Parsing
562 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
563 wakaba 1.1 Groups of Selectors</h2>
564    
565     <p>Since <a href="#serializing">the serializing algorithm</a> is
566     so designed that it always output a valid
567     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
568 wakaba 1.8 selectors</a>, no special parser for the
569     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
570     representation is necessary. Any conforming parser for
571     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
572     selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used
573     to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
574     representations of groups of selectors.</p>
575 wakaba 1.1 </div>
576    
577     <div class="section" id="examples">
578     <h2>Examples</h2>
579    
580 wakaba 1.7 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
581 wakaba 1.1
582     <div class="ed issue">
583     <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/2007/css/parser-interface">Try demo</a>,
584 wakaba 1.7 by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio button.</p>
585 wakaba 1.1
586     <div class="example figure block">
587     <div class="caption">...</div>
588    
589     <pre><code>...</code></pre>
590     </div>
591    
592     </div>
593    
594     </div>
595    
596     <div id="references" class="section reference">
597 wakaba 1.7 <h2>References</h2>
598 wakaba 1.1
599     <div id="normative-references" class="section normative reference">
600     <h3>Normative References</h3>
601    
602     <dl>
603     <dt id="ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</dt>
604 wakaba 1.4 <dd><cite><a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119">Key words for use in
605     <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,
606     <abbr title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>
607     <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>
608 wakaba 1.5 14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,
609     <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.
610 wakaba 1.4 This version of the specification is referenced</dd>
611 wakaba 1.1 <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>
612 wakaba 1.2 <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,
613     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,
614 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2005-12-15>15 December 2005</time>. Work in progress.
615 wakaba 1.2 <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors">The latest version</a>
616     of the specification is referenced.</dd>
617 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
618     </div>
619    
620     <div id="informative-references" class="section informative reference">
621 wakaba 1.7 <h3>Non$B!>(Bnormative References</h3>
622 wakaba 1.1
623     <dl>
624 wakaba 1.5 <dt id=ref-CSS>CSS</dt>
625     <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/CR-CSS21-20070719">Cascading
626     Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (<abbr>CSS</abbr> 2.1)
627     Specification</a></cite>,
628     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Candidate
629     Recommendation, <time datetime=2007-07-19>19 July 2007</time>.
630     Work in progress. The latest version of the specification is
631     available at
632     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21">http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21</a>></code>.</dd>
633 wakaba 1.4 <dt id=ref-CSSOM>CSSOM</dt>
634     <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Cascading
635     Style Sheets Object Model (<abbr>CSSOM</abbr>)</a></cite>,
636     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
637 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2007-06-18>18 June 2007</time>. Work in progress.
638     The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
639     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html</a>></code>.</dd>
640     <dt id=ref-HTML5>HTML5</dt>
641     <dd><cite><a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr>HTML</abbr> 5</a></cite>,
642     <abbr title="Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group">WHATWG</abbr>
643     Working Draft. Work in progress.</dd>
644     <dt id=ref-SAPI>SAPI</dt>
645     <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors <abbr>API</abbr></a></cite>,
646     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
647     <time datetime=2007-08-29>29 August 2007</time>. Work in progress.
648     The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
649     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html</a>></code>.
650     The latest published version of the specification is available at
651     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/">http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/</a>></code>.</dd>
652 wakaba 1.10 <dt id=ref-XBL2>XBL2</dt>
653 wakaba 1.5 <dd><cite><a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr>XBL</abbr>
654     2.0</a></cite>, Mozilla.org, <time datetime=2007-03-15>15 Mar 2007</time>.
655     Work in progress. The latest
656     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>$B!>(Bpublished
657     version of the specification is available at
658     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/</a>></code>.</dd>
659 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
660     </div>
661    
662     </div>
663    
664     </body>
665     </html>

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