/[pub]/test/html-webhacc/error-description-source.xml
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revision 1.2 by wakaba, Mon Jul 16 08:38:48 2007 UTC revision 1.6 by wakaba, Sat Jul 21 04:58:17 2007 UTC
# Line 14  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 14  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
14  <section id="html5-tokenize-error">  <section id="html5-tokenize-error">
15  <h2>HTML5 Parse Errors in Tokenization Stage</h2>  <h2>HTML5 Parse Errors in Tokenization Stage</h2>
16    
17    <d:item name="after html"
18        class="parse-error">
19      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
20      is not allowed after the end tag <code>&lt;/html></code>.</d:message>
21      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
22        <p>The start or end tag of an element appears after the
23        <code>html</code> element has been closed.  The document is
24        non-conforming.</p>
25    
26        <p>Any content of the document other than comments
27        must be put into the <code>html</code> element.</p>
28      </d:desc>
29    </d:item>
30    
31    <d:item name="bare ero"
32        class="tokenize-error">
33      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>&amp;</code> character must
34      introduce a reference.</d:message>
35      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
36        <p>An <code>&amp;</code> (<code>U+0026</code>
37        <code class="charname">AMPERSAND</code>) character which
38        is not part of any reference appears in the input stream.
39        The document is non-conforming.</p>
40    
41        <p>The <code>&amp;</code> character must
42        be the first character of a reference:
43          <dl>
44          <dt>Named entity reference</dt>
45              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;<var>entity-name</var>;</code></pre>
46              where <var>entity-name</var> is the name of the
47              character entity to be referenced.</dd>
48          <dt>Numeric character reference</dt>
49              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#<var>d</var>;</code></pre>
50              where <var>d</var> is the decimal representation of
51              the code position of the character to be referenced.</dd>
52          <dt>Hexadecimal character reference</dt>
53              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#x<var>h</var>;</code></pre>
54              where <var>h</var> is the hexadecimal representation
55              of the code position of the character to be referenced.</dd>
56          </dl>
57        </p>
58    
59        <p>To represent <code>&amp;</code> as a data character, use
60        named entity reference:
61          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;amp;</code></pre>
62        </p>
63      </d:desc>
64    </d:item>
65    
66    <d:item name="bare stago"
67        class="tokenize-error">
68      <d:message xml:lang="en">A <code>&lt;</code> character is not followed
69      by tag name or by a <code>!</code> character.</d:message>
70      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
71        <p>A <code>&lt;</code> (<code>U+003C</code>
72        <code class="charname">LESS-THAN SIGN</code>) character which is not part
73        of any markup appears in the input stream.</p>
74    
75        <p>The <code>&lt;</code> character as a data character must
76        be escaped as:
77        <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;lt;</code></pre>
78        </p>
79      </d:desc>
80    </d:item>
81    
82    <d:item name="bare nero"
83        class="tokenize-error">
84      <d:message xml:lang="en">The decimal representation of the code position
85      of a character must be specified after <code>&amp;#</code>.</d:message>
86      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
87        <p>An <code>&amp;</code> (<code>U+0026</code>
88        <code class="charname">AMPERSAND</code>) character immediately
89        followed by a <code>#</code> (<code>U+0023</code>
90        <code>NUMBER SIGN</code>) character which
91        is not part of any reference appears in the input stream.
92        The document is non-conforming.</p>
93    
94        <p>The string <code>&amp;#</code> must be the first two characters
95        of a reference:
96          <dl>
97          <dt>Numeric character reference</dt>
98              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#<var>d</var>;</code></pre>
99              where <var>d</var> is the decimal representation of
100              the code point of the character to be referenced.</dd>
101          <dt>Hexadecimal character reference</dt>
102              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#x<var>h</var>;</code></pre>
103              where <var>h</var> is the hexadecimal representation
104              of the code point of the character to be referenced.</dd>
105          </dl>
106        </p>
107    
108        <p>To represent <code>&amp;#</code> as data characters, use
109        a named entity reference for the <code>&amp;</code> character:
110          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;amp;#</code></pre>
111        </p>
112      </d:desc>
113    </d:item>
114    
115    <d:item name="bare hcro"
116        class="tokenize-error">
117      <d:message xml:lang="en">The hexadecimal representation of the code position
118      of a character must be specified after <code>&amp;#x</code>.</d:message>
119      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
120       <p>The string <code>&amp;#x</code> or <code>&amp;#X</code> which
121       is not part of any reference appears in the input stream.
122        The document is non-conforming.</p>
123    
124        <p>The string <code>&amp;#x</code> or <code>&amp;#X</code> must
125        be the first three characters of a hexadecimal reference:
126          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#x<var>h</var>;</code></pre>
127        where <var>h</var> is the hexadecimal representation
128        of the code point of the character to be referenced.</p>
129    
130        <p>To represent <code>&amp;#x</code> as data characters, use
131        a named entity reference for the <code>&amp;</code> character:
132          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;amp;#x</code></pre>
133        </p>
134      </d:desc>
135    </d:item>
136    
137    <d:item name="dash in comment"
138        class="tokenize-error">
139      <d:message xml:lang="en">There is a <code>--</code> sequence
140      in a comment.</d:message>
141      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
142        <p>There is a <code>-</code> (<code>U+002D</code>
143        <code class="charname">HYPHEN-MINUS</code>) character
144        at the end of the comment or a <code>--</code> sequence
145        in the comment.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
146    
147        <p>Comments cannot contain a string <code>--</code>, as in XML.
148        Unlike SGML, there cannot be more than one comments
149        (where <i>comment</i> is an SGML term) in the comment
150        declaration.</p>
151      </d:desc>
152    </d:item>
153    
154  <d:item name="duplicate attribute"  <d:item name="duplicate attribute"
155      class="tokenize-error">      class="tokenize-error">
156    <d:message xml:lang="en">There are two attributes with same name.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en">There are two attributes with name
157          <code><var>$0</var></code>.</d:message>
158    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
159      <p>Attributes must be unique in an element.  Specifying      <p>There are more than one attributes with the same
160      attributes with same name more than once is non-conforming.</p>      name in a tag.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
161    
162      <p>The <code>motion</code> attribute is not part of the HTML standard.      <p>The <code>motion</code> attribute is not part of the HTML standard.
163      Use <code>img</code> element with animation GIF instead.</p>      Use <code>img</code> element with animation GIF instead.</p>
# Line 31  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 169  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
169    <d:message xml:lang="en">Void element syntax (<code>/></code>) cannot be    <d:message xml:lang="en">Void element syntax (<code>/></code>) cannot be
170    used for this element.</d:message>    used for this element.</d:message>
171    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
172      <p>The void element syntax <code>/></code> syntax can only be      <p>Void element syntax (<code>/></code>) must not be used
173        for the element.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
174    
175        <p>The void element syntax can only be
176      used for <code>base</code>, <code>link</code>, <code>meta</code>,      used for <code>base</code>, <code>link</code>, <code>meta</code>,
177      <code>hr</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>img</code>,      <code>hr</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>img</code>,
178      <code>embed</code>, <code>param</code>, <code>area</code>,      <code>embed</code>, <code>param</code>, <code>area</code>,
179      <code>col</code>, and <code>input</code> elements.      <code>col</code>, and <code>input</code> elements.</p>
     For any other elements, using that syntax is non-conforming.</p>  
180    
181      <p>Unlike XML, the void element syntax (<code>/></code>) has      <p>Note that, unlike in XML, the void element syntax has
182      no effect in HTML.</p>      no effect in HTML.</p>
183    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
184  </d:item>  </d:item>
185    
186    
187    <d:item name="pio"
188        class="tokenize-error">
189      <d:message xml:lang="en">Processing instruction
190      (<code>&lt;?<var>...</var>?></code>) cannot be used.</d:message>
191      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
192        <p>Processing instructions (<code>&lt;?<var>...</var>?></code>),
193        including XML declaration (<code>&lt;?xml <var>...</var>?></code>)
194        and XML style sheet <abbr title="processing instruction">PI</abbr>
195        (<code>&lt;xml-stylesheet <var>...</var>?></code>), are not allowed
196        in the HTML syntax.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
197    
198        <p>If it is necessary to embed a processing instruction
199        in the HTML document, you must use the XML syntax instead.</p>
200    
201        <p>In the HTML syntax, XML declaration is not necessary.</p>
202    
203        <p>Instead of XML style sheet,
204        <abbr title="processing instruction">PI</abbr>s, you must
205        use the HTML <code>link</code> element whose <code>rel</code>
206        attribute is set to <code>stylesheet</code> (or
207        <code>alternate stylesheet</code> for an aleternate style sheet).</p>
208    
209        <p>Web browsers will parse processing instructions as bogus
210        comments.  Some legacy Web browsers, such as IE:mac and
211        some mobile browsers, will display processing instructions
212        as string.</p>
213      </d:desc>
214    </d:item>
215    
216  </section>  </section>
217    
218  <section id="html5-parse-errors">  <section id="html5-parse-errors">
# Line 53  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 223  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
223    <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code><var>$0</var></code> element cannot be    <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code><var>$0</var></code> element cannot be
224    inserted between <code>head</code> and <code>body</code> elements.</d:message>    inserted between <code>head</code> and <code>body</code> elements.</d:message>
225    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
226      <p>A start tag occurs after the <code>head</code> element is closed      <p>A start tag appears after the <code>head</code> element is closed
227      but before the <code>body</code> element is opened.      but before the <code>body</code> element is opened.
228      The document is non-conforming.</p>      The document is non-conforming.</p>
229    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
230  </d:item>  </d:item>
231    
232    <d:item name="DOCTYPE in the middle"
233        class="parse-error">
234      <d:message xml:lang="en">A <code>DOCTYPE</code> appears after any
235      element or data character has been seen.</d:message>
236      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
237        <p>A <code>DOCTYPE</code> appears after any element or data character
238        has been seen.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
239        
240        <p>The <code>DOCTYPE</code> must be placed before any
241        tag, reference, or data character.  Only white space characters
242        and comments can be inserted before the <code>DOCTYPE</code>.</p>
243      </d:desc>
244    </d:item>
245    
246    <d:item name="in a:a"
247        class="parse-error">
248      <d:message xml:lang="en">Anchor cannot be nested.</d:message>
249      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
250        <p>HTML <code>a</code> elements cannot be nested.
251        The document is non-conforming.</p>
252    
253        <p>In the HTML syntax, a start tag of the <code>a</code>
254        implies the end tag of any opening <code>a</code> element.</p>
255      </d:desc>
256    </d:item>
257    
258    <d:item name="in body"
259        class="parse-error">
260      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
261      is not allowed in a <code>body</code> element.</d:message>
262      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
263        <p>The start or end tag of an element, which
264        cannot be a descendant of <code>body</code> element, appears
265        in the input stream while the <code>body</code> element has been opened.
266        The document is non-conforming.</p>
267      </d:desc>
268    </d:item>
269    
270    <d:item name="in head:head"
271        class="parse-error">
272      <d:message xml:lang="en">Start tag <code>&lt;<var>head</var>&gt;</code>
273      is not allowed in the <code>head</code> element.</d:message>
274      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
275        <p>There is a start tag <code>&lt;head></code> in the
276        <code>&lt;head></code> element.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
277    
278        <p>In an HTML document there must not be more than
279        one <code>head</code> element, therefore no more than one
280        start tag <code>&lt;head></code> can appear in the input stream.</p>
281      </d:desc>
282    </d:item>
283    
284    <d:item name="in table"
285        class="parse-error">
286      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
287      is not allowed in a <code>table</code> element.</d:message>
288      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
289        <p>The start or end tag of an element, which
290        cannot be a child of <code>table</code> element, appears
291        in the input stream while the <code>table</code> element has been opened
292        but no other element has been opened.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
293    
294        <p>In <code>table</code>, only table related elements
295        are allowed; any other element must be contained in
296        <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element to form
297        a part of the table, or <code>caption</code> element to create
298        a table caption.</p>
299      </d:desc>
300    </d:item>
301    
302    <d:item name="in table:#character"
303        class="parse-error">
304      <d:message xml:lang="en">Data character is not allowed in
305      <code>table</code>.</d:message>
306      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
307        <p>A data character appears in <code>table</code>.  The document
308        is non-conforming.</p>
309    
310        <p>In <code>table</code>, only table related elements
311        are allowed; any other element and data character must be contained in
312        <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element to form
313        a part of the table, or <code>caption</code> element to create
314        a table caption.</p>
315      </d:desc>
316    </d:item>
317    
318    <d:item name="missing start tag:tr"
319        class="parse-error">
320      <d:message xml:lang="en">Start tag of <code>tr</code>
321      element is missing.</d:message>
322      <d:desc>
323        <p>Start tag of a <code>tr</code> element, which is <em>not</em>
324        optional, is missing.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
325    
326        <p>In a table section, a <code>&lt;tr></code> start tag
327        must occur before any <code>&lt;td></code> or
328        <code>&lt;th></code> start tag.  Though the HTML5 parser
329        implies the <code>&lt;tr></code> start tag before
330        these start tags, it must be explicitly specified.</p>
331      </d:desc>
332    </d:item>
333    
334  <d:item name="no DOCTYPE"  <d:item name="no DOCTYPE"
335      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
336    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document does not start with the    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document does not start with a
337    <code>DOCTYPE</code> declaration.</d:message>    <code>DOCTYPE</code>.</d:message>
338      <d:desc>
339        <p>The document does not start with a <code>DOCTYPE</code>.
340        The document is non-conforming.</p>
341    
342        <p>An HTML document must start by a <code>DOCTYPE</code>:
343          <pre class="html example"><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML></code></pre>
344        </p>
345    
346        <p>Only white space characters and comments are allowed
347        before the <code>DOCTYPE</code>.</p>
348      </d:desc>
349  </d:item>  </d:item>
350    
351  <d:item name="not closed"  <d:item name="not closed"
352      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
353    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not
354    closed.</d:message>    closed.</d:message>
355      <d:desc>
356        <p>End tag of an element is not found before, for example,
357        an end tag of another element appears or
358        the end of the document.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
359      </d:desc>
360    </d:item>
361    
362    <d:item name="not first start tag"
363        class="parse-error">
364      <d:message xml:lang="en">This <code>&lt;html></code> tag is not
365      the first start tag.</d:message>
366      <d:desc>
367        <p>There is a start tag of the <code>html</code> element
368        that it not the first start tag in the input stream.
369        The document is non-conforming.</p>
370    
371        <p>In an HTML document, there cannot be more than one
372        <code>html</code> element and therefore there cannot be
373        more than one <code>&lt;html></code> tag.  In addition,
374        nothing can be placed before the <code>&lt;html></code> tag
375        except a <code>DOCTYPE</code>, white space characters,
376        and comments.</p>
377      </d:desc>
378  </d:item>  </d:item>
379    
380  <d:item name="not HTML5"  <d:item name="not HTML5"
381      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
382    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document is written in an old version of    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document is written in an old version of
383    HTML.</d:message>    HTML.</d:message>
384      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
385        <p>The document contains a <code>DOCTYPE</code> declaration
386        that is different from HTML5 <code>DOCTYPE</code> (i.e.
387        <code>&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML&gt;</code>).  The document is non-conforming.</p>
388    
389        <p>The document might or might not be conformant to
390        some version of HTML.  However, conformance to any HTML
391        specification other than HTML5 provides for no practical
392        convenience, since Web borwsers will parse any
393        HTML document (roughly) as defined in HTML5.</p>
394      </d:desc>
395  </d:item>  </d:item>
396    
397  <d:item name="unmatched end tag"  <d:item name="unmatched end tag"
398      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
399    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not
400    opened.</d:message>    opened.</d:message>
401      <d:desc>
402        <p>An end tag appears though no element with the same name
403        has been opened.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
404    
405        <p>For any end tag in HTML document, there must be a
406        corresponding start tag.</p>
407      </d:desc>
408  </d:item>  </d:item>
409    
410  </section>  </section>
# Line 93  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 417  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
417    <d:message xml:lang="en">Data character is not allowed in this    <d:message xml:lang="en">Data character is not allowed in this
418    context.</d:message>    context.</d:message>
419    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
420      <p>A data character occurs where it is not allowed in this      <p>A data character appears where it is not allowed in this
421      context.  The document is non-conforming.</p>      context.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
422    
423      <p>Possible causes:      <p>Possible causes:
424        <dl>        <ul>
425        <dt>If the erred element is an inline-level element (such        <li><p>A data character cannot be a child
426        as <code>a</code> or <code>span</code>)</dt>        of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,
427            <dd><p>A data character cannot be a child        <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>
428            of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,  
429            <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>        <p>Any inline-level content must be put
430          in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></li>
431            <p>Any inline-level content must be put        <li><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,
432            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>        <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow
433        <dt>If the erred element is a block-level element (such as        <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content
434        <code>div</code> or <code>h<var>n</var></code>)</dt>        is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,
435            <dd><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,        any inline-level content must be put
436            <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow        in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></li>
437            <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content        </ul>
           is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,  
           any inline-level content must be put  
           in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>  
       </dl>  
438      </p>      </p>
439    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
440  </d:item>  </d:item>
# Line 126  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 446  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
446    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
447      <p>The content model of the element is so defined that it      <p>The content model of the element is so defined that it
448      must contain a <code><var>$0</var></code> child element.      must contain a <code><var>$0</var></code> child element.
449      Without such an element, the document is non-conforming.</p>      The document is non-conforming.</p>
450    
451      <p>For example:      <p>For example:
452        <ul>        <ul>
# Line 146  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 466  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
466    or <code>th</code> element as a child of this element.</d:message>    or <code>th</code> element as a child of this element.</d:message>
467    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
468      <p>The <code>tr</code> element must contain at least one      <p>The <code>tr</code> element must contain at least one
469      <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> child element.  Without      <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> child element.  The document
470      such an element, the document is non-conforming.</p>      is non-conforming.</p>
471    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
472  </d:item>  </d:item>
473    
# Line 156  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 476  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
476    <d:message xml:lang="en">This element is not allowed in this    <d:message xml:lang="en">This element is not allowed in this
477    context.</d:message>    context.</d:message>
478    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
479      <p>An element occurs where it is not allowed.  The document      <p>An element appears where it is not allowed.  The document
480      is non-conforming.</p>      is non-conforming.</p>
481    
482        <p><strong>Note</strong>: The conformance checker does
483        <em>not</em> support form elements yet.</p>
484    
485      <p>Possible causes:      <p>Possible causes:
486        <dl>        <dl class="switch">
487        <dt>If the erred element is an inline-level element (such        <dt>If the element with the error is an inline-level element,
488        as <code>a</code> or <code>span</code>)</dt>        such as <code>a</code>, <code>progress</code>, or <code>img</code></dt>
489            <dd><p>An inline-level element cannot be a child            <dd><p>An inline-level element cannot be a child
490            of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,            of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,
491            <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>            <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>
492    
493            <p>Any inline-level content must be put            <p>Any inline-level content must be put
494            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>
495        <dt>If the erred element is a block-level element (such as        <dt>If the element with the error is a block-level element,
496        <code>div</code> or <code>h<var>n</var></code>)</dt>        such as <code>div</code>, <code>h<var>n</var></code>, or
497          <code>section</code></dt>
498            <dd><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,            <dd><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,
499            <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow            <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow
500            <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content            <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content
501            is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,            is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,
502            any inline-level content must be put            any inline-level content must be put
503            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>
504        <dt>If the erred element is the root <code>html</code> element</dt>        <dt>If the element with the error is a <code>noscript</code> element</dt>
505              <dd>The <code>noscript</code> element is allowed only in the context
506              where a block-level or inline-level content is expected
507              and in the <code>head</code> element.
508              It cannot be used in e.g. <code>ul</code>, <code>table</code>,
509              or <code>select</code>.</dd>
510          <dt>If the element with the error is the <code>html</code> element
511          that is the root element of an XHTML document</dt>
512            <dd><p>In an XHTML document, the root <code>html</code>            <dd><p>In an XHTML document, the root <code>html</code>
513            element must have an <code>xmlns</code> attribute            element must have an <code>xmlns</code> attribute
514            whose value is set to            whose value is set to
# Line 187  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 518  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
518    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
519  </d:item>  </d:item>
520    
521    <d:item name="ps element missing"
522        class="content-model-error">
523      <d:message xml:lang="en">There is no <code><var>$0</var></code>
524      element before this element.</d:message>
525      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
526        <p>There must be an element before another element, but there
527        is not.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
528    
529        <p>For example, there must be a <code>dt</code> element
530        before any <code>dd</code> element.</p>
531      </d:desc>
532    </d:item>
533    
534    </section>
535    
536    <section id="attribute-errors">
537    <h2>Attribute Errors</h2>
538    
539    <d:item name="attribute missing"
540        class="attribute-error">
541      <d:message xml:lang="en">Required attribute <code><var>$0</var></code>
542      is not specified.</d:message>
543      <d:desc>
544        <p>A required attribute is not specified.  The document
545        is non-conforming.</p>
546    
547        <p>Some attribute is defined as <i>required</i>.
548        For example, any <code>img</code> element must have
549        <code>alt</code> and <code>src</code> attributes specified.
550        Without required attributes specified, user agents
551        cannot provide the full functionality of the element
552        to the user.</p>
553      </d:desc>
554    </d:item>
555    
556    <d:item name="in HTML:xml:lang"
557        class="attribute-error">
558      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute is not
559      allowed in HTML document.</d:message>
560      <d:desc>
561        <p>The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute is not allowed in
562        HTML document.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
563    
564        <p>The <code>lang</code> attribute in the <code>null</code>
565        namespace for HTML elements is defined as conforming <em>only</em> for
566        XML document.</p>
567    
568        <p>To specify natural language information in HTML document,
569        use <code>lang</code> attribute instead.</p>
570    
571        <p>XHTML 1.0 Appendix C was encouraged to specify both
572        <code>lang</code> and <code>xml:lang</code> attributes with
573        the same value.  Such a duplication has <em>no effect</em> in practice.
574        Use only one of <code>lang</code> (in HTML) or <code>xml:lang</code> (in
575        XML).</p>
576    
577        <!-- @@ ISSUE: xml:lang in non-HTML element in DOM5 HTML created
578             from an HTML document? -->
579      </d:desc>
580    </d:item>
581    
582    <d:item name="in XML:charset"
583        class="attribute-error">
584      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>charset</code> attribute is not
585      allowed in XML document.</d:message>
586      <d:desc>
587        <p>The <code>charset</code> attribute of a
588        <code>meta</code> element is not allowed in XML document.
589        The document is non-conforming.</p>
590    
591        <p>To specify the character encoding used for serialization,
592        if necessary, use XML declaration instead:
593          <pre class="xml example"><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="<var>encoding-name</var>"?></code></pre>
594        </p>
595      </d:desc>
596    </d:item>
597    
598    <d:item name="in XML:lang"
599        class="attribute-error">
600      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>lang</code> attribute is not
601      allowed in XML document.</d:message>
602      <d:desc>
603        <p>The HTML <code>lang</code> attribute is not allowed in
604        XML document.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
605    
606        <p>The <code>lang</code> attribute in <code>null</code>
607        namespace for HTML elements is defined as conforming <em>only</em> for
608        HTML document.</p>
609    
610        <p>To specify natural language information in XML document,
611        use <code>xml:lang</code> attribute instead.</p>
612      </d:desc>
613    </d:item>
614    
615    <d:item name="in XML:xmlns"
616        class="attribute-error">
617      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>xmlns</code> attribute
618      in the <code>null</code> namespace is not allowed in
619      XHTML document.  The document is non-conforming.</d:message>
620      <d:desc>
621        <p>The <code>xmlns</code> attribute in the <code>null</code>
622        namespace is not allowed in XHTML document.</p>
623    
624        <p>This error should not occur in conformance-checking
625        static documents.</p>
626      </d:desc>
627    </d:item>
628    
629  </section>  </section>
630    
631  <section id="attribute-value-errors">  <section id="attribute-value-errors">
632  <h2>Attribute Value Errors</h2>  <h2>Attribute Value Errors</h2>
633    
634  <d:item name="enumerated:invalid"  <d:item name="enumerated:invalid"
635      class="attribute-error">      class="attribute-value-error">
636    <d:message xml:lang="en">This attribute only allow a limited set of    <d:message xml:lang="en">This attribute only allow a limited set of
637    values and the specified value is not one of them.</d:message>    values and the specified value <code><var>{@}</var></code> is not one
638      of them.</d:message>
639    </d:item>
640    
641    <d:item name="duplicate ID"
642        class="attribute-value-error">
643      <d:message xml:lang="en">This identifier has already been
644      assigned to another element.</d:message>
645      <!-- @@ <id=a xml:id=a>? -->
646    </d:item>
647    
648    <d:item name="link type:bad context"
649        class="attribute-value-error">
650      <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code><var>$0</var></code>
651      cannot be specified for this element.</d:message>
652      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
653        <p>The specified link type cannot be used for the element.
654        The document is non-conforming.</p>
655    
656        <p>Link types are associated with limited set of elements.
657        They cannot be used with other elements.</p>
658    
659        <p>For example, link type <code>bookmark</code>
660        can be used with <code>a</code> or <code>area</code> element,
661        while it cannot be used with <code>link</code> element.</p>
662      </d:desc>
663    </d:item>
664    
665    <d:item name="link type:non-conforming"
666        class="attribute-value-error">
667      <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code><var>$0</var></code>
668      is non-conforming.</d:message>
669      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
670        <p>The specified link type is non-conforming, and therefore
671        the document is non-conforming.</p>
672    
673        <dl>
674        <dt>Link type <code>contents</code></dt>
675          <dd>Use link type <code>index</code>.</dd>
676        <dt>Link type <code>copyright</code></dt>
677          <dd>Use link type <code>license</code>.</dd>
678        <dt>Link type <code>home</code></dt>
679          <dd>Use link type <code>index</code>.</dd>
680        <dt>Link type <code>start</code></dt>
681          <dd>Use link type <code>first</code>.</dd>
682        <dt>Link type <code>toc</code></dt>
683          <dd>Use link type <code>index</code>.</dd>
684        </dl>
685      </d:desc>
686    </d:item>
687    
688    <d:item name="reserved browsing context name"
689        class="attribute-value-error">
690      <d:message xml:lang="en">Browsing context name
691      <code><var>{@}</var></code> is reserved.</d:message>
692      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
693        <p>The specified browsing context name is reserved.
694        The document is non-conforming.</p>
695    
696        <p>Names of browsing contexts starting with <code>_</code>
697        (<code>U+005F</code> <code class="charname">LOW LINE</code>)
698        are reserved so that it must not be used.</p>
699    
700        <p>Old version of HTML, non-HTML markup languages, and
701        Web browsers define or implements special reserved
702        browsing context names <code>_blank</code>,
703        <code>_main</code>, and <code>_replace</code>.
704        However, they are <em>not</em> conforming attribute values.</p>
705      </d:desc>
706    </d:item>
707    
708    </section>
709    
710    <section id="attribute-value-warnings">
711    <h2>Attribute Value Warnings</h2>
712    
713    <d:item name="link type:proposed" level="s"
714        class="attribute-value-warning should">
715      <d:message xml:lang="en">Link type <code><var>$0</var></code>
716      is proposed but not accepted yet; it <em>should not</em> be
717      used until it has been accepted.</d:message>
718      <d:desc>
719        <p>The link type is in the <i>proposed</i> status; it
720        <em>should not</em> be used until it has been
721        accepted.</p>
722    
723        <p><strong>Warning</strong>: The data served to the
724        conforming checker might be out of date; it might have already
725        been accepted or rejected, depending on which the document
726        might be conforming or non-conforming.  See WHATWG Wiki
727        for the latest information.</p>
728      </d:desc>
729  </d:item>  </d:item>
730    
731  </section>  </section>
# Line 203  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 733  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
733  <section id="table-model-errors">  <section id="table-model-errors">
734  <h2>Table Model Errors</h2>  <h2>Table Model Errors</h2>
735    
736    <d:item name="table:colspan creates column with no anchored cell"
737        class="table-model-error">
738      <d:message xml:lang="en">This <code>colspan</code> attribute
739      results in creating a table column that does not contain
740      any cell anchored to it.</d:message>
741    </d:item>
742    
743  <d:item name="table:no cell in last row"  <d:item name="table:no cell in last row"
744      class="table-model-error">      class="table-model-error">
745    <d:message xml:lang="en">The table has no cell (<code>td</code> or    <d:message xml:lang="en">The table has no cell (<code>td</code> or
746    <code>th</code>) in the last row.</d:message>    <code>th</code>) in the last row.</d:message>
747  </d:item>  </d:item>
748    
749    <d:item name="table:rowspan extends table"
750        class="table-model-error">
751      <d:message xml:lang="en">This <code>rowspan</code> attribute
752      results in creating a table row that does not contain
753      any cell anchored to it.</d:message>
754      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
755        <p>The <code>rowspan</code> attribute value of the cell
756        is so specified that it extends a table in the row axis.
757        However, the extended row does not contain any cell by itself.
758        The document is non-conforming.</p>
759    
760        <p>For example, the table below is non-conforming:
761          <pre class="html non-conforming example"><code>&lt;table>
762    &lt;tbody>
763    &lt;tr>&lt;td rowspan=2>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>
764    &lt;/tbody>
765    &lt;/table></code></pre>
766        ... is non-conforming, since the second row contains only
767        a cell that spans the first and the second rows.</p>
768      </d:desc>
769    </d:item>
770    
771  </section>  </section>
772    
773  <section id="imt-warnings">  <section id="imt-warnings">
# Line 216  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 775  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
775    
776  <d:item name="IMT:obsolete subtype"  <d:item name="IMT:obsolete subtype"
777      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
778    <d:message xml:lang="en">An <em>obsolete</em> subtype is used.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en"><code><var>{@}</var></code>: An <em>obsolete</em>
779      subtype is used.</d:message>
780  </d:item>  </d:item>
781    
782  <d:item name="IMT:private subtype"  <d:item name="IMT:private subtype"
783      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
784    <d:message xml:lang="en">A private (<code>x-</code> or <code>x.</code>)    <d:message xml:lang="en"><code><var>{@}</var></code>: A private
785    subtype is used.</d:message>    (<code>x-</code> or <code>x.</code>) subtype is used.</d:message>
786  </d:item>  </d:item>
787    
788  <d:item name="IMT:unregistered subtype"  <d:item name="IMT:unregistered subtype"
789      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
790    <d:message xml:lang="en">The subtype is not registered to IANA.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en"><code><var>{@}</var></code>: The subtype is
791      not registered to IANA.</d:message>
792  <!-- TODO: Unknown message?? -->  <!-- TODO: Unknown message?? -->
793  </d:item>  </d:item>
794    
# Line 238  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 799  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
799    
800  <d:item name="URI::syntax error"  <d:item name="URI::syntax error"
801      class="must" level="m">      class="must" level="m">
802    <d:message xml:lang="en">This string is not an IRI syntactically.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en">The specified value is syntactically not an IRI
803      reference.</d:message>
804      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
805        <p>The specified value does not satisfy the syntactical requirements
806        for IRI references.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
807    
808        <p>Possible causes:
809          <ul>
810          <li>The string might contain one or more white space characters.
811          Especially, the <code> </code> (<code>U+0020</code>
812          <code class="charname">SPACE</code>) character cannot be
813          used in IRI references.</li>
814          </ul>
815        </p>
816      </d:desc>
817  </d:item>  </d:item>
818    
819  </section>  </section>
820    
821  <section id="uri-errors">  <section id="uri-warnings">
822  <h2>URI (or IRI) Errors</h2>  <h2>URI (or IRI) Warnings</h2>
823    
824    <d:item name="URI::dot-segment"
825        class="should" level="s">
826      <d:message xml:lang="en">Dot-segment (<code>.</code> or
827      <code>..</code>) should not occur in an absolute reference.</d:message>
828      <d:desc>
829        <p>Dot-segment (<code>.</code> or <code>..</code>) should
830        not occur in an absolute reference.</p>
831    
832        <p>In relative references, dot-segments are used to represent
833        the current (<code>.</code>) or the parent (<code>..</code>)
834        hierarchy of the path.  Though they are also allowed
835        in absolute references, it should be resolved to the
836        canonical form before it has been published.</p>
837      </d:desc>
838    </d:item>
839    
840  <d:item name="URI::empty path"  <d:item name="URI::empty path"
841      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
# Line 252  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 843  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
843    <code>/</code>.</d:message>    <code>/</code>.</d:message>
844  </d:item>  </d:item>
845    
846    <d:item name="URI::lowercase hexadecimal digit"
847        class="should" level="s">
848      <d:message xml:lang="en">Hexadecimal digit in percent-encoding
849      should be in lowercase.</d:message>
850      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
851        <p>The hexadecimal digit in percent-encoding string in the IRI
852        is in lowercase.  Though the IRI <em>is</em> conforming,
853        it should be in uppercase.</p>
854      </d:desc>
855    </d:item>
856    
857    <d:item name="URI::percent-encoded unreserved"
858        class="should" level="s">
859      <d:message xml:lang="en">An unreserved character is
860      percent-encoded.</d:message>
861      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
862        <p>An unreserved character is percent-encoded in the IRI.
863        Though it <em>is</em> conforming, it should be in the
864        decoded (or bare) form.</p>
865      </d:desc>
866    </d:item>
867    
868    <d:item name="URI::uppercase scheme name"
869        class="should" level="s">
870      <d:message xml:lang="en">URI scheme name is in uppercase.</d:message>
871      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
872        <p>The scheme part of the IRI is written in uppercase letter.</p>
873    
874        <p>Uppercase scheme names are not required to be processed
875        correctly.</p>
876    <!-- @@
877     RFC 3986 3.1.
878     > Although schemes are case-
879       insensitive, the canonical form is lowercase and documents that
880       specify schemes must do so with lowercase letters.
881    
882     > An implementation ... should only produce lowercase scheme names for
883       consistency.
884    -->
885      </d:desc>
886    </d:item>
887    
888  </section>  </section>
889    
890  <section id="unsupported-messages">  <section id="unsupported-messages">
# Line 279  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 912  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
912    
913  <d:item name="link type"  <d:item name="link type"
914      class="unsupported" level="unsupported">      class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
915    <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code>$0</code> is not standardized    <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code><var>$0</var></code> is not
916    or registered at the time of the release of the conformance checker;    standardized or registered at the time of the release of the conformance
917    <em>it is non-conforming unless it has now been registered</em>.</d:message>    checker; <em>it is non-conforming unless it has now been
918      registered</em>.</d:message>
919    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
920      <p>The <code>rel</code> attribute is defined as a list of link types.      <p>The <code>rel</code> attribute is defined as a list of link types.
921      Some common link types are defined in the HTML5 specification.      Some common link types are defined in the HTML5 specification.
# Line 296  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 930  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
930    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
931  </d:item>  </d:item>
932    
933    <d:item name="event handler"
934        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
935      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for event handler attribute
936      is not supported; <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
937    </d:item>
938    
939    <d:item name="language tag"
940        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
941      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for language tag
942      is not supported; <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
943    </d:item>
944    
945    <d:item name="media query"
946        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
947      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for media query
948      is not supported; <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
949    </d:item>
950    
951    <d:item name="script"
952        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
953      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for script
954      language <code><var>$0</var></code> is not supported;
955      <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
956    </d:item>
957    
958    <d:item name="style"
959        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
960      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for style
961      language <code><var>$0</var></code> is not supported;
962      <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
963    </d:item>
964    
965  </section>  </section>
966    
967  <d:catalog>  <d:catalog>
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