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4  <title>manakai's XML Conformance Checking</title>  <title>manakai's XML Conformance Checking</title>
5  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">
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16  </head>  </head>
17  <body class="has-abstract">  <body class="has-abstract">
18    
19  <div class="header">  <div class="header">
20  <h1>manakai's XML Conformance Checking</h1>  <h1>manakai's <abbr>XML</abbr> Conformance Checking</h1>
21  <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-11-12>12 November 2007</time></h2>  <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-12-01>1 December 2007</time></h2>
22    
23  <dl class="versions-uri">  <dl class="versions-uri">
24  <dt>This Version</dt>  <dt>This Version</dt>
# Line 111  In addition, the order in which <a href= Line 120  In addition, the order in which <a href=
120  raised is undefined.</p>  raised is undefined.</p>
121  </div>  </div>
122    
 <div class="section">  
 <h2 class=ed>Algorithms</h2>  
123    
124  <p>The following algorithms and definitions are applied to  <div class=section id=error-categories>
125  <abbr>XML</abbr> documents; especially, they are not applied  <h2>Error Classification</h2>
 to <abbr>HTML</abbr> documents.<!-- TODO: ref to HTML5 --></p>  
126    
127  <p class=ed>If a <code>Document</code> node has no  <p class=ed>If a <code>Document</code> node has no
128  xml-well-formedness-error, entity-error, and unknown-error,  xml-well-formedness-error, entity-error, and unknown-error,
# Line 129  into a well$B!>(Bformed XML document. Line 135  into a well$B!>(Bformed XML document.
135  can be easily serialized into a valid XML document.</p>  can be easily serialized into a valid XML document.</p>
136  </div>  </div>
137    
138    <p class=ed>To be a conforming <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#dt-validating">validating XML processor</a>,
139    ...</p>
140    
141  <p>Errors are classified into these  <p>Errors are classified into these
142  <dfn id=error-category title="error category">error categories</dfn>:</p>  <dfn id=error-category title="error category">error categories</dfn>:</p>
143    
# Line 147  can be easily serialized into a valid XM Line 156  can be easily serialized into a valid XM
156    </dd>    </dd>
157  <dt><dfn id=round-trip-error><code>round-trip-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=round-trip-error><code>round-trip-error</code></dfn></dt>
158    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
159    <dt><dfn id=round-trip-warning><code>round-trip-warning</code></dfn></dt>
160      <dd>
161        <p>A <a href="#round-trip-warning"><code>round-trip-warning</code></a>
162        will be raised when a construct, which might not be restored to the same
163        construct when it is serialized and then re-parsed by a conforming
164        processor, is encountered.</p>
165        <div class="example memo">
166          <p>For a <code>Comment</code> node a
167          <a href="#round-trip-warning"><code>round-trip-warning</code></a> will
168          be raised, since <abbr>XML</abbr> processors are not required to
169          report texts of comments for applications.</p>
170        </div>
171      </dd>
172  <dt class=ed><dfn id=unknown-error><code>unknown-error</code></dfn>?</dt>  <dt class=ed><dfn id=unknown-error><code>unknown-error</code></dfn>?</dt>
173    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
174  <dt><dfn id=xml-misc-error><code>xml-misc-error</code></dt>  <dt><dfn id=xml-misc-error><code>xml-misc-error</code></dt>
# Line 167  can be easily serialized into a valid XM Line 189  can be easily serialized into a valid XM
189    <a href="@@/#dt-fatal">fatal error</a>)    <a href="@@/#dt-fatal">fatal error</a>)
190    that is not classified to any other <a href="#error-category">error    that is not classified to any other <a href="#error-category">error
191    category</a>. <span class=ed>@@ What errors fall into this category?</span></dd>    category</a>. <span class=ed>@@ What errors fall into this category?</span></dd>
192    <dt><dfn id=xml-misc-recommendation><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></dfn></dt>
193      <dd>
194        <p>An
195        <a href="#xml-misc-recommendation"><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>
196        will be raised if a <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em>$B!>(Blevel requirement
197        in <abbr>XML</abbr> specification is not met.</p>
198      </dd>
199  <dt><dfn id=xml-validity-error><code>xml-validity-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=xml-validity-error><code>xml-validity-error</code></dfn></dt>
200    <dd>A violation of validity constraint in XML document.</dd>    <dd>A violation of validity constraint in XML document.</dd>
201  <dt><dfn id=xml-well-formedness-error><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=xml-well-formedness-error><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></dfn></dt>
# Line 182  can be easily serialized into a valid XM Line 211  can be easily serialized into a valid XM
211  (MAY or MUST), #dt-compat for compatibility,  (MAY or MUST), #dt-compat for compatibility,
212  #dt-interop for interoperability</p></div>  #dt-interop for interoperability</p></div>
213    
214    </div>
215    
216    <div class=section id=parsing-xml>
217    <h2>Parsing <abbr>XML</abbr> Document</h2>
218    
219    <ul>
220    <li>If the <abbr>XML</abbr> document does not begin with an
221    <abbr>XML</abbr> declaration, then raise an
222    <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-xml-decl><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
223    <li>If the replacement text of an entity declaration is
224    <code>&lt;</code>, then raise an
225    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-entity-value-lt><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.<!--
226    "strongly advised to avoid" in a Note in Section 2.3 of [XML10], [XML11].
227    --></li>
228    <li>If there is an element type declaration whose <code>Name</code>
229    value is already declared, then raise an
230    <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-edunique><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
231    <li>If attribute definition whose <code>Name</code> is
232    <code>xml:space</code> has <span class=ed>declared type different from
233    (default|preserve), (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
234    <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-ad-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.
235    <span class=ed>@@ duplication with
236    <a href="#xml-at-xml-space">#xml-at-xml-space</a>.<!--
237    <!ATTLIST e xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED> --></span></li>
238    <li>If an empty-element tag is used for an element which is <em>not</em>
239    declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise an
240    <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-emptyelemtag-not-empty><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
241    <li>If an empty-element tag is <em>not</em> used for an element which is
242    declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise an
243    <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-empty-not-emptyelemtag><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
244    <!--
245    
246    #vc-PEinMarkupDecl Validity constraint: Proper Declaration/PE Nesting
247    #wfc-PEinInternalSubset Well-formedness constraint: PEs in Internal Subset
248    #ExtSubset Well-formedness constraint: External Subset
249    #PE-between-Decls Well-formedness constraint: PE Between Declarations
250    #GIMatch Well-formedness constraint: Element Type Match
251    #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec
252    #NoExternalRefs Well-formedness constraint: No External Entity References
253    #CleanAttrVals Well-formedness constraint: No < in Attribute Values
254    #vc-PEinGroup Validity constraint: Proper Group/PE Nesting
255    "For interoperability, if a parameter-entity reference appears in a choice, seq, or Mixed construct, its replacement text SHOULD contain at least one non-blank character, and neither the first nor last non-blank character of the replacement text SHOULD be a connector (| or ,)."
256    "For interoperability, an XML processor MAY at user option issue a warning when more than one attribute-list declaration is provided for a given element type, or more than one attribute definition is provided for a given attribute, but this is not an error."
257    #condsec-nesting Validity constraint: Proper Conditional Section/PE Nesting
258    #wf-Legalchar Well-formedness constraint: Legal Character
259    #textent Well-formedness constraint: Parsed Entity
260    #norecursion Well-formedness constraint: No Recursion
261    #indtd Well-formedness constraint: In DTD
262    "External parsed entities SHOULD each begin with a text declaration."
263    "It is an error for a reference to an unparsed entity to appear in the EntityValue in an entity declaration."
264    #UniqueNotationName Validity constraint: Unique Notation Name
265    
266    @@ Need detailed review, but maybe should be in parsing phase
267    
268    #vc-check-rmd Validity constraint: Standalone Document Declaration
269    
270    @@ Need dtailed review
271    
272    #wf-entdeclared Well-formedness constraint: Entity Declared
273    #vc-entdeclared Validity constraint: Entity Declared
274    "For interoperability, valid documents SHOULD declare the entities amp, lt, gt, apos, quot, in the form specified in 4.6 Predefined Entities."
275    "If the entities lt or amp are declared, they MUST be declared as internal entities whose replacement text is a character reference to the respective character (less-than sign or ampersand) being escaped; the double escaping is REQUIRED for these entities so that references to them produce a well-formed result. If the entities gt, apos, or quot are declared, they MUST be declared as internal entities whose replacement text is the single character being escaped (or a character reference to that character; the double escaping here is OPTIONAL but harmless)."
276    
277    @@ flaged and then reported in DOM check phase
278    
279    "Entities encoded in UTF-16 MUST and entities encoded in UTF-8 MAY begin with the Byte Order Mark"
280    "In the absence of external character encoding information (such as MIME headers), parsed entities which are stored in an encoding other than UTF-8 or UTF-16 MUST begin with a text declaration"
281    "In an encoding declaration, the values "UTF-8", "UTF-16", "ISO-10646-UCS-2", and "ISO-10646-UCS-4" SHOULD be used for the various encodings and transformations of Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646, the values "ISO-8859-1", "ISO-8859-2", ... "ISO-8859-n" (where n is the part number) SHOULD be used for the parts of ISO 8859, and the values "ISO-2022-JP", "Shift_JIS", and "EUC-JP" SHOULD be used for the various encoded forms of JIS X-0208-1997. It is RECOMMENDED that character encodings registered (as charsets) with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority [IANA-CHARSETS], other than those just listed, be referred to using their registered names; other encodings SHOULD use names starting with an "x-" prefix."
282    
283    @@ in parsing phase
284    
285    "It is a fatal error when an XML processor encounters an entity with an encoding that it is unable to process. It is a fatal error if an XML entity is determined (via default, encoding declaration, or higher-level protocol) to be in a certain encoding but contains byte sequences that are not legal in that encoding."
286    
287    -->
288    </ul>
289    </div>
290    
291    <div class="section" id=checking-dom>
292    <h2>Checking <abbr>DOM</abbr></h2>
293    
294    <p>The following algorithms and definitions are applied to
295    <abbr>XML</abbr> documents; especially, they are not applied
296    to <abbr>HTML</abbr> documents.<!-- TODO: ref to HTML5 --></p>
297    
298    <div class=section id=definitions>
299    <h3>Definitions</h3>
300    
301  <p>The <dfn id=xml-version><abbr>XML</abbr> version</dfn> of a node is  <p>The <dfn id=xml-version><abbr>XML</abbr> version</dfn> of a node is
302  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document to which the node belongs.  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document to which the node belongs.
303  For a <code>Documemt</code> node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version  For a <code>Documemt</code> node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version
304  of the document is the value of the <code>xmlVersion</code>  of the document is the value of the <code>xmlVersion</code>
305  attribute.  For a <code>DocumentType</code> node whose  attribute of the node.  For a <code>DocumentType</code> node whose
306  <code>ownerDocument</code> is set to <code>null</code>,  <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute is set to <code>null</code>,
307  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document is <code>1.0</code>.  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document is <code>1.0</code><!--
308    since createDocumentType [DOM3CORE] assumes XML 1.0 [XML10TE] -->.
309  For any other node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document  For any other node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document
310  is that of the <code>Document</code> node contained in the  is that of the <code>Document</code> node contained in the
311  <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of the node.</p>  <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of the node.</p>
312    
313    </div>
314    
315    
316    <div class=section id=checking-components>
317    <h3>Checking Components</h3>
318    
319    <p>The algorithm
320    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data title-"to validate an XML character data">to
321    validate an <abbr>XML</abbr> character data
322    (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as following:</p>
323    <ol>
324    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is <em>not</em> in
325    the character class <a href="#class-Char10"><code>Char10</code></a>,
326    then raise an
327    <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-illegal-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
328    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is in the character
329    class <a href="#class-CompatChar10"><code>CompatChar10</code></a>,
330    then raise an
331    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-compat-char><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.</li>
332    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is in the character
333    class <a href="#class-ControlChar10"><code>ControlChar10</code></a>,
334    then raise an
335    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-control-char><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.</li>
336    <li class=ed>@@ XML 1.1 support</li>
337    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a <code class=char>U+000D</code>
338    <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code> character, then
339    raise a
340    <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-cr><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.
341    <span class=ed>@@ We should not raise duplicate errors for U+000D
342    in attribute values.  In addition, we should support a mode where
343    U+000D will be serialized as &#x000D; (so that no round-trip-error
344    will be raised).</span></li>
345    </ol>
346    
347    <p>The algorithm
348    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-name title="to validate a Name">to validate a
349    <code>Name</code> (<dfn id=var-name-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined
350    as following:</p>
351    <ol>
352    <li>If <var>s</var> begins with the string <code>xml</code> (in any
353    case combination), then raise an
354    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-reserved-name><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.
355    <span class=ed>@@ except for attribute names <code>xml:lang</code>,
356    <code>xml:space</code>, <code>xml:base</code>, <code>xml:id</code>,
357    <code>xmlns</code>, <code>xmlns:<var>*</var></code>,
358    pi name <code>xml-stylesheet</code>.</span><!--
359    "names beginning with a match to (('X'|'x')('M'|'m')('L'|'l')) are reserved for standardization in this or future versions of this specification.":
360    xml:base and xml:id specifications violate to this sentense!
361    --></li>
362    <!-- COLON in Name is a lowercase "should not" in a Note of [XML10],
363    [XML11]. -->
364    <li class=ed>@@</li>
365    </ol>
366    
367    <p>The algorithm
368    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname title="to validate an NCName">to
369    validate an <code>NCName</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn>
370    is defined as following:</p>
371    <ol>
372    <li class=ed>@@</li>
373    </ol>
374    
375    <p>To
376    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier title="validate a public identifier">validate
377    a public identifier (<dfn id=var-pid><var>pid</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the
378    following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
379    <ol>
380      <li>If <var>pid</var> is <code>null</code>, abort these steps.</li>
381      <li>If <var>pid</var> contains any character
382      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | #xD | #xA |
383      [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,
384      then it is an
385      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pubid-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
386      <li>If <var>pid</var> contains one of <code class=char>U+0009</code>
387      <code class=charname>CHARACTER TABULATION</code>,
388      <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>,
389      and <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
390      characters, if the first character of <var>pid</var> is
391      <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character,
392      if the last character of <var>pid</var> is <code class=char>U+0020</code>
393      <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character, or if there is a
394      <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character
395      immediately followed by another <code class=char>U+0020</code>
396      <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character in <var>pid</var>, then it is a
397      <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pubid-space><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.
398      <span class=ed>Is this really a roundtripness problem?  XML spec
399      does only define the way to match public identifiers in fact, no
400      canonical form.</span></li>
401      <li class=ed>@@ Should we check formal-public-identifierness?</li>
402    </ol>
403    
404    <p>To
405    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier title="validate a system identifier">validate
406    a system identifier (<dfn id=var-sid><var>sid</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the
407    following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
408    <ol>
409      <li>If <var>sid</var> is <code>null</code>, abort these steps.</li>
410      <li>If <var>sid</var> contains both <code class=char>U+0022</code>
411      <code class=charname>QUOTATION MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) and
412      <code class=char>U+0027</code> <code class=charname>APOSTROPHE</code>
413      (<code class=char>'</code>) characters, raise an
414      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-sid-lit><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
415      <li>If <var>sid</var> contains at least one <code class=char>U+0023</code>
416      <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>)
417      character, then raise an
418      <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-sid-fragment><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.</li>
419      <li class=ed>@@ If <var>sid</var> cannot be converted to a URI
420      reference, then raise a fact-level error (xml-misc-warning?).<!--
421      XML 1.0 has no conformance language for system identifier being
422      a URI reference. --></li>
423    </ol>
424    
425    </div>
426    
427    <div class=section id=checking-node>
428    <h3>Checking <code>Node</code></h3>
429    
430  <p>The algorithm <dfn title="to check a node" id=algorithm-to-check-a-node>to  <p>The algorithm <dfn title="to check a node" id=algorithm-to-check-a-node>to
431  check a node (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as  check a node (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as
432  following:</p>  following:</p>
# Line 200  following:</p> Line 434  following:</p>
434  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Attr</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Attr</code> node</dt>
435    <dd>    <dd>
436      <ol>      <ol>
437      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
438      <code>localName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>localName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
439      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from
440      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">validate
441      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
442      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-attr-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn> in the
     a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Text</code> or  
     <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-attr-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
     <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains  
     an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an  
     <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-attr><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>  
     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in  
443      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
444      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>        <ol>
445          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> a
446          <code>Text</code> or <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
447          <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-attr-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
448          <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
449          <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
450          <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-attr-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
451          <li>Otherwise,
452          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
453          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
454          </ol></li>
455        <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
456        <code>xml:space</code> <span class=ed>@@ or {xml namespace}:space ?</span>
457        and <code>value</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is neither
458        <code>default</code> nor <code>preserve</code>, then it is an
459        <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-attr-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.<!--
460        Note that <!ATTLIST e xml:space (default|preserve) "a">...
461        <e xml:space="default"/> is conforming and valid. --></li>
462        <li class=ed>@@ xml:lang value is not a language tag [RFC 3066 or its
463        successor] or an empty string, then xml-misc-warning
464        (a "fact"-level error; not an XML error).</li>
465      <li class=ed>@@ <code>specified</code>,      <li class=ed>@@ <code>specified</code>,
466      <code>manakaiAttributeType</code></li>      <code>manakaiAttributeType</code> (#ValueType Validity constraint: Attribute Value Type)</li>
467        <!-- xml:space MUST be declared to be valid. -->
468        <li>Let <dfn id=var-v><var>v</var></dfn> be the value of the
469        attribute <code>value</code> of <var>n</var>.</li>
470        <li>Validate the <var>n</var> against the <span class=ed>declared
471        type</span> as following:
472          <dl class=switch>
473          <dt class=ed><code>ID_ATTR</code></dt>
474            <dd>
475              <ol>
476              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
477              <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
478              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
479              <li><span class=ed>If <code>ID</code> <var>v</var> is defined,</span>
480              then raise an  
481              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-duplication><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
482              </ol>
483            </dd>
484          <dt class=ed>IDREF_ATTR</dt>
485            <dd>
486              <ol>
487              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
488              <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
489              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-idref-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
490              <li><span class=ed>If <code>ID</code> <var>v</var> is NOT
491              defined,</span> then raise an  
492              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-idref-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
493              </ol>
494            </dd>
495          <dt class=ed>IDREFS_ATTR</dt>
496            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
497          <dt class=ed>ENTITY_ATTR</dt>
498            <dd>
499              <ol>
500              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
501              <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
502              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-entname-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
503              <li><span class=ed>If <code>Entity</code> <var>v</var> is NOT
504              defined,</span> then raise an  
505              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-entname-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
506              </ol>
507            </dd>
508          <dt class=ed>ENTITIES_ATTR</dt>
509            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
510          <dt class=ed>NMTOKEN_ATTR</dt>
511            <dd>
512              <ol>
513              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
514              <code>Nmtoken</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
515              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-nmtok-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
516              </ol>
517            </dd>
518          <dt class=ed>NMTOKENS_ATTR</dt>
519            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
520          <dt class=ed>NOTATION_ATTR</dt>
521            <dd class=ed><var>v</var> must be one of enumerated values.
522            If not, then raise an
523            <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-notatn-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</dd>
524          <dt class=ed>ENUMERATED_ATTR</dt>
525            <dd class=ed><var>v</var> must be one of enumerated values.
526            If not, then raise an
527            <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-enum><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</dd>
528          <dt class=ed>@@</dt>
529          </dl>
530        </li>
531        <li>If <span class=ed>type ID and default is NOT #IMPLIED or #REQUIRED</span>, then
532        raise an
533        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-default><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
534        <li class=ed>@@ #FixedAttr Validity constraint: Fixed Attribute Default</li>
535        <li class=ed>@@ strict serialization error for U+000D, U+000A, and
536        U+0009 characters, leading/trailing U+0020, and U+0020{2,} string?</li>
537      </ol>      </ol>
538    </dd>    </dd>
539  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node</dt>
540    <dd class=ed></dd>    <dd>
541        <ol>
542        <li class=ed></li>
543        <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
544        <code>xml:space</code> <span class=ed>@@ or {xml namespace}:space ?</span>
545        and <span class=ed>its declared type is different from (default|preserve),
546        (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
547        <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-at-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.</li>
548        <li>For each node <dfn id=var-ad-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn> in the
549        <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
550          <ol>
551          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> a
552          <code>Text</code> or <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
553          <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-at-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
554          <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
555          <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
556          <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-at-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
557          <li>Otherwise,
558          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
559          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
560          </ol></li>
561        <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code>, enumerated values MUST
562        be declared.  If not, then raise an
563        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-notatn-declared><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
564        <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code> or <code>ENUMERATED_ATTR</code>,
565        values MUST all be distinct.  If not, then raise an
566        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-no-duplicate-tokens><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
567        <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code> on an <code>EMPTY</code>
568        element, then raise an
569        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-no-notation-empty><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
570        <li class=ed>@@ #defattrvalid Validity constraint: Attribute Default Value Syntactically Correct</li>
571        </ol>
572      </dd>
573  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>CDATASection</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>CDATASection</code> node</dt>
574    <dd>    <dd>
575      <ol>      <ol>
# Line 228  following:</p> Line 577  following:</p>
577      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
578      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
579      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains
580      a string <code>]]></code>, then it is a      a string <code>]]></code>, then raise an
581      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-mse><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-mse><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.<!-- "for compatibility" --></li>
582      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
583      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
584      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
585      </ol>      </ol>
586    </dd>    </dd>
587  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Comment</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Comment</code> node</dt>
588    <dd>    <dd>
589      <ol>      <ol>
590        <li>Raise an
591        <a href="#round-trip-warning" id=rtw-comment><code>round-trip-warning</code></a>.</li>
592      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the
593      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
594      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
595      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains
596      a string <code>--</code>, or if it ends with a character      a string <code>--</code>, or if it ends with a character
597      <code>-</code>, then it is a      <code>-</code>, then raise an
598      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-com><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-com><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.<!--
599        "for compatibility" --></li>
600      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
601      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
602      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
603      </ol>      </ol>
604    </dd>    </dd>
605  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Document</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Document</code> node</dt>
# Line 258  following:</p> Line 610  following:</p>
610      then it is an <code class=ed>unknown-error?</code>.</li>      then it is an <code class=ed>unknown-error?</code>.</li>
611      <li>If the <code>xmlEncoding</code> attribute value does <em>not</em>      <li>If the <code>xmlEncoding</code> attribute value does <em>not</em>
612      match to <code>[A-Za-z] ([A-Za-z0-9._] | '-')*</code>      match to <code>[A-Za-z] ([A-Za-z0-9._] | '-')*</code>
613      <span class=ed>@@ formal def</span>, then it is a      <span class=ed>@@ formal def</span>, then it is an
614      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-encoding><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-encoding><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
615      <li>The <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> have to      <li>The <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> have to
616      consist of zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or      consist of zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or
# Line 268  following:</p> Line 620  following:</p>
620      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes, followed by      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes, followed by
621      an <code>Element</code> node, followed      an <code>Element</code> node, followed
622      by zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or      by zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or
623      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes.  Any violation to this is a      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes.  Any violation to this is an
624      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-document-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-document-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
625      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-document-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
626      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
627      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>        <ol>
628          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
629          <code>EntityReference</code> node, then
630          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
631          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
632          </ol></li>
633      <li class=ed>@@ <code>allDeclarationsProcessed</code></li>      <li class=ed>@@ <code>allDeclarationsProcessed</code></li>
634      </ol>      </ol>
635    </dd>    </dd>
636  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentFragment</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentFragment</code> node</dt>
637    <dd>    <dd>
638      <ol>      <ol>
639      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-df-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
640      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
641      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,        <ol>
642      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
643      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <code>Element</code>, <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>,
644      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-df-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Comment</code>, <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or
645      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
646      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-df-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
647      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-df><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
648      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
649      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-df-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
650      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>        <li>Otherwise,
651          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
652          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
653          </ol></li>
654      </ol>      </ol>
655    </dd>    </dd>
656  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentType</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentType</code> node</dt>
657    <dd>    <dd>
658      <ol>      <ol>
659      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
660      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
661      <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value contains any character      <li>Follow the following substeps:
662      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | <!--#xD | #xA |-->        <ol>
663      [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,        <li>If <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
664      or contains a leading <code class=char>U+0020</code> character,        <code>null</code>, then abort these substeps.</li>
665      a trailing <code class=char>U+0020</code> character, or a        <li>If <code>documentElement</code> attribute of the node
666      sequence of two or more <code class=char>U+0020</code> characters,        set to <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
667      then it is a        <code>null</code>, then abort these substeps.</li>
668      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-public-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of the node set to
669      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains        <code>documentElement</code> attribute of the node set to
670      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a        <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
671      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        different from <code>nodeName</code> of <var>n</var>,
672      <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->        then raise an
673      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-roottype><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li></li>
674      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node,        </ol>
675      then it is a      </li>
676      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
677      <span class=ed>@@ ref to manakai's extensions</span></li>      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
678      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
679      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,      the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
680      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>      <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> is
681      <li class=ed>@@ <code>entities</code>, <code>notations</code>,      <em>not</em> <code>null</code> and the <code>systemId</code> attribute
682      <code>elementTypes</code>, externally declared?</li>      value of <var>n</var> is <code>null</code>, then raise an
683        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-sid><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.
684        <span class=ed>@@ publicId == null?  Or, publicId == ""</span></li>
685        <li>For each node <dfn id=var-dt-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
686        in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
687          <ol>
688          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> a
689          <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node, then it is an
690          <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.
691          <span class=ed>@@ ref to manakai's extensions</span></li>
692          <li>Otherwise, <!-- if n_c is not an EntityReference node, -->
693          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
694          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
695          </ol></li>
696        <li>For each node in the <code>entities</code>, <code>notations</code>,
697        and <code>elementTypes</code> lists of <var>n</var>,
698        <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check the
699        node</a> recursively.</li>
700        <li class=ed>@@ externally declared?</li>
701      </ol>      </ol>
702    </dd>    </dd>
703  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Element</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Element</code> node</dt>
704    <dd>    <dd>
705      <ol>      <ol>
706      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
707      <code>localName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>localName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
708      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from
709      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">validate
710      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
711      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-element-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
712      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
713      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,        <ol>
714      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
715      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <code>Element</code>,
716      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-element-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,
717      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or
718      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
719      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-element><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-element-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
720      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
721      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
722      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-element-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
723          <li>Otherwise,
724          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
725          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
726          </ol></li>
727        <li class=ed>@@ #elementvalid Validity constraint: Element Valid</li>
728        <li>Let <var>attrs</var> be the value of the <code>attribute</code>
729        attribute of <var>n</var>.  Check conformance of <var>attrs</var>
730        as following:
731          <ol>
732          <li>If <var>attrs</var> contains an <code>Attr</code> node whose
733          <code>nodeName</code> attribute value is equal to that of another
734          <code>Attr</code> node in <var>attrs</var>, then raise an
735          <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-uniqattspec><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.<!--
736          #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec --></li>
737          <li class=ed>@@ #RequiredAttr Validity constraint: Required Attribute</li>
738          </ol>
739        </li>
740      </ol>      </ol>
741    </dd>    </dd>
742  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>ElementTypeDefinition</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>ElementTypeDefinition</code> node</dt>
   <dd class=ed></dd>  
 <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node</dt>  
743    <dd>    <dd>
744      <ol>      <ol>
745      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-node><code>entity-error</code></a> <span class=ed>@@ if !notationName</span>.</li>      <li class=ed></li>
     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the  
     <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>  
     <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value contains any character  
     that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | <!--#xD | #xA |-->  
     [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,  
     or contains a leading <code class=char>U+0020</code> character,  
     a trailing <code class=char>U+0020</code> character, or a  
     sequence of two or more <code class=char>U+0020</code> characters,  
     then it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-public-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
     <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains  
     both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
     <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->  
     <li class=ed>@@ <code>notationName</code></li>  
746      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
747      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      any nodes, they are in
748      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-et-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
749      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or      <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#elemdecls">At user option, an XML processor MAY issue a warning when a declaration mentions an element type for which no declaration is provided, but this is not an error.</q></li>
750      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a      <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-element-content">For compatibility, it is an error if the content model allows an element to match more than one occurrence of an element type in the content model. </q></li>
751      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-entity-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <li class=ed>@@ #vc-MixedChildrenUnique
752        Validity constraint: No Duplicate Types</li>
753        <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#attdecls">At user option, an XML processor MAY issue a warning if attributes are declared for an element type not itself declared, but this is not an error.</q></li>
754        <li>If there is more than one <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node
755        with <span class=ed>attribute type <code>ID</code></span> in the
756        <code>NamedNodeMap</code> list contained in the
757        <code>attributeDefinitions</code> attribute of <var>n</var>, then raise an
758        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-one-id-per-el><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
759        <li>If there is more than one <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node
760        with <span class=ed>attribute type <code>NOTATION</code></span> in the
761        <code>NamedNodeMap</code> list contained in the
762        <code>attributeDefinitions</code> attribute of <var>n</var>, then raise an
763        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-one-notation-per><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
764        <li class=ed>"For interoperability, the same Nmtoken  SHOULD NOT occur more than once in the enumerated attribute types of a single element type."</li>
765        </ol>
766      </dd>
767    <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node whose
768    <code>notationName</code> attribute value is <code>null</code> (i.e. a
769    parsed entity)</dt>
770      <dd>
771        <ol>
772        <li>Raise an
773        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
774        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
775        <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
776        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
777        the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
778        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
779        the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
780        <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> is
781        <em>not</em> <code>null</code> and the <code>systemId</code> attribute
782        value of <var>n</var> is <code>null</code>, then raise an
783        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-entity-sid><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
784        <li>For each node <dfn id=var-entity-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
785        in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
786          <ol>
787          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
788          <code>Element</code>,
789          <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,
790          <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or <code>EntityReference</code>
791          node, then it is an
792          <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-entity-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
793          <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
794          <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
795          <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
796          <li>Otherwise,
797          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
798          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
799          </ol></li>
800        </ol>
801      </dd>
802    <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node whose
803    <code>notationName</code> attribute value is <em>not</em> <code>null</code>
804    (i.e. an unparsed entity)</dt>
805      <dd>
806        <ol>
807        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
808        <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
809        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
810        the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
811        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
812        the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
813        <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> is
814        <code>null</code>, then raise an
815        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-uentity-sid><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
816        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
817        <code>notationName</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> as an
818        <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
819        <li class=ed>@@ #not-declared Validity constraint: Notation Declared</li>
820      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
821      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an      any nodes, they are in
822      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-uentity-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in  
     <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,  
     which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>  
823      </ol>      </ol>
824    </dd>    </dd>
825  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>EntityReference</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>EntityReference</code> node</dt>
826    <dd>    <dd>
827      <ol>      <ol>
828      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
829      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
830      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
831      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-er-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
832      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
833      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,        <ol>
834      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
835      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <code>Element</code>,
836      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-er-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,
837      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or <code>EntityReference</code>
838      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        node, then it is an
839      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-entity><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-er-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
840      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>, in        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
841      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
842      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> recursively.</li>        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
843          <li>Otherwise,
844          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
845          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
846          </ol></li>
847      </ol>      </ol>
848    </dd>    </dd>
849  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Notation</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Notation</code> node</dt>
850    <dd>    <dd>
851      <ol>      <ol>
852      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
853      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
854      <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value contains any character      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
855      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | <!--#xD | #xA |-->      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
856      [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
857      or contains a leading <code class=char>U+0020</code> character,      the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
     a trailing <code class=char>U+0020</code> character, or a  
     sequence of two or more <code class=char>U+0020</code> characters,  
     then it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-public-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
     <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains  
     both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
858      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
859      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
860      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-notation-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-notation-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
861      </ol>      </ol>
862    </dd>    </dd>
863  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node</dt>
864    <dd>    <dd>
865      <ol>      <ol>
866      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li>If the <code>target</code> attribute value matches to the string
867      <code>target</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>xml</code> in any case combination, then raise a
     <li>If the <code>target</code> attribute value matches to  
     <code>XML</code> case-insensitively, then it is a  
868      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-xml><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-xml><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
869      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the      <li>Otherwise, <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">validate the
870      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character      <code>target</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
871        <li>Then,
872        <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML character data">validate
873        the <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
874      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
875      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains a string
876      a string <code>?></code>, or starts with either      <code>?></code>, then raise a
877      <code class=char>U+0009</code>, <code class=char>U+000A</code>,      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-pic><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
878      <code class=char>U+000D</code>, or <code class=char>U+0020</code>      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value starts with either
879      character, then it is a      <code class=char>U+0009</code> <code class=charname>CHARACTER
880      <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pi-data><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.</li>      TABULATION</code>, <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE
881        FEED</code>, <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE
882        RETURN</code>, or <code class=char>U+0020</code>
883        <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character, then raise a
884        <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pi-s><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.</li>
885      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
886      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, then raise an
887      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
888      </ol>      </ol>
889    </dd>    </dd>
890  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Text</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Text</code> node</dt>
# Line 450  following:</p> Line 895  following:</p>
895      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
896      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
897      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
898      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-text-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-text-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
899      </ol>      </ol>
900    </dd>    </dd>
901  <dt>Otherwise</dt>  <dt>Otherwise</dt>
902    <dd><span class=ed>xml-well-formedness-error?  unknown-error?</span></dd>    <dd><span class=ed>xml-well-formedness-error?  unknown-error?</span></dd>
903  </dl>  </dl>
904    
 <p>The algorithm  
 <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data title-"to validate an XML character data">to  
 validate an <abbr>XML</abbr> character data  
 (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as following:</p>  
 <ol>  
 <li class=ed>@@</li>  
 </ol>  
   
 <p>The algorithm  
 <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-name title="to validate a Name">to validate a  
 <code>Name</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined  
 as following:</p>  
 <ol>  
 <li class=ed>@@</li>  
 </ol>  
   
 <p>The algorithm  
 <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname title="to validate an NCName">to  
 validate an <code>NCName</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn>  
 is defined as following:</p>  
 <ol>  
 <li class=ed>@@</li>  
 </ol>  
   
905  </div>  </div>
906    
907  <div class="section" id="examples">  </div>
 <h2>Examples</h2>  
   
 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>  
908    
909  <div class="ed issue">  <div id=classes class=section>
910    <h2>Character Classes</h2>
911    
912  <div class="example figure block">  <p>This section defines a couple of character classes.
913  <div class="caption">...</div>  These classes are referred to by algorithms specified above.</p>
914    
915  <pre><code>...</code></pre>  <p>Character class <dfn id=class-Char10><code>Char10</code></dfn>
916    contains the following characters:</p>
917    <ul>
918    <li><code class=char>U+0009</code> <code class=charname>CHARACTER
919    TABULATION</code></li>
920    <li><code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code></li>
921    <li><code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE
922    RETURN</code></li>
923    <li><code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>
924    .. <code class=char>U+D7FF</code></li>
925    <li><code class=char>U+E000</code> .. <code class=char>U+FFFD</code>
926    <code class=charname>REPLACEMENT CHARACTER</code></li>
927    <li><code class=char>U+10000</code> .. <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code></li>
928    </ul>
929    <div class="note memo">
930    <p>This character class contains all characters allowed in the production rule
931    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#NT-Char"><code>Char</code></a>
932    of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
933    <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>.</p>
934  </div>  </div>
935    
936    <p>Character class <dfn id=class-CompatChar10><code>CompatChar10</code></dfn>
937    contains the following characters:</p>
938    <ul>
939    <li class=ed>@@ <q>Document authors are encouraged to avoid "compatibility characters", as defined in section 6.8 of [Unicode @@ Unicode 2.0 @@] (see also D21 in section 3.6 of [Unicode3]).</q></li>
940    </ul>
941    
942    <p>Character class <dfn id=class-ControlChar10><code>ControlChar10</code></dfn>
943    contains the following characters:</p>
944    <ul>
945    <li><code class=char>U+007F</code> <code class=charname>DELETE</code> ..
946    <code class=char>U+0084</code> <code class=charname>INDEX</code></li>
947    <li><code class=char>U+0086</code> <code class=charname>START OF SELECTED
948    AREA</code> .. <code class=char>U+009F</code> <code class=charname>APPLICATION
949    PROGRAM COMMAND</code></li>
950    <li><code class=char>U+FDD0</code> .. <code class=char>U+FDEF</code></li>
951    <li><code class=char>U+1FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+1FFFF</code></li>
952    <li><code class=char>U+2FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+2FFFF</code></li>
953    <li><code class=char>U+3FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+3FFFF</code></li>
954    <li><code class=char>U+4FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+4FFFF</code></li>
955    <li><code class=char>U+5FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+5FFFF</code></li>
956    <li><code class=char>U+6FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+6FFFF</code></li>
957    <li><code class=char>U+7FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+7FFFF</code></li>
958    <li><code class=char>U+8FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+8FFFF</code></li>
959    <li><code class=char>U+9FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+9FFFF</code></li>
960    <li><code class=char>U+AFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+AFFFF</code></li>
961    <li><code class=char>U+BFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+BFFFF</code></li>
962    <li><code class=char>U+CFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+CFFFF</code></li>
963    <li><code class=char>U+DFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+DFFFF</code></li>
964    <li><code class=char>U+EFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+EFFFF</code></li>
965    <li><code class=char>U+FFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+FFFFF</code></li>
966    <li><code class=char>U+10FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code></li>
967    </ul>
968    <div class="note memo">
969    <p>This character class contains the characters listed in the Note in
970    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#charsets">Section 2.2</a>
971    of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
972    <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>,
973    as amended by
974    <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/xml-V10-4e-errata#E02">errata</a>.</p>
975  </div>  </div>
976    
977  </div>  </div>
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