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-revision 1.15 by wakaba,
Thu Nov 15 10:03:02 2007 UTC
+revision 1.23 by wakaba,
Sun Mar 16 12:37:17 2008 UTC
 Line 18
  <div class="header">
  <h1>manakai's <abbr>XML</abbr> Conformance Checking</h1>
- <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-11-15>15 November 2007</time></h2>
+ <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2008-03-16>16 March 2008</time></h2>
  <dl class="versions-uri">
  <dt>This Version</dt>
 Line 42
        >w@suika.fam.cx</a>&gt;</code></dd>
  </dl>
- <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; <time>2007</time> <a
+ <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; <time>2007</time>$B!>(B<time>2008</time> <a
      href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author">Wakaba</a>.
  Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
  under the terms of the <a rel="license"
 Line 118 
 else in this specification is normative.
  <p><span class=ed>Algorithm is normative but non-normative</span>.
  In addition, the order in which <a href="#errors">errors</a> are
  raised is undefined.</p>
+ <p>This document sometimes cites parts of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0 specification
+ by hyperlinks.  When the document being processed is an <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.1
+ document, however, corresponding parts of the <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.1
+ specification should be consulted instead.</p>
  </div>
-Line 135 
 into a well$B!>(Bformed XML document.
+Line 140 
 into a well$B!>(Bformed XML document.
  can be easily serialized into a valid XML document.</p>
  </div>
+ <p class=ed>To be a conforming <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#dt-validating">validating XML processor</a>,
+ ...</p>
  <p>Errors are classified into these
  <dfn id=error-category title="error category">error categories</dfn>:</p>
-Line 206 
 can be easily serialized into a valid XM
+Line 214 
 can be easily serialized into a valid XM
  <div class=ed><p>@@ TODO: #dt-atuseroption at user option
  (MAY or MUST), #dt-compat for compatibility,
- #dt-interop for interoperability</p></div>
+ #dt-interop for interoperability</p>
+ <p>TODO: XML 1.1, XML Namespace 1.0/1.1, xml:base, xml:id
+ </div>
  </div>
  <div class=section id=parsing-xml>
  <h2>Parsing <abbr>XML</abbr> Document</h2>
- <ul>
+ <p>When an <abbr>XML</abbr> document is parsed, the following clauses
- <li>If the <abbr>XML</abbr> document does not begin with an
+ are applied:</p>
- <abbr>XML</abbr> declaration, then raise an
+ <dl>
- <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-xml-decl><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
+ <dt>For each document
- <li>If the replacement text of an entity declaration is
+   <dd>If the <abbr>XML</abbr> document does not begin with an
- <code>&lt;</code>, then raise an
+   <abbr>XML</abbr> declaration, then the parser <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em>
- <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-entity-value-lt><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.<!--
+   raise an
+   <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-xml-decl><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.
+ <dt>For each internal general entity declaration processed by the parser
+   <dd>If the
+   <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#NT-EntityValue"><code>EntityValue</code></a>
+   part of the general entity declaration contains a bare <code>U+003C</code>
+   <code>LESS-THAN SIGN</code> (<code>&lt;</code>) character, then the parser
+   <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> raise an
+   <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-entity-value-lt><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.<!--
  "strongly advised to avoid" in a Note in Section 2.3 of [XML10], [XML11].
- --></li>
+ -->
- <li>If attribute definition whose <code>Name</code> is
+ <dt>For each element type declaration processed by the parser
- <code>xml:space</code> has <span class=ed>declared type different from
+   <dd>If there is another element type declaration whose <code>Name</code>
- (default|preserve), (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
+   is equal to the <code>Name</code> of the element type declaration, then
- <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-ad-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.
+   the parser <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> raise an
- <span class=ed>@@ duplication with
+   <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-edunique><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.
- <a href="#xml-at-xml-space">#xml-at-xml-space</a>.<!--
+ <!--
- <!ATTLIST e xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED> --></span></li>
+   NOTE: <!ATTLIST a xml:space (default) #IMPLIED xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED>
- <li>If an empty-element tag is used for an element which is <em>not</em>
+   will not be warned.
- declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise an
+ -->
- <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-emptyelemtag-not-empty><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
+ <dt>For each empty-element tag
- <li>If an empty-element tag is <em>not</em> used for an element which is
+   <dd>If the <code>Name</code> of the tag is not declared by a processed
- declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise an
+   element type declaration as <code>EMPTY</code> content, then the parser
- <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-empty-not-emptyelemtag><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
+   <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> raise an
+   <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-emptyelemtag-not-empty><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.
+ <dt>For each start-tag
+   <dd>If the <code>Name</code> of the tag is declared by a processed element
+   type declaration as <code>EMPTY</code> content, then the parser
+   <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> raise an
+   <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-empty-not-emptyelemtag><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.
  <!--
  #vc-PEinMarkupDecl Validity constraint: Proper Declaration/PE Nesting
-Line 245 
 declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise
+Line 270 
 declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise
  #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec
  #NoExternalRefs Well-formedness constraint: No External Entity References
  #CleanAttrVals Well-formedness constraint: No < in Attribute Values
+ #vc-PEinGroup Validity constraint: Proper Group/PE Nesting
+ "For interoperability, if a parameter-entity reference appears in a choice, seq, or Mixed construct, its replacement text SHOULD contain at least one non-blank character, and neither the first nor last non-blank character of the replacement text SHOULD be a connector (| or ,)."
+ "For interoperability, an XML processor MAY at user option issue a warning when more than one attribute-list declaration is provided for a given element type, or more than one attribute definition is provided for a given attribute, but this is not an error."
+ #condsec-nesting Validity constraint: Proper Conditional Section/PE Nesting
+ #wf-Legalchar Well-formedness constraint: Legal Character
+ #textent Well-formedness constraint: Parsed Entity
+ #norecursion Well-formedness constraint: No Recursion
+ #indtd Well-formedness constraint: In DTD
+ "External parsed entities SHOULD each begin with a text declaration."
+ "It is an error for a reference to an unparsed entity to appear in the EntityValue in an entity declaration."
+ #UniqueNotationName Validity constraint: Unique Notation Name
  @@ Need detailed review, but maybe should be in parsing phase
  #vc-check-rmd Validity constraint: Standalone Document Declaration
+ @@ Need dtailed review
+ #wf-entdeclared Well-formedness constraint: Entity Declared
+ #vc-entdeclared Validity constraint: Entity Declared
+ "For interoperability, valid documents SHOULD declare the entities amp, lt, gt, apos, quot, in the form specified in 4.6 Predefined Entities."
+ "If the entities lt or amp are declared, they MUST be declared as internal entities whose replacement text is a character reference to the respective character (less-than sign or ampersand) being escaped; the double escaping is REQUIRED for these entities so that references to them produce a well-formed result. If the entities gt, apos, or quot are declared, they MUST be declared as internal entities whose replacement text is the single character being escaped (or a character reference to that character; the double escaping here is OPTIONAL but harmless)."
+ @@ flaged and then reported in DOM check phase
+ "Entities encoded in UTF-16 MUST and entities encoded in UTF-8 MAY begin with the Byte Order Mark"
+ "In the absence of external character encoding information (such as MIME headers), parsed entities which are stored in an encoding other than UTF-8 or UTF-16 MUST begin with a text declaration"
+ "In an encoding declaration, the values "UTF-8", "UTF-16", "ISO-10646-UCS-2", and "ISO-10646-UCS-4" SHOULD be used for the various encodings and transformations of Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646, the values "ISO-8859-1", "ISO-8859-2", ... "ISO-8859-n" (where n is the part number) SHOULD be used for the parts of ISO 8859, and the values "ISO-2022-JP", "Shift_JIS", and "EUC-JP" SHOULD be used for the various encoded forms of JIS X-0208-1997. It is RECOMMENDED that character encodings registered (as charsets) with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority [IANA-CHARSETS], other than those just listed, be referred to using their registered names; other encodings SHOULD use names starting with an "x-" prefix."
+ @@ in parsing phase
+ "It is a fatal error when an XML processor encounters an entity with an encoding that it is unable to process. It is a fatal error if an XML entity is determined (via default, encoding declaration, or higher-level protocol) to be in a certain encoding but contains byte sequences that are not legal in that encoding."
+ @@ We should phrase out what the parser should do where the XML specification
+ left undefined.  For example: Comment must be converted to a Comment node,
+ illegal xml:space value must be preserved, so on.
  -->
- </ul>
+ </dl>
  </div>
  <div class="section" id=checking-dom>
-Line 280 
 is that of the <code>Document</code> nod
+Line 337 
 is that of the <code>Document</code> nod
  <div class=section id=checking-components>
- <h3>Checking Components</h3>
+ <h3>Conformance Checking Algorithms for Components</h3>
- <p>The algorithm
+ <p>To
- <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data title-"to validate an XML character data">to
+ <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data title="validate an XML string">to
- validate an <abbr>XML</abbr> character data
+ validate an <abbr>XML</abbr> string (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
- (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as following:</p>
+ the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
  <ol>
  <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is <em>not</em> in
  the character class <a href="#class-Char10"><code>Char10</code></a>,
-Line 310 
 U+000D will be serialized as &#x000D; (s
+Line 367 
 U+000D will be serialized as &#x000D; (s
  will be raised).</span></li>
  </ol>
- <p>The algorithm
+ <p>To
- <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-name title="to validate a Name">to validate a
+ <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-name title="validate a Name">validate a
- <code>Name</code> (<dfn id=var-name-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined
+ <code>Name</code> (<dfn id=var-name-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the following
- as following:</p>
+ algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
  <ol>
+ <li>If <var>s</var> is an empty string, then raise an
+ <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-name-empty><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.
+ Abort these steps.</li>
+ <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML string">Validate
+ <var>s</var> as an <abbr>XML</abbr> string</a>.</li>
+ <li>If the first character in <var>s</var> is a character that is
+ <em>not</em> in the character class
+ <a href="#class-NameStartChar10"><code>NameStartChar10</code></a>, then raise
+ an
+ <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-name-startchar><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+ <li>If a character other than the first character in <var>s</var> is a
+ character that is <em>not</em> in the character class
+ <a href="#class-NameChar10"><code>NameChar10</code></a>, then raise an
+ <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-name-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
  <li>If <var>s</var> begins with the string <code>xml</code> (in any
  case combination), then raise an
  <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-reserved-name><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.
-Line 323 
 case combination), then raise an
+Line 394 
 case combination), then raise an
  <code>xmlns</code>, <code>xmlns:<var>*</var></code>,
  pi name <code>xml-stylesheet</code>.</span><!--
  "names beginning with a match to (('X'|'x')('M'|'m')('L'|'l')) are reserved for standardization in this or future versions of this specification.":
- xml:base and xml:id specifications violate to this sentense!
+ xmlns, xml-stylesheet, xml:base and xml:id specifications violate to this sentense!
  --></li>
  <!-- COLON in Name is a lowercase "should not" in a Note of [XML10],
  [XML11]. -->
- <li class=ed>@@</li>
+ <li class=ed>@@ XML 1.1 support</li>
  </ol>
- <p>The algorithm
+ <p>To
- <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname title="to validate an NCName">to
+ <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname title="validate an NCName">validate
- validate an <code>NCName</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn>
+ an <code>NCName</code> (<dfn id=var-ncname-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the
- is defined as following:</p>
+ following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
  <ol>
+ <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-name" title="validate a Name">Validate
+ <var>s</var> as a <code>Name</code></a>.</li>
  <li class=ed>@@</li>
  </ol>
- <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier title="validate a public identifier">validate
+ <p>To
+ <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier title="validate a public identifier">validate
  a public identifier (<dfn id=var-pid><var>pid</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the
- algorithm below <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
+ following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
  <ol>
-   <li>If <var>pid</var> contains any character
+ <li>If <var>pid</var> is <code>null</code>, abort these steps.</li>
-   that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | #xD | #xA |
+ <li>If <var>pid</var> contains a character that is <em>not</em> in the
-   [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,
+ character class <a href="#class-PubidChar"><code>PubidChar</code></a>, then
-   then it is an
+ raise an
-   <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pubid-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+ <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pubid-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
    <li>If <var>pid</var> contains one of <code class=char>U+0009</code>
    <code class=charname>CHARACTER TABULATION</code>,
    <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>,
-Line 358 
 algorithm below <em class=rfc2119>MUST</
+Line 432 
 algorithm below <em class=rfc2119>MUST</
    <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character
    immediately followed by another <code class=char>U+0020</code>
    <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character in <var>pid</var>, then it is a
-   <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pubid-space><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.</li>
+   <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pubid-space><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.
-   <li class=ed>@@ Should we check formal-public-identifierness?</li>
+   <span class=ed>Is this really a roundtripness problem?  XML spec
+   does only define the way to match public identifiers in fact, no
+   canonical form.</span></li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>To
+ <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier title="validate a system identifier">validate
+ a system identifier (<dfn id=var-sid><var>sid</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the
+ following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
+ <ol>
+   <li>If <var>sid</var> is <code>null</code>, abort these steps.</li>
+ <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML string">Validate
+ <var>sid</var> as an <abbr>XML</abbr> string</a>.</li>
+   <li>If <var>sid</var> contains both <code class=char>U+0022</code>
+   <code class=charname>QUOTATION MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) and
+   <code class=char>U+0027</code> <code class=charname>APOSTROPHE</code>
+   (<code class=char>'</code>) characters, raise an
+   <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-sid-lit><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+   <li>If <var>sid</var> contains at least one <code class=char>U+0023</code>
+   <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>)
+   character, then raise an
+   <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-sid-fragment><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.</li>
+   <li class=ed>@@ If <var>sid</var> cannot be converted to a URI
+   reference, then raise a fact-level error (xml-misc-warning?).<!--
+   XML 1.0 has no conformance language for system identifier being
+   a URI reference. --></li>
  </ol>
  </div>
-Line 374 
 following:</p>
+Line 473 
 following:</p>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Attr</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
      <code>localName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from
-     <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate
+     <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">validate
      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-attr-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn> in the
      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
-Line 405 
 following:</p>
+Line 504 
 following:</p>
      <li class=ed>@@ <code>specified</code>,
      <code>manakaiAttributeType</code> (#ValueType Validity constraint: Attribute Value Type)</li>
      <!-- xml:space MUST be declared to be valid. -->
+     <li>Let <dfn id=var-v><var>v</var></dfn> be the value of the
+     attribute <code>value</code> of <var>n</var>.</li>
+     <li>Validate the <var>n</var> against the <span class=ed>declared
+     type</span> as following:
+       <dl class=switch>
+       <dt class=ed><code>ID_ATTR</code></dt>
+         <dd>
+           <ol>
+           <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
+           <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           <li><span class=ed>If <code>ID</code> <var>v</var> is defined,</span>
+           then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-duplication><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           </ol>
+         </dd>
+       <dt class=ed>IDREF_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd>
+           <ol>
+           <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
+           <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-idref-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           <li><span class=ed>If <code>ID</code> <var>v</var> is NOT
+           defined,</span> then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-idref-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           </ol>
+         </dd>
+       <dt class=ed>IDREFS_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
+       <dt class=ed>ENTITY_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd>
+           <ol>
+           <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
+           <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-entname-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           <li><span class=ed>If <code>Entity</code> <var>v</var> is NOT
+           defined,</span> then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-entname-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           </ol>
+         </dd>
+       <dt class=ed>ENTITIES_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
+       <dt class=ed>NMTOKEN_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd>
+           <ol>
+           <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
+           <code>Nmtoken</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
+           <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-nmtok-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+           </ol>
+         </dd>
+       <dt class=ed>NMTOKENS_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
+       <dt class=ed>NOTATION_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd class=ed><var>v</var> must be one of enumerated values.
+         If not, then raise an
+         <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-notatn-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</dd>
+       <dt class=ed>ENUMERATED_ATTR</dt>
+         <dd class=ed><var>v</var> must be one of enumerated values.
+         If not, then raise an
+         <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-enum><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</dd>
+       <dt class=ed>@@</dt>
+       </dl>
+     </li>
+     <li>If <span class=ed>type ID and default is NOT #IMPLIED or #REQUIRED</span>, then
+     raise an
+     <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-default><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ #FixedAttr Validity constraint: Fixed Attribute Default</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ strict serialization error for U+000D, U+000A, and
+     U+0009 characters, leading/trailing U+0020, and U+0020{2,} string?</li>
      </ol>
    </dd>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node</dt>
-Line 414 
 following:</p>
+Line 582 
 following:</p>
      <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
      <code>xml:space</code> <span class=ed>@@ or {xml namespace}:space ?</span>
      and <span class=ed>its declared type is different from (default|preserve),
-     (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
+     (preserve|default), (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
      <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-at-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.</li>
      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-ad-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn> in the
      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
-Line 429 
 following:</p>
+Line 597 
 following:</p>
        <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
        <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
        </ol></li>
+     <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code>, enumerated values MUST
+     be declared.  If not, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-notatn-declared><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code> or <code>ENUMERATED_ATTR</code>,
+     values MUST all be distinct.  If not, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-no-duplicate-tokens><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code> on an <code>EMPTY</code>
+     element, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-no-notation-empty><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ #defattrvalid Validity constraint: Attribute Default Value Syntactically Correct</li>
      </ol>
    </dd>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>CDATASection</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML string">Validate the
      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
      data</a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains
-Line 450 
 following:</p>
+Line 628 
 following:</p>
      <ol>
      <li>Raise an
      <a href="#round-trip-warning" id=rtw-comment><code>round-trip-warning</code></a>.</li>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML string">Validate the
      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
      data</a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains
-Line 517 
 following:</p>
+Line 695 
 following:</p>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentType</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>Follow the following substeps:
        <ol>
-Line 536 
 following:</p>
+Line 714 
 following:</p>
      </li>
      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
-     <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
-     both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a
+     the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
-     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> is
-     <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->
+     <em>not</em> <code>null</code> and the <code>systemId</code> attribute
+     value of <var>n</var> is <code>null</code>, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-sid><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.
+     <span class=ed>@@ publicId == null?  Or, publicId == ""</span></li>
      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-dt-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
        <ol>
-Line 551 
 following:</p>
+Line 732 
 following:</p>
        <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
        <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
        </ol></li>
-     <li class=ed>@@ <code>entities</code>, <code>notations</code>,
+     <li>For each node in the <code>entities</code>, <code>notations</code>,
-     <code>elementTypes</code>, externally declared?</li>
+     and <code>elementTypes</code> lists of <var>n</var>,
+     <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check the
+     node</a> recursively.</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ externally declared?</li>
      </ol>
    </dd>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Element</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
      <code>localName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from
-     <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate
+     <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">validate
      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-element-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
-Line 580 
 following:</p>
+Line 764 
 following:</p>
        <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
        </ol></li>
      <li class=ed>@@ #elementvalid Validity constraint: Element Valid</li>
-     <li class=ed>@@ #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec</li>
+     <li>Let <var>attrs</var> be the value of the <code>attribute</code>
+     attribute of <var>n</var>.  Check conformance of <var>attrs</var>
+     as following:
+       <ol>
+       <li>If <var>attrs</var> contains an <code>Attr</code> node whose
+       <code>nodeName</code> attribute value is equal to that of another
+       <code>Attr</code> node in <var>attrs</var>, then raise an
+       <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-uniqattspec><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.<!--
+       #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec --></li>
+       <li class=ed>@@ #RequiredAttr Validity constraint: Required Attribute</li>
+       </ol>
+     </li>
      </ol>
    </dd>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>ElementTypeDefinition</code> node</dt>
-Line 590 
 following:</p>
+Line 785 
 following:</p>
      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
      any nodes, they are in
      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-et-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#elemdecls">At user option, an XML processor MAY issue a warning when a declaration mentions an element type for which no declaration is provided, but this is not an error.</q></li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-element-content">For compatibility, it is an error if the content model allows an element to match more than one occurrence of an element type in the content model. </q></li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ #vc-MixedChildrenUnique
+     Validity constraint: No Duplicate Types</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#attdecls">At user option, an XML processor MAY issue a warning if attributes are declared for an element type not itself declared, but this is not an error.</q></li>
+     <li>If there is more than one <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node
+     with <span class=ed>attribute type <code>ID</code></span> in the
+     <code>NamedNodeMap</code> list contained in the
+     <code>attributeDefinitions</code> attribute of <var>n</var>, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-one-id-per-el><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li>If there is more than one <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node
+     with <span class=ed>attribute type <code>NOTATION</code></span> in the
+     <code>NamedNodeMap</code> list contained in the
+     <code>attributeDefinitions</code> attribute of <var>n</var>, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-one-notation-per><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>"For interoperability, the same Nmtoken  SHOULD NOT occur more than once in the enumerated attribute types of a single element type."</li>
      </ol>
    </dd>
- <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node</dt>
+ <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node whose
+ <code>notationName</code> attribute value is <code>null</code> (i.e. a
+ parsed entity)</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-node><code>entity-error</code></a> <span class=ed>@@ if !notationName</span>.</li>
+     <li>Raise an
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
+     <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
-     <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
-     both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a
+     the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
-     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> is
-     <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->
+     <em>not</em> <code>null</code> and the <code>systemId</code> attribute
-     <li class=ed>@@ <code>notationName</code></li>
+     value of <var>n</var> is <code>null</code>, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-entity-sid><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-entity-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
        <ol>
-Line 623 
 following:</p>
+Line 838 
 following:</p>
        </ol></li>
      </ol>
    </dd>
+ <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node whose
+ <code>notationName</code> attribute value is <em>not</em> <code>null</code>
+ (i.e. an unparsed entity)</dt>
+   <dd>
+     <ol>
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
+     <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
+     the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
+     the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
+     <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> is
+     <code>null</code>, then raise an
+     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-uentity-sid><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
+     <code>notationName</code> attribute value of <var>n</var> as an
+     <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
+     <li class=ed>@@ #not-declared Validity constraint: Notation Declared</li>
+     <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
+     any nodes, they are in
+     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-uentity-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
+     </ol>
+   </dd>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>EntityReference</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-er-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
-Line 650 
 following:</p>
+Line 888 
 following:</p>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Notation</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">Validate the
      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
-     <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-system-identifier" title="validate a system identifier">Validate
-     both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a
+     the <code>systemId</code> attribute value as a system identifier</a>.</li>
-     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
      any nodes, they are in
      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-notation-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
-Line 668 
 following:</p>
+Line 905 
 following:</p>
      <li>If the <code>target</code> attribute value matches to the string
      <code>xml</code> in any case combination, then raise a
      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-xml><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
-     <li>Otherwise, <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate the
+     <li>Otherwise, <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-ncname">validate the
      <code>target</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
      <li>Then,
-     <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML character data">validate
+     <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML string">validate
      the <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
      data</a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains a string
-Line 692 
 following:</p>
+Line 929 
 following:</p>
  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Text</code> node</dt>
    <dd>
      <ol>
-     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the
+     <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML string">Validate the
      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
      data</a>.</li>
      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
-Line 776 
 as amended by
+Line 1013 
 as amended by
  <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/xml-V10-4e-errata#E02">errata</a>.</p>
  </div>
+ <p>The character class <dfn id=class-NameStartChar10><code>NameStartChar10</code></dfn>
+ contains the following characters:</p>
+ <ul class=ed>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="note memo">
+ <p>This character class contains all characters allowed as the first character
+ of a string matching to the production rule
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#NT-Name"><code>Name</code></a>
+ of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
+ <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>.</p>
+ </div>
+ <p>The character class <dfn id=class-NameChar10><code>NameChar10</code></dfn>
+ contains the following characters:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>The characters in the character class
+ <a href="#class-NameStartChar10">NameStartChar10</a>.</li>
+ <li class=ed></li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="note memo">
+ <p>This character class contains all characters allowed as the second
+ character of a string matching to the production rule
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#NT-Name"><code>Name</code></a>
+ of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
+ <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>.</p>
+ </div>
+ <p>The character class <dfn id=class-PubidChar><code>PubidChar</code></dfn>
+ contains the following characters:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0009</code> <code class=charname>CHARACTER
+ TABULATION</code></li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code></li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE
+ RETURN</code></li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code></li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
+ (<code class=char>!</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>DOLLAR SIGN</code>
+ (<code class=char>$</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0024</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code>
+ (<code class=char>#</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0025</code> <code class=charname>PERCENT SIGN</code>
+ (<code class=char>%</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0027</code> <code class=charname>APOSTROPHE</code>
+ (<code class=char>'</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT PARENTHESIS</code>
+ (<code class=char>(</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0029</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
+ PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>)</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
+ (<code class=char>*</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>
+ (<code class=char>+</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+002C</code> <code class=charname>COMMA</code>
+ (<code class=char>,</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
+ (<code class=char>-</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL STOP</code>
+ (<code class=char>.</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+002F</code> <code class=charname>SOLIDUS</code>
+ (<code class=char>/</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
+ (<code class=char>0</code>) .. <code class=char>U+0039</code>
+ <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+003A</code> <code class=charname>COLON</code>
+ (<code class=char>:</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+003B</code> <code class=charname>SEMICOLON</code>
+ (<code class=char>;</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+003D</code> <code class=charname>EQUAL SIGN</code>
+ (<code class=char>=</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+003F</code> <code class=charname>QUESTION MARK</code>
+ (<code class=char>?</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0040</code> <code class=charname>COMMERCIAL AT</code>
+ (<code class=char>@</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
+ A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) .. <code class=char>U+005A</code>
+ <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code>
+ (<code class=char>Z</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
+ (<code class=char>_</code>)</li>
+ <li><code class=char>U+0061</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
+ A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) .. <code class=char>U+007A</code>
+ <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code>
+ (<code class=char>Z</code>)</li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="note memo">
+ <p>This character class contains all characters allowed in the production rule
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#NT-PubidChar"><code>PubidChar</code></a>
+ of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
+ <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>.</p>
+ </div>
  </div>
  <div id="references" class="section reference">

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