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revision 1.1 by wakaba, Mon Nov 12 12:22:48 2007 UTC revision 1.17 by wakaba, Sat Dec 1 12:19:41 2007 UTC
# Line 1  Line 1 
1  <!DOCTYPE html>  <!DOCTYPE html>
2  <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">  <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">
3  <head>  <head>
4  <title class=ed>DOM XML Checking</title>  <title>manakai's XML Conformance Checking</title>
5  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">
6  <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">  <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">
7    <style>
8      a[id]::before {
9        content: "[" attr(id) "]";
10        color: gray;
11        font-size: 70%;
12        font-family: Courier New, monospace;
13        vertical-align: 60%;
14      }
15    </style>
16  </head>  </head>
17  <body class="has-abstract">  <body class="has-abstract">
18    
19  <div class="header">  <div class="header">
20  <h1 class=ed>DOM XML Checking</h1>  <h1>manakai's <abbr>XML</abbr> Conformance Checking</h1>
21  <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-10-27>27 October 2007</time></h2>  <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-12-01>1 December 2007</time></h2>
22    
23  <dl class="versions-uri ed">  <dl class="versions-uri">
24  <dt>This Version</dt>  <dt>This Version</dt>
25    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc-work"
26        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc-work</a>&gt;</code></dd>
27  <dt>Latest Version</dt>  <dt>Latest Version</dt>
28    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc"
29        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc</a>&gt;</code></dd>
 <!--  
30  <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>  <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>
31  -->    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc-work"
32          >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc-work</a>&gt;</code></dd>
33  <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->  <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->
34  <dt>Version History</dt>  <dt>Version History</dt>
35    <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>    <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc-work.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/xml/xmlcc/xmlcc-work.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>
36  </dl>  </dl>
37  <dl class="authors" id="author">  <dl class="authors" id="author">
38  <dt>Author</dt>  <dt>Author</dt>
# Line 111  In addition, the order in which <a href= Line 120  In addition, the order in which <a href=
120  raised is undefined.</p>  raised is undefined.</p>
121  </div>  </div>
122    
 <div class="section">  
 <h2 class=ed>Algorithms</h2>  
123    
124  <p>The following algorithms and definitions are applied to  <div class=section id=error-categories>
125  <abbr>XML</abbr> documents; especially, they are not applied  <h2>Error Classification</h2>
 to <abbr>HTML</abbr> documents.<!-- TODO: ref to HTML5 --></p>  
126    
127  <p class=ed>If a <code>Document</code> node has no  <p class=ed>If a <code>Document</code> node has no
128  xml-well-formedness-error, entity-error, and unknown-error,  xml-well-formedness-error, entity-error, and unknown-error,
# Line 129  into a well$B!>(Bformed XML document. Line 135  into a well$B!>(Bformed XML document.
135  can be easily serialized into a valid XML document.</p>  can be easily serialized into a valid XML document.</p>
136  </div>  </div>
137    
138    <p class=ed>To be a conforming <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#dt-validating">validating XML processor</a>,
139    ...</p>
140    
141  <p>Errors are classified into these  <p>Errors are classified into these
142  <dfn id=error-category title="error category">error categories</dfn>:</p>  <dfn id=error-category title="error category">error categories</dfn>:</p>
143    
144  <dl id=errors>  <dl id=errors>
145  <dt><dfn id=entity-error><code>entity-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=entity-error><code>entity-error</code></dfn></dt>
146    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>    <dd>
147        <p class=ed>@@</p>
148        <div class="note memo">
149          <p>This <span class=ed>algorithm</span> does not support
150          <abbr>DOM</abbr> tree with one or more <code>EntityReference</code>
151          nodes.  It is expected that any entity references are expanded
152          at the parse time and any unexpandable entity references
153          make parse time errors raised so that never result in
154          <abbr>DOM</abbr> tree with <code>EntityReference</code> nodes.</p>
155        </div>
156      </dd>
157  <dt><dfn id=round-trip-error><code>round-trip-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=round-trip-error><code>round-trip-error</code></dfn></dt>
158    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
159    <dt><dfn id=round-trip-warning><code>round-trip-warning</code></dfn></dt>
160      <dd>
161        <p>A <a href="#round-trip-warning"><code>round-trip-warning</code></a>
162        will be raised when a construct, which might not be restored to the same
163        construct when it is serialized and then re-parsed by a conforming
164        processor, is encountered.</p>
165        <div class="example memo">
166          <p>For a <code>Comment</code> node a
167          <a href="#round-trip-warning"><code>round-trip-warning</code></a> will
168          be raised, since <abbr>XML</abbr> processors are not required to
169          report texts of comments for applications.</p>
170        </div>
171      </dd>
172  <dt class=ed><dfn id=unknown-error><code>unknown-error</code></dfn>?</dt>  <dt class=ed><dfn id=unknown-error><code>unknown-error</code></dfn>?</dt>
173    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>    <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
174  <dt><dfn id=xml-misc-error><code>xml-misc-error</code></dt>  <dt><dfn id=xml-misc-error><code>xml-misc-error</code></dt>
# Line 157  can be easily serialized into a valid XM Line 189  can be easily serialized into a valid XM
189    <a href="@@/#dt-fatal">fatal error</a>)    <a href="@@/#dt-fatal">fatal error</a>)
190    that is not classified to any other <a href="#error-category">error    that is not classified to any other <a href="#error-category">error
191    category</a>. <span class=ed>@@ What errors fall into this category?</span></dd>    category</a>. <span class=ed>@@ What errors fall into this category?</span></dd>
192    <dt><dfn id=xml-misc-recommendation><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></dfn></dt>
193      <dd>
194        <p>An
195        <a href="#xml-misc-recommendation"><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>
196        will be raised if a <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em>$B!>(Blevel requirement
197        in <abbr>XML</abbr> specification is not met.</p>
198      </dd>
199  <dt><dfn id=xml-validity-error><code>xml-validity-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=xml-validity-error><code>xml-validity-error</code></dfn></dt>
200    <dd>A violation of validity constraint in XML document.</dd>    <dd>A violation of validity constraint in XML document.</dd>
201  <dt><dfn id=xml-well-formedness-error><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></dfn></dt>  <dt><dfn id=xml-well-formedness-error><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></dfn></dt>
# Line 172  can be easily serialized into a valid XM Line 211  can be easily serialized into a valid XM
211  (MAY or MUST), #dt-compat for compatibility,  (MAY or MUST), #dt-compat for compatibility,
212  #dt-interop for interoperability</p></div>  #dt-interop for interoperability</p></div>
213    
214    </div>
215    
216    <div class=section id=parsing-xml>
217    <h2>Parsing <abbr>XML</abbr> Document</h2>
218    
219    <ul>
220    <li>If the <abbr>XML</abbr> document does not begin with an
221    <abbr>XML</abbr> declaration, then raise an
222    <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-xml-decl><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
223    <li>If the replacement text of an entity declaration is
224    <code>&lt;</code>, then raise an
225    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-entity-value-lt><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.<!--
226    "strongly advised to avoid" in a Note in Section 2.3 of [XML10], [XML11].
227    --></li>
228    <li>If there is an element type declaration whose <code>Name</code>
229    value is already declared, then raise an
230    <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-edunique><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
231    <li>If attribute definition whose <code>Name</code> is
232    <code>xml:space</code> has <span class=ed>declared type different from
233    (default|preserve), (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
234    <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-ad-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.
235    <span class=ed>@@ duplication with
236    <a href="#xml-at-xml-space">#xml-at-xml-space</a>.<!--
237    <!ATTLIST e xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED xml:space CDATA #IMPLIED> --></span></li>
238    <li>If an empty-element tag is used for an element which is <em>not</em>
239    declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise an
240    <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-emptyelemtag-not-empty><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
241    <li>If an empty-element tag is <em>not</em> used for an element which is
242    declared <code>EMPTY</code>, then raise an
243    <a href="#xml-misc-recommentation" id=xmr-empty-not-emptyelemtag><code>xml-misc-recommendation</code></a>.</li>
244    <!--
245    
246    #vc-PEinMarkupDecl Validity constraint: Proper Declaration/PE Nesting
247    #wfc-PEinInternalSubset Well-formedness constraint: PEs in Internal Subset
248    #ExtSubset Well-formedness constraint: External Subset
249    #PE-between-Decls Well-formedness constraint: PE Between Declarations
250    #GIMatch Well-formedness constraint: Element Type Match
251    #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec
252    #NoExternalRefs Well-formedness constraint: No External Entity References
253    #CleanAttrVals Well-formedness constraint: No < in Attribute Values
254    #vc-PEinGroup Validity constraint: Proper Group/PE Nesting
255    "For interoperability, if a parameter-entity reference appears in a choice, seq, or Mixed construct, its replacement text SHOULD contain at least one non-blank character, and neither the first nor last non-blank character of the replacement text SHOULD be a connector (| or ,)."
256    "For interoperability, an XML processor MAY at user option issue a warning when more than one attribute-list declaration is provided for a given element type, or more than one attribute definition is provided for a given attribute, but this is not an error."
257    #condsec-nesting Validity constraint: Proper Conditional Section/PE Nesting
258    #wf-Legalchar Well-formedness constraint: Legal Character
259    #textent Well-formedness constraint: Parsed Entity
260    #norecursion Well-formedness constraint: No Recursion
261    #indtd Well-formedness constraint: In DTD
262    "External parsed entities SHOULD each begin with a text declaration."
263    "It is an error for a reference to an unparsed entity to appear in the EntityValue in an entity declaration."
264    #UniqueNotationName Validity constraint: Unique Notation Name
265    
266    @@ Need detailed review, but maybe should be in parsing phase
267    
268    #vc-check-rmd Validity constraint: Standalone Document Declaration
269    
270    @@ Need dtailed review
271    
272    #wf-entdeclared Well-formedness constraint: Entity Declared
273    #vc-entdeclared Validity constraint: Entity Declared
274    "For interoperability, valid documents SHOULD declare the entities amp, lt, gt, apos, quot, in the form specified in 4.6 Predefined Entities."
275    "If the entities lt or amp are declared, they MUST be declared as internal entities whose replacement text is a character reference to the respective character (less-than sign or ampersand) being escaped; the double escaping is REQUIRED for these entities so that references to them produce a well-formed result. If the entities gt, apos, or quot are declared, they MUST be declared as internal entities whose replacement text is the single character being escaped (or a character reference to that character; the double escaping here is OPTIONAL but harmless)."
276    
277    @@ flaged and then reported in DOM check phase
278    
279    "Entities encoded in UTF-16 MUST and entities encoded in UTF-8 MAY begin with the Byte Order Mark"
280    "In the absence of external character encoding information (such as MIME headers), parsed entities which are stored in an encoding other than UTF-8 or UTF-16 MUST begin with a text declaration"
281    "In an encoding declaration, the values "UTF-8", "UTF-16", "ISO-10646-UCS-2", and "ISO-10646-UCS-4" SHOULD be used for the various encodings and transformations of Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646, the values "ISO-8859-1", "ISO-8859-2", ... "ISO-8859-n" (where n is the part number) SHOULD be used for the parts of ISO 8859, and the values "ISO-2022-JP", "Shift_JIS", and "EUC-JP" SHOULD be used for the various encoded forms of JIS X-0208-1997. It is RECOMMENDED that character encodings registered (as charsets) with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority [IANA-CHARSETS], other than those just listed, be referred to using their registered names; other encodings SHOULD use names starting with an "x-" prefix."
282    
283    @@ in parsing phase
284    
285    "It is a fatal error when an XML processor encounters an entity with an encoding that it is unable to process. It is a fatal error if an XML entity is determined (via default, encoding declaration, or higher-level protocol) to be in a certain encoding but contains byte sequences that are not legal in that encoding."
286    
287    -->
288    </ul>
289    </div>
290    
291    <div class="section" id=checking-dom>
292    <h2>Checking <abbr>DOM</abbr></h2>
293    
294    <p>The following algorithms and definitions are applied to
295    <abbr>XML</abbr> documents; especially, they are not applied
296    to <abbr>HTML</abbr> documents.<!-- TODO: ref to HTML5 --></p>
297    
298    <div class=section id=definitions>
299    <h3>Definitions</h3>
300    
301  <p>The <dfn id=xml-version><abbr>XML</abbr> version</dfn> of a node is  <p>The <dfn id=xml-version><abbr>XML</abbr> version</dfn> of a node is
302  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document to which the node belongs.  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document to which the node belongs.
303  For a <code>Documemt</code> node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version  For a <code>Documemt</code> node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version
304  of the document is the value of the <code>xmlVersion</code>  of the document is the value of the <code>xmlVersion</code>
305  attribute.  For a <code>DocumentType</code> node whose  attribute of the node.  For a <code>DocumentType</code> node whose
306  <code>ownerDocument</code> is set to <code>null</code>,  <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute is set to <code>null</code>,
307  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document is <code>1.0</code>.  the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document is <code>1.0</code><!--
308    since createDocumentType [DOM3CORE] assumes XML 1.0 [XML10TE] -->.
309  For any other node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document  For any other node, the <abbr>XML</abbr> version of the document
310  is that of the <code>Document</code> node contained in the  is that of the <code>Document</code> node contained in the
311  <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of the node.</p>  <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of the node.</p>
312    
313    </div>
314    
315    
316    <div class=section id=checking-components>
317    <h3>Checking Components</h3>
318    
319    <p>The algorithm
320    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data title-"to validate an XML character data">to
321    validate an <abbr>XML</abbr> character data
322    (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as following:</p>
323    <ol>
324    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is <em>not</em> in
325    the character class <a href="#class-Char10"><code>Char10</code></a>,
326    then raise an
327    <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-illegal-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
328    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is in the character
329    class <a href="#class-CompatChar10"><code>CompatChar10</code></a>,
330    then raise an
331    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-compat-char><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.</li>
332    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a character that is in the character
333    class <a href="#class-ControlChar10"><code>ControlChar10</code></a>,
334    then raise an
335    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-control-char><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.</li>
336    <li class=ed>@@ XML 1.1 support</li>
337    <li>If <var>s</var> contains a <code class=char>U+000D</code>
338    <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code> character, then
339    raise a
340    <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-cr><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.
341    <span class=ed>@@ We should not raise duplicate errors for U+000D
342    in attribute values.  In addition, we should support a mode where
343    U+000D will be serialized as &#x000D; (so that no round-trip-error
344    will be raised).</span></li>
345    </ol>
346    
347    <p>The algorithm
348    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-name title="to validate a Name">to validate a
349    <code>Name</code> (<dfn id=var-name-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined
350    as following:</p>
351    <ol>
352    <li>If <var>s</var> begins with the string <code>xml</code> (in any
353    case combination), then raise an
354    <a href="#xml-misc-warning" id=xmw-reserved-name><code>xml-misc-warning</code></a>.
355    <span class=ed>@@ except for attribute names <code>xml:lang</code>,
356    <code>xml:space</code>, <code>xml:base</code>, <code>xml:id</code>,
357    <code>xmlns</code>, <code>xmlns:<var>*</var></code>,
358    pi name <code>xml-stylesheet</code>.</span><!--
359    "names beginning with a match to (('X'|'x')('M'|'m')('L'|'l')) are reserved for standardization in this or future versions of this specification.":
360    xml:base and xml:id specifications violate to this sentense!
361    --></li>
362    <!-- COLON in Name is a lowercase "should not" in a Note of [XML10],
363    [XML11]. -->
364    <li class=ed>@@</li>
365    </ol>
366    
367    <p>The algorithm
368    <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname title="to validate an NCName">to
369    validate an <code>NCName</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn>
370    is defined as following:</p>
371    <ol>
372    <li class=ed>@@</li>
373    </ol>
374    
375    <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier title="validate a public identifier">validate
376    a public identifier (<dfn id=var-pid><var>pid</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the
377    algorithm below <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
378    <ol>
379      <li>If <var>pid</var> contains any character
380      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | #xD | #xA |
381      [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,
382      then it is an
383      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pubid-char><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
384      <li>If <var>pid</var> contains one of <code class=char>U+0009</code>
385      <code class=charname>CHARACTER TABULATION</code>,
386      <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>,
387      and <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
388      characters, if the first character of <var>pid</var> is
389      <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character,
390      if the last character of <var>pid</var> is <code class=char>U+0020</code>
391      <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character, or if there is a
392      <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character
393      immediately followed by another <code class=char>U+0020</code>
394      <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character in <var>pid</var>, then it is a
395      <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pubid-space><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.</li>
396      <li class=ed>@@ Should we check formal-public-identifierness?</li>
397    </ol>
398    
399    </div>
400    
401    <div class=section id=checking-node>
402    <h3>Checking <code>Node</code></h3>
403    
404  <p>The algorithm <dfn title="to check a node" id=algorithm-to-check-a-node>to  <p>The algorithm <dfn title="to check a node" id=algorithm-to-check-a-node>to
405  check a node (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as  check a node (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as
406  following:</p>  following:</p>
# Line 195  following:</p> Line 413  following:</p>
413      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from
414      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate
415      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
416      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-attr-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn> in the
417      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Text</code> or      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
418      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <ol>
419      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-attr-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> a
420      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>Text</code> or <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
421      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-attr-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
422      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-attr><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
423      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
424      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-attr-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
425      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <li>Otherwise,
426          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
427          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
428          </ol></li>
429        <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
430        <code>xml:space</code> <span class=ed>@@ or {xml namespace}:space ?</span>
431        and <code>value</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is neither
432        <code>default</code> nor <code>preserve</code>, then it is an
433        <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-attr-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.<!--
434        Note that <!ATTLIST e xml:space (default|preserve) "a">...
435        <e xml:space="default"/> is conforming and valid. --></li>
436        <li class=ed>@@ xml:lang value is not a language tag [RFC 3066 or its
437        successor] or an empty string, then xml-misc-warning
438        (a "fact"-level error; not an XML error).</li>
439      <li class=ed>@@ <code>specified</code>,      <li class=ed>@@ <code>specified</code>,
440      <code>manakaiAttributeType</code></li>      <code>manakaiAttributeType</code> (#ValueType Validity constraint: Attribute Value Type)</li>
441        <!-- xml:space MUST be declared to be valid. -->
442        <li>Let <dfn id=var-v><var>v</var></dfn> be the value of the
443        attribute <code>value</code> of <var>n</var>.</li>
444        <li>Validate the <var>n</var> against the <span class=ed>declared
445        type</span> as following:
446          <dl class=switch>
447          <dt class=ed><code>ID_ATTR</code></dt>
448            <dd>
449              <ol>
450              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
451              <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
452              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
453              <li><span class=ed>If <code>ID</code> <var>v</var> is defined,</span>
454              then raise an  
455              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-duplication><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
456              </ol>
457            </dd>
458          <dt class=ed>IDREF_ATTR</dt>
459            <dd>
460              <ol>
461              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
462              <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
463              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-idref-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
464              <li><span class=ed>If <code>ID</code> <var>v</var> is NOT
465              defined,</span> then raise an  
466              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-idref-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
467              </ol>
468            </dd>
469          <dt class=ed>IDREFS_ATTR</dt>
470            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
471          <dt class=ed>ENTITY_ATTR</dt>
472            <dd>
473              <ol>
474              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
475              <code>Name</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
476              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-entname-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
477              <li><span class=ed>If <code>Entity</code> <var>v</var> is NOT
478              defined,</span> then raise an  
479              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-entname-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
480              </ol>
481            </dd>
482          <dt class=ed>ENTITIES_ATTR</dt>
483            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
484          <dt class=ed>NMTOKEN_ATTR</dt>
485            <dd>
486              <ol>
487              <li><span class=ed>Validate <var>v</var> as an
488              <code>Nmtoken</code>.</span>  If it fails, then raise an
489              <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-nmtok-name><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
490              </ol>
491            </dd>
492          <dt class=ed>NMTOKENS_ATTR</dt>
493            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
494          <dt class=ed>NOTATION_ATTR</dt>
495            <dd class=ed><var>v</var> must be one of enumerated values.
496            If not, then raise an
497            <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-notatn-match><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</dd>
498          <dt class=ed>ENUMERATED_ATTR</dt>
499            <dd class=ed><var>v</var> must be one of enumerated values.
500            If not, then raise an
501            <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-enum><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</dd>
502          <dt class=ed>@@</dt>
503          </dl>
504        </li>
505        <li>If <span class=ed>type ID and default is NOT #IMPLIED or #REQUIRED</span>, then
506        raise an
507        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-id-default><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
508        <li class=ed>@@ #FixedAttr Validity constraint: Fixed Attribute Default</li>
509        <li class=ed>@@ strict serialization error for U+000D, U+000A, and
510        U+0009 characters, leading/trailing U+0020, and U+0020{2,} string?</li>
511      </ol>      </ol>
512    </dd>    </dd>
513  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node</dt>
514    <dd class=ed></dd>    <dd>
515        <ol>
516        <li class=ed></li>
517        <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
518        <code>xml:space</code> <span class=ed>@@ or {xml namespace}:space ?</span>
519        and <span class=ed>its declared type is different from (default|preserve),
520        (default), or (preserve)</span>, then raise an
521        <a href="#xml-misc-error" id=xme-at-xml-space><code>xml-misc-error</code></a>.</li>
522        <li>For each node <dfn id=var-ad-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn> in the
523        <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
524          <ol>
525          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> a
526          <code>Text</code> or <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
527          <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-at-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
528          <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
529          <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
530          <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-at-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
531          <li>Otherwise,
532          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
533          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
534          </ol></li>
535        <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code>, enumerated values MUST
536        be declared.  If not, then raise an
537        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-notatn-declared><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
538        <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code> or <code>ENUMERATED_ATTR</code>,
539        values MUST all be distinct.  If not, then raise an
540        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-no-duplicate-tokens><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
541        <li class=ed>If <code>NOTATION_ATTR</code> on an <code>EMPTY</code>
542        element, then raise an
543        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-no-notation-empty><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
544        <li class=ed>@@ #defattrvalid Validity constraint: Attribute Default Value Syntactically Correct</li>
545        </ol>
546      </dd>
547  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>CDATASection</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>CDATASection</code> node</dt>
548    <dd>    <dd>
549      <ol>      <ol>
# Line 218  following:</p> Line 551  following:</p>
551      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
552      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
553      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains
554      a string <code>]]></code>, then it is a      a string <code>]]></code>, then raise an
555      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-mse><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-mse><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.<!-- "for compatibility" --></li>
556      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
557      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
558      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-cs-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
559      </ol>      </ol>
560    </dd>    </dd>
561  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Comment</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Comment</code> node</dt>
562    <dd>    <dd>
563      <ol>      <ol>
564        <li>Raise an
565        <a href="#round-trip-warning" id=rtw-comment><code>round-trip-warning</code></a>.</li>
566      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the
567      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
568      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
569      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains
570      a string <code>--</code>, or if it ends with a character      a string <code>--</code>, or if it ends with a character
571      <code>-</code>, then it is a      <code>-</code>, then raise an
572      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-com><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-com><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.<!--
573        "for compatibility" --></li>
574      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
575      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
576      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-comment-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
577      </ol>      </ol>
578    </dd>    </dd>
579  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Document</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Document</code> node</dt>
# Line 248  following:</p> Line 584  following:</p>
584      then it is an <code class=ed>unknown-error?</code>.</li>      then it is an <code class=ed>unknown-error?</code>.</li>
585      <li>If the <code>xmlEncoding</code> attribute value does <em>not</em>      <li>If the <code>xmlEncoding</code> attribute value does <em>not</em>
586      match to <code>[A-Za-z] ([A-Za-z0-9._] | '-')*</code>      match to <code>[A-Za-z] ([A-Za-z0-9._] | '-')*</code>
587      <span class=ed>@@ formal def</span>, then it is a      <span class=ed>@@ formal def</span>, then it is an
588      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-encoding><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-encoding><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
589      <li>The <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> have to      <li>The <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> have to
590      consist of zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or      consist of zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or
# Line 258  following:</p> Line 594  following:</p>
594      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes, followed by      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes, followed by
595      an <code>Element</code> node, followed      an <code>Element</code> node, followed
596      by zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or      by zero or more <code>Comment</code> and/or
597      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes.  Any violation to this is a      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> nodes.  Any violation to this is an
598      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-document-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-document-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
599      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-document-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
600      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
601      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <ol>
602          <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
603          <code>EntityReference</code> node, then
604          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
605          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
606          </ol></li>
607      <li class=ed>@@ <code>allDeclarationsProcessed</code></li>      <li class=ed>@@ <code>allDeclarationsProcessed</code></li>
608      </ol>      </ol>
609    </dd>    </dd>
610  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentFragment</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentFragment</code> node</dt>
611    <dd>    <dd>
612      <ol>      <ol>
613      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-df-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
614      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
615      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,        <ol>
616      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
617      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <code>Element</code>, <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>,
618      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-df-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Comment</code>, <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or
619      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
620      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-df-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
621      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-df><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
622      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
623      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-df-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
624      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <li>Otherwise,
625          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
626          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
627          </ol></li>
628      </ol>      </ol>
629    </dd>    </dd>
630  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentType</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>DocumentType</code> node</dt>
# Line 288  following:</p> Line 632  following:</p>
632      <ol>      <ol>
633      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
634      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
635      <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value contains any character      <li>Follow the following substeps:
636      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | <!--#xD | #xA |-->        <ol>
637      [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,        <li>If <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
638      or contains a leading <code class=char>U+0020</code> character,        <code>null</code>, then abort these substeps.</li>
639      a trailing <code class=char>U+0020</code> character, or a        <li>If <code>documentElement</code> attribute of the node
640      sequence of two or more <code class=char>U+0020</code> characters,        set to <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
641      then it is a        <code>null</code>, then abort these substeps.</li>
642      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-public-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <li>If <code>nodeName</code> attribute of the node set to
643          <code>documentElement</code> attribute of the node set to
644          <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute of <var>n</var> is
645          different from <code>nodeName</code> of <var>n</var>,
646          then raise an
647          <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-roottype><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li></li>
648          </ol>
649        </li>
650        <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
651        the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
652      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains
653      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a
654      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
655        <!-- @@ "It is an error for a fragment identifier (beginning with a # character) to be part of a system identifier." -->
656      <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->      <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->
657      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-dt-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
658      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
659      then it is a        <ol>
660      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> a
661      <span class=ed>@@ ref to manakai's extensions</span></li>        <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node, then it is an
662      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.
663      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in        <span class=ed>@@ ref to manakai's extensions</span></li>
664      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <li>Otherwise, <!-- if n_c is not an EntityReference node, -->
665          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
666          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recusrively.</li>
667          </ol></li>
668      <li class=ed>@@ <code>entities</code>, <code>notations</code>,      <li class=ed>@@ <code>entities</code>, <code>notations</code>,
669      <code>elementTypes</code>, externally declared?</li>      <code>elementTypes</code>, externally declared?</li>
670      </ol>      </ol>
# Line 320  following:</p> Line 677  following:</p>
677      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from      <li>If the <code>prefix</code> attribute value is different from
678      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate      <code>null</code>, then <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate
679      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      the <code>prefix</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
680      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-element-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
681      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
682      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,        <ol>
683      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
684      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <code>Element</code>,
685      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-element-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,
686      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or
687      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
688      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-element><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-element-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
689      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
690      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
691      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-element-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
692          <li>Otherwise,
693          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
694          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
695          </ol></li>
696        <li class=ed>@@ #elementvalid Validity constraint: Element Valid</li>
697        <li class=ed>@@ #uniqattspec Well-formedness constraint: Unique Att Spec</li>
698        <li class=ed>@@ #RequiredAttr Validity constraint: Required Attribute</li>
699      </ol>      </ol>
700    </dd>    </dd>
701  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>ElementTypeDefinition</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>ElementTypeDefinition</code> node</dt>
702    <dd class=ed></dd>    <dd>
703        <ol>
704        <li class=ed></li>
705        <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
706        any nodes, they are in
707        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-et-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
708        <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#elemdecls">At user option, an XML processor MAY issue a warning when a declaration mentions an element type for which no declaration is provided, but this is not an error.</q></li>
709        <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-element-content">For compatibility, it is an error if the content model allows an element to match more than one occurrence of an element type in the content model. </q></li>
710        <li class=ed>@@ #vc-MixedChildrenUnique
711        Validity constraint: No Duplicate Types</li>
712        <li class=ed>@@ <q cite="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#attdecls">At user option, an XML processor MAY issue a warning if attributes are declared for an element type not itself declared, but this is not an error.</q></li>
713        <li>If there is more than one <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node
714        with <span class=ed>attribute type <code>ID</code></span> in the
715        <code>NamedNodeMap</code> list contained in the
716        <code>attributeDefinitions</code> attribute of <var>n</var>, then raise an
717        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-one-id-per-el><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
718        <li>If there is more than one <code>AttributeDefinition</code> node
719        with <span class=ed>attribute type <code>NOTATION</code></span> in the
720        <code>NamedNodeMap</code> list contained in the
721        <code>attributeDefinitions</code> attribute of <var>n</var>, then raise an
722        <a href="#xml-validity-error" id=vc-one-notation-per><code>xml-validity-error</code></a>.</li>
723        <li class=ed>"For interoperability, the same Nmtoken  SHOULD NOT occur more than once in the enumerated attribute types of a single element type."</li>
724        </ol>
725      </dd>
726  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>Entity</code> node</dt>
727    <dd>    <dd>
728      <ol>      <ol>
729      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-node><code>entity-error</code></a> <span class=ed>@@ if !notationName</span>.</li>      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-node><code>entity-error</code></a> <span class=ed>@@ if !notationName</span>.</li>
730      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
731      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
732      <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value contains any character      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
733      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | <!--#xD | #xA |-->      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
     [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,  
     or contains a leading <code class=char>U+0020</code> character,  
     a trailing <code class=char>U+0020</code> character, or a  
     sequence of two or more <code class=char>U+0020</code> characters,  
     then it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-public-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
734      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains
735      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a
736      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
737      <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->      <!-- publicId = non-null and systemId = null -->
738      <li class=ed>@@ <code>notationName</code></li>      <li class=ed>@@ <code>notationName</code></li>
739      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li class=ed>@@ #not-declared Validity constraint: Notation Declared</li>
740      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-entity-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
741      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
742      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <ol>
743      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
744      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-entity-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Element</code>,
745      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,
746      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or <code>EntityReference</code>
747      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        node, then it is an
748      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-entity-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
749      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is an
750      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
751          <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
752          <li>Otherwise,
753          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
754          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
755          </ol></li>
756      </ol>      </ol>
757    </dd>    </dd>
758  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>EntityReference</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is an <code>EntityReference</code> node</dt>
# Line 375  following:</p> Line 761  following:</p>
761      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>      <li>An <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-node><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
762      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
763      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
764      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>For each node <dfn id=var-er-nc><var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></dfn>
765      a node which is <em>not</em> <code>Element</code>,      in the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var>,
766      <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,        <ol>
767      <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or        <li>If <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
768      <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is a        <code>Element</code>,
769      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-er-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>        <code>Text</code>, <code>CDATASection</code>, <code>Comment</code>,
770      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains        <code>ProcessingInstruction</code>, or <code>EntityReference</code>
771      an <code>EntityReference</code> node, it is an        node, then it is an
772      <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-er-in-entity><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>        <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-er-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
773      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node">Check each node</a>        <li>Otherwise, if <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var> is <em>not</em> an
774      which is different from <code>EntityReference</code> in        <code>EntityReference</code> node, then it is an
775      <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> recursively.</li>        <a href="#entity-error" id=ee-entity-er><code>entity-error</code></a>.</li>
776          <li>Otherwise,
777          <a href="#algorithm-to-check-a-node" title="check a node">check
778          <var>n<sub><var>c</var></sub></var></a> recursively.</li>
779          </ol></li>
780      </ol>      </ol>
781    </dd>    </dd>
782  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Notation</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Notation</code> node</dt>
# Line 394  following:</p> Line 784  following:</p>
784      <ol>      <ol>
785      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the
786      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>nodeName</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
787      <li>If the <code>publicId</code> attribute value contains any character      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-public-identifier" title="validate a public identifier">Validate
788      that is outside of the range of <code>#x20 | <!--#xD | #xA |-->      the <code>publicId</code> attribute value as a public identifier</a>.</li>
     [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]</code><!-- @@ TODO: formal def -->,  
     or contains a leading <code class=char>U+0020</code> character,  
     a trailing <code class=char>U+0020</code> character, or a  
     sequence of two or more <code class=char>U+0020</code> characters,  
     then it is a  
     <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-public-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>  
789      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>systemId</code> attribute value contains
790      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a      both <code>"</code> and <code>'</code> characters, it is a
791      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-dt-system-id><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
792      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
793      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
794      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-notation-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-notation-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
795      </ol>      </ol>
796    </dd>    </dd>
797  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> node</dt>
798    <dd>    <dd>
799      <ol>      <ol>
800      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">Validate the      <li>If the <code>target</code> attribute value matches to the string
801      <code>target</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>      <code>xml</code> in any case combination, then raise a
     <li>If the <code>target</code> attribute value matches to  
     <code>XML</code> case-insensitively, then it is a  
802      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-xml><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-xml><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
803      <li><a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data">Validate the      <li>Otherwise, <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname">validate the
804      <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character      <code>target</code> attribute value as an <code>NCName</code></a>.</li>
805        <li>Then,
806        <a href="#algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data" title="validate an XML character data">validate
807        the <code>data</code> attribute value as an <abbr>XML</abbr> character
808      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
809      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value contains a string
810      a string <code>?></code>, or starts with either      <code>?></code>, then raise a
811      <code class=char>U+0009</code>, <code class=char>U+000A</code>,      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-pic><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
812      <code class=char>U+000D</code>, or <code class=char>U+0020</code>      <li>If the <code>data</code> attribute value starts with either
813      character, then it is a      <code class=char>U+0009</code> <code class=charname>CHARACTER
814      <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pi-data><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.</li>      TABULATION</code>, <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE
815        FEED</code>, <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE
816        RETURN</code>, or <code class=char>U+0020</code>
817        <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character, then raise a
818        <a href="#round-trip-error" id=rte-pi-s><code>round-trip-error</code></a>.</li>
819      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
820      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, then raise an
821      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-pi-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
822      </ol>      </ol>
823    </dd>    </dd>
824  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Text</code> node</dt>  <dt>If <var>n</var> is a <code>Text</code> node</dt>
# Line 440  following:</p> Line 829  following:</p>
829      data</a>.</li>      data</a>.</li>
830      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains      <li>If the <code>childNodes</code> list of <var>n</var> contains
831      any nodes, they are in      any nodes, they are in
832      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-text-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>s.</li>      <a href="#xml-well-formedness-error" id=wfe-text-child><code>xml-well-formedness-error</code></a>.</li>
833      </ol>      </ol>
834    </dd>    </dd>
835  <dt>Otherwise</dt>  <dt>Otherwise</dt>
836    <dd><span class=ed>xml-well-formedness-error?  unknown-error?</span></dd>    <dd><span class=ed>xml-well-formedness-error?  unknown-error?</span></dd>
837  </dl>  </dl>
838    
 <p>The algorithm  
 <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-an-xml-character-data title-"to validate an XML character data">to  
 validate an <abbr>XML</abbr> character data  
 (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined as following:</p>  
 <ol>  
 <li class=ed>@@</li>  
 </ol>  
   
 <p>The algorithm  
 <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-name title="to validate a Name">to validate a  
 <code>Name</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn> is defined  
 as following:</p>  
 <ol>  
 <li class=ed>@@</li>  
 </ol>  
   
 <p>The algorithm  
 <dfn id=algorithm-to-validate-a-ncname title="to validate an NCName">to  
 validate an <code>NCName</code> (<dfn id=var-name><var>name</var></dfn>)</dfn>  
 is defined as following:</p>  
 <ol>  
 <li class=ed>@@</li>  
 </ol>  
   
839  </div>  </div>
840    
841  <div class="section" id="examples">  </div>
 <h2>Examples</h2>  
   
 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>  
   
 <div class="ed issue">  
842    
843  <div class="example figure block">  <div id=classes class=section>
844  <div class="caption">...</div>  <h2>Character Classes</h2>
845    
846  <pre><code>...</code></pre>  <p>This section defines a couple of character classes.
847  </div>  These classes are referred to by algorithms specified above.</p>
848    
849    <p>Character class <dfn id=class-Char10><code>Char10</code></dfn>
850    contains the following characters:</p>
851    <ul>
852    <li><code class=char>U+0009</code> <code class=charname>CHARACTER
853    TABULATION</code></li>
854    <li><code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code></li>
855    <li><code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE
856    RETURN</code></li>
857    <li><code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>
858    .. <code class=char>U+D7FF</code></li>
859    <li><code class=char>U+E000</code> .. <code class=char>U+FFFD</code>
860    <code class=charname>REPLACEMENT CHARACTER</code></li>
861    <li><code class=char>U+10000</code> .. <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code></li>
862    </ul>
863    <div class="note memo">
864    <p>This character class contains all characters allowed in the production rule
865    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#NT-Char"><code>Char</code></a>
866    of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
867    <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>.</p>
868    </div>
869    
870    <p>Character class <dfn id=class-CompatChar10><code>CompatChar10</code></dfn>
871    contains the following characters:</p>
872    <ul>
873    <li class=ed>@@ <q>Document authors are encouraged to avoid "compatibility characters", as defined in section 6.8 of [Unicode @@ Unicode 2.0 @@] (see also D21 in section 3.6 of [Unicode3]).</q></li>
874    </ul>
875    
876    <p>Character class <dfn id=class-ControlChar10><code>ControlChar10</code></dfn>
877    contains the following characters:</p>
878    <ul>
879    <li><code class=char>U+007F</code> <code class=charname>DELETE</code> ..
880    <code class=char>U+0084</code> <code class=charname>INDEX</code></li>
881    <li><code class=char>U+0086</code> <code class=charname>START OF SELECTED
882    AREA</code> .. <code class=char>U+009F</code> <code class=charname>APPLICATION
883    PROGRAM COMMAND</code></li>
884    <li><code class=char>U+FDD0</code> .. <code class=char>U+FDEF</code></li>
885    <li><code class=char>U+1FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+1FFFF</code></li>
886    <li><code class=char>U+2FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+2FFFF</code></li>
887    <li><code class=char>U+3FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+3FFFF</code></li>
888    <li><code class=char>U+4FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+4FFFF</code></li>
889    <li><code class=char>U+5FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+5FFFF</code></li>
890    <li><code class=char>U+6FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+6FFFF</code></li>
891    <li><code class=char>U+7FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+7FFFF</code></li>
892    <li><code class=char>U+8FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+8FFFF</code></li>
893    <li><code class=char>U+9FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+9FFFF</code></li>
894    <li><code class=char>U+AFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+AFFFF</code></li>
895    <li><code class=char>U+BFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+BFFFF</code></li>
896    <li><code class=char>U+CFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+CFFFF</code></li>
897    <li><code class=char>U+DFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+DFFFF</code></li>
898    <li><code class=char>U+EFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+EFFFF</code></li>
899    <li><code class=char>U+FFFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+FFFFF</code></li>
900    <li><code class=char>U+10FFFE</code> .. <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code></li>
901    </ul>
902    <div class="note memo">
903    <p>This character class contains the characters listed in the Note in
904    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#charsets">Section 2.2</a>
905    of <abbr>XML</abbr> 1.0
906    <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-XML10">XML10</a>]</cite>,
907    as amended by
908    <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/xml-V10-4e-errata#E02">errata</a>.</p>
909  </div>  </div>
910    
911  </div>  </div>
# Line 497  is defined as following:</p> Line 917  is defined as following:</p>
917  <h3>Normative References</h3>  <h3>Normative References</h3>
918    
919  <dl>  <dl>
920    <dt id=ref-DOM3CORE>DOM3CORE</dt>
921      <dd class=ed>@@ W3C DOM Level 3 Core</dd>
922    <dt id=ref-DOMDTDEF>DOMDTDEF</dt>
923      <dd class=ed>@@ manakai's extension to DOM for document type definitions</dd>
924  <dt id="ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</dt>  <dt id="ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</dt>
925    <dd><cite><a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119">Key words for use in    <dd><cite><a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119">Key words for use in
926    <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,    <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,
# Line 559  is defined as following:</p> Line 983  is defined as following:</p>
983    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>$B!>(Bpublished    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>$B!>(Bpublished
984    version of the specification is available at    version of the specification is available at
985    <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/</a>></code>.</dd>    <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/</a>></code>.</dd>
986    <dt id=ref-XML5>XML5</dt>
987      <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
988  </dl>  </dl>
989  </div>  </div>
990    
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