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revision 1.4 by wakaba, Tue Sep 25 13:57:09 2007 UTC revision 1.11 by wakaba, Mon Oct 22 10:30:53 2007 UTC
# Line 10  Line 10 
10  <div class="header">  <div class="header">
11  <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)  <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)
12  Specification</h1>  Specification</h1>
13  <h2>Working Draft 25 September 2007</h2>  <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-10-22>22 October 2007</time></h2>
14    
15  <dl class="versions-uri">  <dl class="versions-uri">
16  <dt>This Version</dt>  <dt>This Version</dt>
# Line 23  Specification</h1> Line 23  Specification</h1>
23  <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>  <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>
24  -->  -->
25  <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->  <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->
26    <dt>Version History</dt>
27      <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>
28  </dl>  </dl>
29  <dl class="authors" id="author">  <dl class="authors" id="author">
30  <dt>Author</dt>  <dt>Author</dt>
# Line 32  Specification</h1> Line 34  Specification</h1>
34        >w@suika.fam.cx</a>&gt;</code></dd>        >w@suika.fam.cx</a>&gt;</code></dd>
35  </dl>  </dl>
36    
37  <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; 2007 <a  <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; <time>2007</time> <a
38      href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author">Wakaba</a>.      href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author">Wakaba</a>.
39  Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document  Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
40  under the terms of the <a rel="license"  under the terms of the <a rel="license"
# Line 57  available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a Line 59  available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a
59  <div id="status" class="section">  <div id="status" class="section">
60  <h2>Status of This Document</h2>  <h2>Status of This Document</h2>
61    
62  <p><em>This section describes the status of this document  <p class=section-info><em>This section describes the status of this document
63  at the time of its publication.  Other documents  at the time of its publication.  Other documents
64  might supersede this document.</em></p>  might supersede this document.</em></p>
65    
66  <p>This document is a working draft.  <p>This document is a working draft, produced as part of the
67  It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by  <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/html/whatpm/readme">Whatpm</a>
68    subproject
69    of the <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/manakai-core/doc/web/">manakai</a>
70    project.  It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
71  other documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to  other documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to
72  cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>  cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>
73    
# Line 77  normative version.</p> Line 82  normative version.</p>
82  <div id="introduction" class="section">  <div id="introduction" class="section">
83  <h2>Introduction</h2>  <h2>Introduction</h2>
84    
85  <p>This section is <em>informative</em>.</p>  <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
86    
87    <p>Selectors
88    <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-SELECTORS">SELECTORS</a>]</cite>
89    are patterns that match against elements
90    in a tree structure and are used in Web technologies, including
91    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21"><abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr></a>
92    <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSS">CSS</a>]</cite>,
93    <a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr>5</a>
94    <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-HTML5">HTML5</a>]</cite>,
95    <a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr title="XML Binding Language">XBL</abbr>2</a>
96    <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-XBL2">XBL2</a>]</cite>, and
97    <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors
98    <abbr>API</abbr></a>
99    <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-SAPI">SAPI</a>]</cite>.</p>
100    
101  <div class="issue ed">...</div>  <div class="issue ed">...</div>
102    
103  <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The  <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The
104  <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>  <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>
105  specification</a>  specification</a>
106  <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#bib-CSSOM">CSSOM</a>]</cite>  <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSSOM">CSSOM</a>]</cite>
107  is trying to define an algorithm to  is trying to define an algorithm to
108  <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8#serializing0">serialize  <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8#serializing0">serialize
109  a group of selectors</a> for the purpose of <code>selectorText</code>  a group of selectors</a> for the purpose of <code>selectorText</code>
110  attribute.  However, the algorithm is incomplete  attribute.  However, the algorithm is incomplete
111  at the time of the writing.  Note that current Web browser implementations  <time datetime=2007-09-25>at the time of the writing</time>.  
112    Note that current Web browser implementations
113  of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken  of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken
114  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>
115    
# Line 98  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p> Line 118  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>
118  <div class="section" id="terminology">  <div class="section" id="terminology">
119  <h2>Terminology</h2>  <h2>Terminology</h2>
120    
121  <p>The key words <q><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></q>,  <p>The key words <q><dfn id=must><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></dfn></q>,
122  <q><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></q>,  <q><dfn id=must-not><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></dfn></q>,
123  <q><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></q>,  <q><dfn id=should><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></dfn></q>,
124  <q><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD NOT</em></q>, and  <q><dfn id=should-not><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD NOT</em></dfn></q>, and
125  <q><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></q> in this  <q><dfn id=may><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></dfn></q> in this
126  document are to be interpreted as described in  document are to be interpreted as described in
127  <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119  <a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr>
128    2119</a>
129  <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>  <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>
130    
131    <!-- Strictly speaking the paragraph below is not part of terminology. -->
132    <p>All examples and notes in this specification are non$B!>(Bnormative,
133    as are all sections explicitly marked non$B!>(Bnormative.  Everything
134    else in this specification is normative.</p>
135    
136    <p>For the purpose of this specification, pseudo$B!>(Belements are also
137    referred to as <dfn title="simple selector" id=simple-selector>simple
138    selectors</dfn> and are considered as part of the last sequence of
139    simple selector in a selector.</p>
140  </div>  </div>
141    
142  <div class="section" id="serializing">  <div class="section" id="serializing">
# Line 116  document are to be interpreted as descri Line 147  document are to be interpreted as descri
147  for now.</p>  for now.</p>
148  </div>  </div>
149    
150  <p><dfn id=newline>Newline</dfn> is <code class=char>U+000A</code>  <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
151  <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> <span class=ed>or  representation is defined for an invalid group of selectors.</p>
152  U+000D U+000A or U+000A ??</span>.</p>  
153    <div class="note memo">
154    <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>
155    </div>
156    
157  <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->  <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->
158    
159    <p>To
160    <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize
161    a group of selectors (<dfn id=var-gs><var>gs</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
162  <ol>  <ol>
163  <li>Let <var>result</var> an empty string.</li>  <li>Let <dfn id=var-result><var>result</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
164  <li>For each selector (<var>selector</var>) in the group of selectors:  <li>For each selector (<dfn id=var-selector><var>selector</var></dfn>) in
165    <var>gs</var>:
166    <ol>    <ol>
167    <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector    <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector
168    in the group of selectors, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>    in the group of selectors, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>
169    <code class=charname>COMMA</code> followed by a    <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a
170    <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>    <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
171    <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>    <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
172    <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>    <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
173    <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or    <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or
174    combinator in <var>selector</var> by following algorithm:    combinator in <var>selector</var> by following algorithm:
175      <dl class=switch>      <dl class=switch>
176      <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector (<var>sss</var>)</dt>      <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector
177        <dd class=ed>@@</dd>      (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>
178      <dt>If it is a combinator (<var>c</var>)</dt>        <dd>
179            <ol>
180            <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
181            each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>
182            <li class=ed>sort</li>
183            <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
184            </ol>
185          </dd>
186        <dt>If it is a combinator (<dfn id=var-c><var>c</var></dfn>)</dt>
187        <dd>        <dd>
188          <ol>          <ol>
189          <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>          <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>
# Line 151  U+000D U+000A or U+000A ??</span>.</p> Line 197  U+000D U+000A or U+000A ??</span>.</p>
197            <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator            <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator
198            (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>            (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>
199              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>
200              <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code> character to              <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code>
201              <var>result</var>.</dd>              (<code class=char>></code>) character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
202            <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator            <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator
203            (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>            (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>
204              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002B</code>
205              <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to              <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>)
206              <var>result</var>.</dd>              character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
207            <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator            <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator
208            (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>            (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>
209              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>              <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>
210              <code class=charname>TILDE</code> character to              <code class=charname>TILDE</code> (<code class=char>~</code>)
211              <var>result</var>.</dd>              character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
212            </dl>            </dl>
213          </li>          </li>
214          <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>          <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
# Line 174  U+000D U+000A or U+000A ??</span>.</p> Line 220  U+000D U+000A or U+000A ??</span>.</p>
220    </ol>    </ol>
221  </li>  </li>
222  <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the  <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the
223  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SFFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
224  representation of the group of selectors.</li>  representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>
225  </ol>  </ol>
226    
227    <p>To
228    <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
229    a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>ss</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
230    <dl class=switch>
231    <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>
232      <dd>
233        <ol>
234        <li>
235          <dl class=switch>
236          <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or
237          by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>
238            <dd class="ed">@@</dd>
239          <dt>If the null namespace is specified (by zero$B!>(Blength namespace
240          prefix)</dt>
241            <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
242            <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
243            character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
244          <dt>If no namespace is specified (by namespace prefix <code>*</code>,
245          or by omitting namespace prefix where no default namespace is
246          specified)</dt>
247            <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
248            <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
249            character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
250            <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
251            character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
252          </dl>
253        </li>
254        <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the
255        <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
256        local name to <var>result</var>.</li>
257        <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append
258        a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
259        (<code class=char>*</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
260        </ol>
261      </dd>
262    <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an attribute selector</dt>
263      <dd>
264        <ol>
265        <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
266        SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>[</code>) to
267        <var>result</var>.</li>
268        <li>
269          Append a namespace prefix as following:
270          <dl>
271          <dt>If a namespace URI is specified</dt>
272            <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
273            <dd class=ed>@@ Current reference implementation is wrong,
274            since its result of sorting depends on namespace prefix.</dd>
275          <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>
276            <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
277            <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to
278            <var>result</var>.</dd>
279          <dt>If no namespace is specified</dt>
280            <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
281            <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
282            character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
283            <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
284            character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
285          </dl>
286        </li>
287        <li>Append the
288        <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
289        local name to <var>result</var>.</li>
290        <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:
291          <ol>
292          <li>Depending on the way to match, append <code>=</code>,
293          <code>~=</code>, <code>|=</code>, <code>^=</code>,
294          <code>$=</code>, or <code>*=</code> to <var>result</var>.</li>
295          <li>Append the
296          <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
297          value to <var>result</var>.</li>
298          </ol>
299        </li>
300        <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
301        SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>]</code>) to
302        <var>result</var>.</li>
303        </ol>
304      </dd>
305    <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>
306      <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL
307      STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed
308      by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
309      class name, <var>result</var>.</dd>
310    <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>
311      <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER
312      SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed
313      by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
314      <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
315    <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>
316      <dd>
317        <ol>
318        <li>Append a <code class=char>U+003A</code>
319        <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character
320        to <var>result</var>.</li>
321        <li>Append the
322        <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
323        name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to <var>result</var>.</li>
324        <li>Append any arguments as following:
325          <dl class=switch>
326          <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>
327            <dd>
328              <ol>
329              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
330              PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
331              to <var>result</var>.</li>
332              <li>Append the
333              <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
334              language tag (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>
335              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
336              <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
337              (<code class=char>)</code>) character
338              to <var>result</var>.</li>
339              </ol>
340            </dd>
341          <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is
342          <code>-manakai-contains</code></dt>
343            <dd>
344              <ol>
345              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
346              PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
347              to <var>result</var>.</li>
348              <li>Append the
349              <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
350              string (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>
351              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
352              <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
353              (<code class=char>)</code>) character
354              to <var>result</var>.</li>
355              </ol>
356            </dd>
357          <dt>If name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is either <code>nth-child</code>,
358          <code>nth-last-child</code>, <code>nth-of-type</code>, or
359          <code>nth-last-of-type</code></dt>
360            <dd>
361              <ol>
362              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
363              PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
364              to <var>result</var>.</li>
365              <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
366              integer <var>a</var> to <var>result</var>.
367              If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,
368              <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>.  If <var>a</var> and
369              <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as
370              <code>0</code>.  Otherwise, if <var>a</var> is omitted,
371              it is assumed as <code>1</code> (or <code>-1</code>,
372              if there is a <code class=char>U+002D</code>
373              <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
374              character).</li>
375              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>
376              <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>
377              (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
378              <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
379              integer <var>b</var> to <var>result</var>.
380              It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,
381              either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS
382              SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or
383              <code class=char>U+002D</code>
384              <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
385              character.  If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>,
386              <var>b</var> is <code>1</code>.  If the argument
387              is a keyword <code>even</code>, <var>b</var> is
388              <code>0</code>.  If <var>b</var> is omitted, it is assumed as
389              <code>0</code>.  The sign of <code>0</code>
390              <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code class=char>U+002B</code>
391              <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>
392              (<code class=char>+</code>).</li>
393              <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
394              <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
395              (<code class=char>)</code>) character
396              to <var>result</var>.</li>
397              </ol>
398            </dd>
399          <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>not</code></dt>
400            <dd>
401              <ol>
402                <li>Append a string of <code class=char>U+003A</code>
403                <code class=charname>COLON</code>, <code class=char>U+006E</code>
404                <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>,
405                <code class=char>U+006F</code> <code class=charname>LATIN
406                SMALL LETTER O</code>, <code class=char>U+0074</code>
407                <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER T</code>, and
408                <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
409                PARENTHESIS</code> (<code>:not(</code>), followed by a
410                <a href="#newline">newline</a>, to <var>result</var>.</li>
411                <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
412                <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
413                <var>result</var>.</li>
414                <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
415                <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
416                <var>result</var> again.</li>
417                <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
418                the simple selector specified as the argument to the
419                <code>not</code> pseudo$B!>(Bclass</a>.</li>
420                <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to
421                <var>result</var>.</li>
422                <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
423                <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
424                <var>result</var>.</li>
425                <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
426                <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
427                (<code class=char>)</code>) character
428                to <var>result</var>.</li>
429              </ol>
430            </dd>
431          </dl>
432        </li>
433        </ol>
434      </dd>
435    <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Belement</dt>
436      <dd>
437        <ol>
438        <li>Append two <code class=char>U+003A</code>
439        <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)
440        to <var>result</var>.</li>
441        <li>Append the
442        <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
443        name of the pseudo$B!>(Belement to <var>result</var>.</li>
444        <!-- For future version: append "(", arguments, ")", if any. -->
445        </ol>
446      </dd>
447    </dl>
448    
449    <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize
450    an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
451    <ol>
452    <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
453    characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them
454    respectively.</li>
455    <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
456    <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
457    (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>
458    <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
459    (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
460    <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
461    <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
462    A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
463    <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
464    <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
465    (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
466    <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
467    (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
468    <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
469    <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
470    <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
471    <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
472    <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
473    hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character
474    is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
475    <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
476    <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
477    <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is one of
478    <code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
479    (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
480    <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
481    then prepend a string <code>\00003</code> at the beginning of
482    <var>n</var>.</li>
483    <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is <code class=char>U+002D</code>
484    <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>) and
485    the second character, if any, is <em>not</em> one of
486    <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
487    A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
488    <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
489    <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
490    (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
491    <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
492    (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
493    <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
494    <code>U+0080</code> to <code>U+D7FF</code>, or
495    <code>U+E000</code> to <code>U+10FFFF</code>, or
496    <var>n</var> is equal to <code class=char>U+002D</code>
497    <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>), then
498    replace the <code class=char>U+002D</code>
499    <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
500    character by string <code>\00002D</code>.</li>
501    <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
502    </ol>
503    
504    <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize
505    a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>:</p>
506    <ol>
507    <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
508    characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them
509    (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by
510    newline character(s)) respectively.</li>
511    <li>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>
512    if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</li>
513    <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
514    <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,
515    <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
516    (<code class=char>!</code>), <code class=char>U+0023</code>
517    <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) to
518    <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT SQUARE
519    BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
520    SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
521    <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
522    <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
523    <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
524    hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character
525    is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
526    <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
527    <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
528    <li>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
529    MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the beginning of <var>s</var>.</li>
530    <li>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
531    MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the end of <var>s</var>.</li>
532    <li>Then, <var>s</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
533    </ol>
534    
535    <p>A <dfn id=newline title=newline>newline</dfn>
536    <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be represented as a
537    <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
538    character.  However, depending on the context where
539    the <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
540    representation is in use, a sequence of
541    <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
542    followed by a <code class=char>U+000A</code>
543    <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> (i.e. a
544    <code>CRLF</code> sequence) or a character
545    <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
546    <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used as a <a href="#newline">newline</a> instead.
547    <a href="#newline">Newline</a> representations
548    <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be consistent in an
549    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
550    representation.</p>
551    
552    <div class="note memo">
553    <p>Therefore, newlines must be normalized before
554    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
555    representations are literally compared.</p>
556    </div>
557    
558  </div>  </div>
559    
560  <div class="section" id="parsing">  <div class="section" id="parsing">
561  <h2>Parsing  <h2>Parsing
562  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SFFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
563  Groups of Selectors</h2>  Groups of Selectors</h2>
564    
565  <p>Since <a href="#serializing">the serializing algorithm</a> is  <p>Since <a href="#serializing">the serializing algorithm</a> is
566  so designed that it always output a valid  so designed that it always output a valid
567  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
568  selectors</a>, no special parser for  selectors</a>, no special parser for the
569  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SFFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
570  is necessary.  Any conforming  representation is necessary.  Any conforming parser for
571  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
572  selectors</a> parser <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used  selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used
573  to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SFFT</abbr>  to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
574  groups of selectors.</p>  representations of groups of selectors.</p>
575  </div>  </div>
576    
577  <div class="section" id="examples">  <div class="section" id="examples">
578  <h2>Examples</h2>  <h2>Examples</h2>
579    
580  <p>This section is <em>informative</em>.</p>  <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
581    
582  <div class="ed issue">  <div class="ed issue">
583  <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/2007/css/parser-interface">Try demo</a>,  <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/2007/css/parser-interface">Try demo</a>,
584  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio button.</a></p>  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio button.</p>
585    
586  <div class="example figure block">  <div class="example figure block">
587  <div class="caption">...</div>  <div class="caption">...</div>
# Line 217  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto Line 594  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto
594  </div>  </div>
595    
596  <div id="references" class="section reference">  <div id="references" class="section reference">
597  <h2>References</h1>  <h2>References</h2>
598    
599  <div id="normative-references" class="section normative reference">  <div id="normative-references" class="section normative reference">
600  <h3>Normative References</h3>  <h3>Normative References</h3>
# Line 228  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto Line 605  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto
605    <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,    <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,
606    <abbr title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>    <abbr title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>
607    <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>    <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>
608    14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119, March 1997.    14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,
609      <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.
610    This version of the specification is referenced</dd>    This version of the specification is referenced</dd>
611  <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>  <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>
612    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,
613    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,
614    15 December 2005.  Work in progress.      <time datetime=2005-12-15>15 December 2005</time>.  Work in progress.  
615    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors">The latest version</a>    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors">The latest version</a>
616    of the specification is referenced.</dd>    of the specification is referenced.</dd>
617  </dl>  </dl>
618  </div>  </div>
619    
620  <div id="informative-references" class="section informative reference">  <div id="informative-references" class="section informative reference">
621  <h3>Informative References</h3>  <h3>Non$B!>(Bnormative References</h3>
622    
623  <dl>  <dl>
624    <dt id=ref-CSS>CSS</dt>
625      <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/CR-CSS21-20070719">Cascading
626      Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (<abbr>CSS</abbr> 2.1)
627      Specification</a></cite>,
628      <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Candidate
629      Recommendation, <time datetime=2007-07-19>19 July 2007</time>.
630      Work in progress.  The latest version of the specification is
631      available at
632      <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21">http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21</a>></code>.</dd>
633  <dt id=ref-CSSOM>CSSOM</dt>  <dt id=ref-CSSOM>CSSOM</dt>
634    <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Cascading    <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Cascading
635    Style Sheets Object Model (<abbr>CSSOM</abbr>)</a></cite>,    Style Sheets Object Model (<abbr>CSSOM</abbr>)</a></cite>,
636    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
637    18 June 2007.  Work in progress.  The latest Editor's Draft    <time datetime=2007-06-18>18 June 2007</time>.  Work in progress.
638    of the specification is available at    The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
639    <code class=uri>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html</a>></code>.</dd>    <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html</a>></code>.</dd>
640    <dt id=ref-HTML5>HTML5</dt>
641      <dd><cite><a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr>HTML</abbr> 5</a></cite>,
642      <abbr title="Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group">WHATWG</abbr>
643      Working Draft.  Work in progress.</dd>
644    <dt id=ref-SAPI>SAPI</dt>
645      <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors <abbr>API</abbr></a></cite>,
646      <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
647      <time datetime=2007-08-29>29 August 2007</time>.  Work in progress.
648      The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
649      <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html</a>></code>.
650      The latest published version of the specification is available at
651      <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/">http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/</a>></code>.</dd>
652    <dt id=ref-XBL2>XBL2</dt>
653      <dd><cite><a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr>XBL</abbr>
654      2.0</a></cite>, Mozilla.org, <time datetime=2007-03-15>15 Mar 2007</time>.
655      Work in progress.  The latest
656      <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>$B!>(Bpublished
657      version of the specification is available at
658      <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/</a>></code>.</dd>
659  </dl>  </dl>
660  </div>  </div>
661    
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