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1  <!DOCTYPE html>  <!DOCTYPE html>
2  <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">  <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">
3  <head>  <head>
4  <title>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (SSFT) Specification</title>  <title>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (SSFT)</title>
5  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">
6  <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">  <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">
7  </head>  </head>
8  <body class="has-abstract">  <body class="has-abstract">
9    
10  <div class="header">  <div class="header">
11  <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)  <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)</h1>
12  Specification</h1>  <h2>Working Draft
13  <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-10-22>22 October 2007</time></h2>  <time datetime=2007-12-09>9 December 2007</time></h2>
14    
15  <dl class="versions-uri">  <dl class="versions-uri">
16  <dt>This Version</dt>  <dt>This Version</dt>
17    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-work"
18        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-work</a>&gt;</code></dd>
19  <dt>Latest Version</dt>  <dt>Latest Version</dt>
20    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
21        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
 <!--  
22  <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>  <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>
23  -->    <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-work"
24  <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->        >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-work</a>&gt;</code></dd>
25    <dt>Previous Version</dt>
26      <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-20071105"
27          >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-20071105</a>&gt;</code></dd>
28  <dt>Version History</dt>  <dt>Version History</dt>
29    <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>    <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-work.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft-work.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>
30  </dl>  <dt id=author>Author</dt>
 <dl class="authors" id="author">  
 <dt>Author</dt>  
31    <dd><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author"    <dd><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author"
32        lang=ja>Wakaba</a>        lang=ja>Wakaba</a>
33    <code class="mail">&lt;<a href="mailto:w@suika.fam.cx" rel="author"    <code class="mail">&lt;<a href="mailto:w@suika.fam.cx" rel="author"
# Line 52  available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a Line 52  available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a
52  <div id="abstract" class="section">  <div id="abstract" class="section">
53  <h2>Abstract</h2>  <h2>Abstract</h2>
54    
55  <div class="ed issue">...</div>  <p>This document defines
56    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>,
57    a subset of Selectors language which is suitable for describing results
58    of Selectors parsing tests.</p>
59    
60  </div>  </div>
61    
62  <div id="status" class="section">  <div id="status" class="section">
63  <h2>Status of This Document</h2>  <h2>Status of This Document</h2>
64    
65  <p class=section-info><em>This section describes the status of this document  <p class=section-info>This section describes the status of this document at the
66  at the time of its publication.  Other documents  time of its publication.  Other documents might supersede this document.</p>
67  might supersede this document.</em></p>  
68    <p><!-- This document is the specification -->This document is a working draft
69  <p>This document is a working draft, produced as part of the  of <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>,
70  <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/html/whatpm/readme">Whatpm</a>  produced as part of the
71  subproject  <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/html/whatpm/readme">Whatpm</a> product
72  of the <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/manakai-core/doc/web/">manakai</a>  of the <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/manakai-core/doc/web/">manakai</a>
73  project.  It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by  project.
74    It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
75  other documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to  other documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to
76  cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>  cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>
77    
78  <p>Comments on this document are welcome and  <p>Comments on this document are welcome and
79  may be sent to the <a href="#author">author</a>.</p>  may be sent to the <a href="#author">author</a>.</p>
80    
81  <p>Translations of thie document might be available.  <p>Translations of this document might be available.
82  The English version of the document is the only  The English version of the document is the only
83  normative version.</p>  normative version.</p>
84  </div>  </div>
# Line 98  in a tree structure and are used in Web Line 102  in a tree structure and are used in Web
102  <abbr>API</abbr></a>  <abbr>API</abbr></a>
103  <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-SAPI">SAPI</a>]</cite>.</p>  <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-SAPI">SAPI</a>]</cite>.</p>
104    
105  <div class="issue ed">...</div>  <p>It is so flexible language that a conceptually same pattern
106    can be represented in infinite numbers of instances of selectors.
107    It might be convenient for e.g. validation of a test result to
108    define a subset of the language, in which no semantically equivalent
109    selectors are contained.</p>
110    
111  <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The  <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The
112  <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>  <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>
# Line 111  attribute.  However, the algorithm is in Line 119  attribute.  However, the algorithm is in
119  <time datetime=2007-09-25>at the time of the writing</time>.    <time datetime=2007-09-25>at the time of the writing</time>.  
120  Note that current Web browser implementations  Note that current Web browser implementations
121  of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken  of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken
122  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>  in not escaping unsafe identifiers and therefore it is not wise
123    to deploy that format for testing.</p>
124    
125  </div>  </div>
126    
# Line 120  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p> Line 129  in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>
129    
130  <p>The key words <q><dfn id=must><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></dfn></q>,  <p>The key words <q><dfn id=must><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></dfn></q>,
131  <q><dfn id=must-not><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></dfn></q>,  <q><dfn id=must-not><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></dfn></q>,
132  <q><dfn id=should><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></dfn></q>,  <q><dfn id=should><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></dfn></q>, and
 <q><dfn id=should-not><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD NOT</em></dfn></q>, and  
133  <q><dfn id=may><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></dfn></q> in this  <q><dfn id=may><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></dfn></q> in this
134  document are to be interpreted as described in  document are to be interpreted as described in
135  <a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr>  <a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr>
# Line 148  simple selector in a selector.</p> Line 156  simple selector in a selector.</p>
156  </div>  </div>
157    
158  <div class="section" id="serializing">  <div class="section" id="serializing">
159  <h2>Serializing Selectors as  <h2>Serializing Selectors in
160  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
161  Representation</h2>  Representation</h2>
162    
# Line 157  to <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simpl Line 165  to <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simpl
165  selector</a> or <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">serialize  selector</a> or <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">serialize
166  a group of selectors</a>.</p>  a group of selectors</a>.</p>
167    
 <div class="issue ed">  
 <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/*checkout*/markup/html/whatpm/Whatpm/CSS/SelectorsSerializer.pm">See  
 also the reference implementation</a> for now.</p>  
 </div>  
   
168  <div class="note memo">  <div class="note memo">
169  <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>  <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>
170  </div>  </div>
 <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->  
171    
172  <div class=section id=serializing-tokens>  <div class=section id=serializing-tokens>
173  <h3>Serializing Tokens</h3>  <h3>Serializing Tokens</h3>
174    
175  <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize  <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize a string as an IDENT">normalize
176  an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>,  a string (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>) as an <code>IDENT</code></dfn>,
177  the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>  the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
178  <ol>  <ol>
179  <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following  <li>If <var>n</var> is either an <code>IDENT</code> or a <code>HASH</code>,
180  characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them  replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following characters) in
181  respectively.</li>  <var>n</var> by characters represented by them respectively.</li>
182    <li>If <var>n</var> is a <code>HASH</code>, remove the leading
183    <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code>
184    (<code class=char>#</code>) character from <var>n</var>.</li>
185  <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of  <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
186  <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>  <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
187  (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>  (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>
# Line 194  A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to Line 199  A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to
199  <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or  <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
200  <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in  <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
201  <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where  <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
202  <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded  <dfn id=var-ident-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the uppercase
203  hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character  zero$B!>(Bpadded hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character
204  is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,  is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
205  <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>  <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
206  <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>  <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
# Line 226  character by string <code>\00002D</code> Line 231  character by string <code>\00002D</code>
231  <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>  <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
232  </ol>  </ol>
233    
234  <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize  <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a string (STRING or IDENT) as a STRING">normalize
235  a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>,  a string (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>) as a <code>STRING</code></dfn>,
236  the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>  the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
237  <ol>  <ol>
238  <li><p>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following  <li>If <var>s</var> is either an <code>IDENT</code> or a
239  characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them  <code>STRING</code>, replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and
240    following characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them
241  (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by  (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by
242  newline character(s)) respectively.</p></li>  newline character(s)) respectively.</li>
243  <li><p>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>  <li>If <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>, remove the quotation marks
244  if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</p>  enclosing <var>s</var>.</li>
   
 <div class="note memo">  
 <p>The input <var>s</var> to this algorithm may be an  
 <code>IDENT</code>.</p>  
 </div></li>  
245  <li><p>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of  <li><p>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
246  <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,  <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,
247  <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>  <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
# Line 251  BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D< Line 252  BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D<
252  SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or  SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
253  <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in  <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
254  <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where  <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
255  <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded  <dfn id=var-string-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the uppercase
256  hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character  zero$B!>(Bpadded hexadecimal representation of the character.  If the character
257  is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,  is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
258  <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>  <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
259  <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</p></li>  <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</p></li>
# Line 287  representation.</p> Line 288  representation.</p>
288  representations are literally compared.</p>  representations are literally compared.</p>
289  </div>  </div>
290    
291    <div class="issue ed">
292    <p>In a future version of the specification, we need to define
293    <dfn id=lowercase>lowercase</dfn> (maybe by referencing some version of
294    some module of <abbr>CSS</abbr>).  It is <code>tr/A-Z/a-z/</code> for now.</p>
295    </div>
296    
297    <p>To
298    <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-integer title="normalize an integer">normalize
299    an integer (<dfn id=var-int-i><var>i</var></dfn>)</dfn>, the following
300    algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
301    <ol class=algorithm>
302    <li>If <var>i</var> is equal to zero (0), return a string with only a
303    character: <code class=char>U+0030</code>
304    <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code> (<code class=char>0</code>).
305    Stop the algorithm.</li>
306    <li>Let <dfn id=var-int-result><var>result</var></dfn> be an empty string.</li>
307    <li>If <var>i</var> is less than zero (0), append a
308    <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
309    (<code class=char>-</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
310    <li>Append the decimal representation of the absolute value of
311    <var>i</var> to <var>result</var>.  The decimal (base$B!>(Bten) representation
312    <em class=rfc2119>MUST NOT</em> begin with a <code class=char>U+0030</code>
313    <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code> (<code class=char>0</code>)
314    character.</li>
315    <li>Return <var>result</var>.</li>
316    </ol>
317    
318  </div>  </div>
319    
320    
# Line 309  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 337  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
337  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>
338    <dd>    <dd>
339      <ol>      <ol>
340      <li>      <li>Append a namespace prefix as following:
341    
342        <dl class=switch>        <dl class=switch>
343        <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or        <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or
344        by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>        by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>
345          <dd class="ed">@@</dd>          <dd>Append the namespace URI as a
346            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string as an IDENT">normalized
347            <code>IDENT</code></a> to <var>r</var>.  Then, append a
348            <code class=char>U+007C</code>
349            <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
350            character to <var>r</var>.</dd>
351        <dt>If the null namespace is specified (by zero$B!>(Blength namespace        <dt>If the null namespace is specified (by zero$B!>(Blength namespace
352        prefix)</dt>        prefix)</dt>
353          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
# Line 330  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 364  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
364        </dl>        </dl>
365      </li>      </li>
366      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the
367      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (IDENT) an IDENT">normalized</a>
368      local name to <var>r</var>.</li>      local name to <var>r</var>.</li>
369      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append      <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append
370      a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>      a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
# Line 347  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 381  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
381        Append a namespace prefix as following:        Append a namespace prefix as following:
382        <dl>        <dl>
383        <dt>If a namespace URI is specified</dt>        <dt>If a namespace URI is specified</dt>
384          <dd class=ed>@@</dd>          <dd>Append the namespace URI as a
385          <dd class=ed>@@ Current reference implementation is wrong,          <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string as an IDENT">normalized
386          since its result of sorting depends on namespace prefix.</dd>          <code>IDENT</code></a> to <var>r</var>.  Then, append a
387            <code class=char>U+007C</code>
388            <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
389            character to <var>r</var>.</dd>
390        <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>        <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>
391          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>          <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
392          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to          <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to
# Line 363  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 400  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
400        </dl>        </dl>
401      </li>      </li>
402      <li>Append the      <li>Append the
403      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (IDENT) as an IDENT">normalized</a>
404      local name to <var>r</var>.</li>      local name to <var>r</var>.</li>
405      <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:      <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:
406        <ol>        <ol>
# Line 383  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 420  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
420  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>
421    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL
422    STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed    STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed
423    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (IDENT) as an IDENT">normalized</a>
424    class name, to <var>r</var>.</dd>    class name, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
425  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>
426    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER    <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER
427    SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed    SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed
428    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>    by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (HASH except for the leading #) as an IDENT">normalized</a>
429    <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>r</var>.</dd>    <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>r</var>.</dd>
430  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>  <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>
431    <dd>    <dd>
# Line 397  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 434  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
434      <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character      <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character
435      to <var>r</var>.</li>      to <var>r</var>.</li>
436      <li>Append the      <li>Append the
437      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (IDENT) as an IDENT">normalized</a>
438      name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to <var>r</var>.</li>      name (in <a href="#lowercase">lowercase</a>) of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to
439        <var>r</var>.</li>
440      <li>Append any arguments as following:      <li>Append any arguments as following:
441        <dl class=switch>        <dl class=switch>
442        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>        <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>
# Line 408  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 446  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
446            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
447            to <var>r</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
448            <li>Append the            <li>Append the
449            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>            <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (IDENT) as an IDENT">normalized</a>
450            language tag (the argument) to <var>r</var>.</li>            language tag (the argument) to <var>r</var>.
451              <span class="issue ed">Should we normalize cases?</span></li>
452            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
453            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
454            (<code class=char>)</code>) character            (<code class=char>)</code>) character
# Line 440  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 479  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
479            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
480            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character            PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
481            to <var>r</var>.</li>            to <var>r</var>.</li>
482            <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>            <li>Let <dfn id=var-a><var>a</var></dfn> be the <var>a</var>
483            integer <var>a</var> to <var>r</var>.            part of the argument.  If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>
484            If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,            or <code>even</code>, then let <var>a</var> be <code>2</code>.
485            <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>.  If <var>a</var> and            If the <var>a</var> part with following <code>n</code> character
486            <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as            is omitted, then let <var>a</var> be <code>0</code>.
487            <code>0</code>.  Otherwise, if <var>a</var> is omitted,            Otherwise, if only the <var>a</var> part is omitted, then
488            it is assumed as <code>1</code> (or <code>-1</code>,            let <var>a</var> be <code>1</code>.  Otherwise, if the <var>a</var>
489            if there is a <code class=char>U+002D</code>            part is <code>-</code>, then let <var>a</var> be
490            <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)            <code>-1</code>.</li>
491            character).</li>            <li>Let <var>a</var> be the
492              <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-integer" title="normalize an integer">normalized
493              string representation</a> of integer <var>a</var>.</li>
494              <li>Append <var>a</var> to <var>r</var>.</li>
495            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>
496            <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>            <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>
497            (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>r</var>.</li>            (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>r</var>.</li>
498            <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>            <li>Let <dfn id=var-b><var>b</var></dfn> be the <var>b</var>
499            integer <var>b</var> to <var>r</var>.            part of the argument.  If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>,
500            It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,            then let <var>b</var> be <code>1</code>.  If the argument is a
501            either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS            keyword <code>even</code>, then let <var>b</var> be <code>0</code>.
502            SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or            If the <var>b</var> part is omitted, then let <var>b</var> be
503            <code class=char>U+002D</code>            <code>0</code>.</li>
504              <li>Let <var>b</var> be the
505              <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-integer" title="normalize an integer">normalized
506              string representation</a> of integer <var>b</var>.</li>
507              <li>If <var>b</var> does <em>not</em> start with a
508              <code class=char>U+002D</code>
509            <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)            <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
510            character.  If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>,            character, then append <code class=char>U+002B</code>
511            <var>b</var> is <code>1</code>.  If the argument            <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>
512            is a keyword <code>even</code>, <var>b</var> is            (<code class=char>+</code>) to <var>r</var>.</li>
513            <code>0</code>.  If <var>b</var> is omitted, it is assumed as            <li>Append <var>b</var> to <var>r</var>.</li>
           <code>0</code>.  The sign of <code>0</code>  
           <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code class=char>U+002B</code>  
           <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>  
           (<code class=char>+</code>).</li>  
514            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>            <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
515            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>            <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
516            (<code class=char>)</code>) character            (<code class=char>)</code>) character
# Line 523  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 566  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
566      <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)      <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)
567      to <var>r</var>.</li>      to <var>r</var>.</li>
568      <li>Append the      <li>Append the
569      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>      <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize a string (IDENT) as an IDENT">normalized</a>
570      name of the pseudo$B!>(Belement to <var>r</var>.</li>      name (in <a href="#lowercase">lowercase</a>) of the pseudo$B!>(Belement
571        to <var>r</var>.</li>
572      <li>If the pseudo$B!>(Belement has any arguments:      <li>If the pseudo$B!>(Belement has any arguments:
573          The pseudo$B!>(Belement is not supported by this version of          The pseudo$B!>(Belement is not supported by this version of
574          <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>          <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
# Line 547  representation of <var>ss</var>.</li> Line 591  representation of <var>ss</var>.</li>
591  <h3>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h3>  <h3>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h3>
592    
593  <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
594  representation is defined for an invalid group of selectors.</p>  representation is defined for an invalid
595    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
596    selectors</a>.</p>
597    
598  <p>To  <p>To
599  <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize  <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize
# Line 559  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 605  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
605  <var>gs</var>:  <var>gs</var>:
606    <ol>    <ol>
607    <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector    <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector
608    in the group of selectors, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>    in the <var>gs</var>, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>
609    <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a    <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a
610    <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>    <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
611    <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>    <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
# Line 567  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211 Line 613  the following algorithm <em class=rfc211
613    <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or    <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or
614    combinator in <var>selector</var> as following:    combinator in <var>selector</var> as following:
615      <dl class=switch>      <dl class=switch>
616      <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector      <dt>If it is a sequence of simple selector
617      (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>      (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>
618        <dd>        <dd>
619          <ol>          <ol>
620          <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize          <li>If <var>sss</var> contains a universal or type selector, then
621          each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>          <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
622          <li class=ed>sort</li>          that simple selector</a> and append the result to
623            <var>result</var>.</li>
624            <li>Otherwise, i.e. if <var>sss</var> does not contain a universal or
625            type selector, then
626            <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
627            a simple selector <code>*</code></a> and append the result to
628            <var>result</var>.</li>
629            <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">Serialize
630            any attribute selectors</a> in <var>sss</var>, sort the results,
631            then append them to <var>result</var> in order.</li>
632            <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">Serialize
633            any class selectors</a> in <var>sss</var>, sort the results,
634            then append them to <var>result</var> in order.</li>
635            <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">Serialize
636            any <abbr>ID</abbr> selectors</a> in <var>sss</var>, sort the results,
637            then append them to <var>result</var> in order.</li>
638            <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">Serialize
639            any pseudo$B!>(Bclass selectors</a> in <var>sss</var>, sort the results,
640            then append them to <var>result</var> in order.</li>
641            <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector" title="serialize a simple selector">Serialize
642            any pseudo elements</a> in <var>sss</var>, sort the results,
643            then append them to <var>result</var> in order.</li>
644          <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>          <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
645          </ol>          </ol>
646        </dd>        </dd>
# Line 626  representation of <var>gs</var>.</li> Line 693  representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>
693  <div class="section" id="parsing">  <div class="section" id="parsing">
694  <h2>Parsing  <h2>Parsing
695  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
696  Groups of Selectors</h2>  Representations of Selectors</h2>
697    
698  <p>Since <a href="#serializing">the serializing algorithm</a> is  <p>Since <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors">the serializing
699  so designed that it always output a valid  algorithm for groups of selectors</a> is so designed that it always outputs a
700  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of  valid <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
701  selectors</a>, no special parser for the  selectors</a>, no special parser for the
702  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
703  representation is necessary.  Any conforming parser for  representation is necessary.  Any conforming parser for
704  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
705  selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used  selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used
706  to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>  to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
707  representations of groups of selectors.</p>  representations of
708    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
709    selectors</a>.</p>
710    
711    <p>Likewise, <a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">the serializing
712    algorithm for simple selectors</a> always outputs a valid
713    <a href="#simple-selector">simple selector</a> and therefore any
714    conforming parser for <a href="#simple-selector">simple selector</a>
715    <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used to parse
716    <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
717    representations of <a href="#simple-selector">simple selectors</a>.</p>
718  </div>  </div>
719    
720  <div class="section" id="examples">  <div class="section" id="examples">
# Line 645  representations of groups of selectors.< Line 722  representations of groups of selectors.<
722    
723  <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>  <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
724    
 <div class="ed issue">  
 <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/2007/css/parser-interface">Try demo</a>,  
 by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio button.</p>  
   
725  <div class="example figure block">  <div class="example figure block">
726  <div class="caption">...</div>  <p>The <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
727    representation of a selector <code>p + q</code> is:</p>
728    
729  <pre><code>...</code></pre>  <pre><code>    *|p
730      + *|q
731    </code></pre>
732  </div>  </div>
733    
734    <div class="example figure block">
735    <p>The <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
736    representation of a selector <code>a#id.class1:n\ot(:Active)/*
737     comment
738    */.class2</code> is:</p>
739    
740    <pre><code>    *|a.class1.class2#id:not(
741            :active
742        )
743    </code></pre>
744    </div>
745    
746    <div class="example figure block">
747    <p>The <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
748    representation of a
749    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of selectors</a>
750    <code>a, #b, C[d^=e], .\31 23</code> is:</p>
751    
752    <pre><code>    *|a
753    ,
754        *|*#b
755    ,
756        *|C[|d^="e"]
757    ,
758        *|*.\00003123
759    </code></pre>
760  </div>  </div>
761    
762  </div>  </div>
# Line 673  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto Line 775  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto
775    <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>    <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>
776    14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,    14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,
777    <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.    <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.
778    This version of the specification is referenced</dd>    This version of the specification is referenced.</dd>
779  <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>  <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>
780    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,
781    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,
# Line 706  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto Line 808  by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio butto
808  <dt id=ref-HTML5>HTML5</dt>  <dt id=ref-HTML5>HTML5</dt>
809    <dd><cite><a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr>HTML</abbr> 5</a></cite>,    <dd><cite><a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr>HTML</abbr> 5</a></cite>,
810    <abbr title="Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group">WHATWG</abbr>    <abbr title="Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group">WHATWG</abbr>
811    Working Draft.  Work in progress.</dd>    Working Draft, <time datetime="2007-11-03">3 November 2007</time>.
812      Work in progress.</dd>
813  <dt id=ref-SAPI>SAPI</dt>  <dt id=ref-SAPI>SAPI</dt>
814    <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors <abbr>API</abbr></a></cite>,    <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors <abbr>API</abbr></a></cite>,
815    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,    <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,

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