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1 wakaba 1.1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2     <html lang="en" class="formal-specification status-work-in-progress">
3     <head>
4 wakaba 1.2 <title>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (SSFT) Specification</title>
5 wakaba 1.1 <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/style/html/spec">
6     <link rel="license" href="http://suika.fam.cx/c/gnu/fdl">
7     </head>
8     <body class="has-abstract">
9    
10     <div class="header">
11 wakaba 1.2 <h1>Selectors Serialization Format for Testing (<abbr>SSFT</abbr>)
12     Specification</h1>
13 wakaba 1.11 <h2>Working Draft <time datetime=2007-10-22>22 October 2007</time></h2>
14 wakaba 1.1
15     <dl class="versions-uri">
16     <dt>This Version</dt>
17     <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
18     >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
19     <dt>Latest Version</dt>
20     <dd><code class="URI">&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft"
21     >http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft</a>&gt;</code></dd>
22     <!--
23     <dt>Latest Working Draft</dt>
24     -->
25     <!-- <dt>Previous Version</dt> -->
26 wakaba 1.5 <dt>Version History</dt>
27     <dd><code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html">http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/markup/selectors/ssft/ssft.en.html</a>&gt;</code></dd>
28 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
29     <dl class="authors" id="author">
30     <dt>Author</dt>
31     <dd><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author"
32     lang=ja>Wakaba</a>
33     <code class="mail">&lt;<a href="mailto:w@suika.fam.cx" rel="author"
34     >w@suika.fam.cx</a>&gt;</code></dd>
35     </dl>
36    
37 wakaba 1.5 <p class="copyright" lang="en">&#xA9; <time>2007</time> <a
38 wakaba 1.1 href="http://suika.fam.cx/~wakaba/who?" rel="author">Wakaba</a>.
39     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
40     under the terms of the <a rel="license"
41     href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>,
42     Version 1.2
43     or any later version published by the <a
44     href="http://www.fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>;
45     with no Invariant Sections, no Front$B!>(BCover Texts, and no Back$B!>(BCover
46     Texts. A copy of the license is
47     available at <code class="URI">&lt;<a
48     href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"
49     rel="license">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html</a>&gt;</code>.</p>
50     </div>
51    
52     <div id="abstract" class="section">
53     <h2>Abstract</h2>
54    
55     <div class="ed issue">...</div>
56    
57     </div>
58    
59     <div id="status" class="section">
60     <h2>Status of This Document</h2>
61    
62 wakaba 1.5 <p class=section-info><em>This section describes the status of this document
63 wakaba 1.1 at the time of its publication. Other documents
64     might supersede this document.</em></p>
65    
66 wakaba 1.10 <p>This document is a working draft, produced as part of the
67     <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/markup/html/whatpm/readme">Whatpm</a>
68     subproject
69 wakaba 1.5 of the <a href="http://suika.fam.cx/www/manakai-core/doc/web/">manakai</a>
70     project. It might be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
71 wakaba 1.1 other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to
72     cite this document as other than <q>work in progress</q>.</p>
73    
74     <p>Comments on this document are welcome and
75     may be sent to the <a href="#author">author</a>.</p>
76    
77     <p>Translations of thie document might be available.
78     The English version of the document is the only
79     normative version.</p>
80     </div>
81    
82     <div id="introduction" class="section">
83     <h2>Introduction</h2>
84    
85 wakaba 1.7 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
86 wakaba 1.5
87     <p>Selectors
88     <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-SELECTORS">SELECTORS</a>]</cite>
89     are patterns that match against elements
90     in a tree structure and are used in Web technologies, including
91     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21"><abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr></a>
92     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSS">CSS</a>]</cite>,
93     <a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr>5</a>
94     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-HTML5">HTML5</a>]</cite>,
95     <a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr title="XML Binding Language">XBL</abbr>2</a>
96     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-XBL2">XBL2</a>]</cite>, and
97     <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors
98     <abbr>API</abbr></a>
99     <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-SAPI">SAPI</a>]</cite>.</p>
100 wakaba 1.4
101 wakaba 1.1 <div class="issue ed">...</div>
102    
103 wakaba 1.4 <p><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">The
104     <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets Object Model">CSSOM</abbr>
105     specification</a>
106 wakaba 1.5 <cite class="bibref informative">[<a href="#ref-CSSOM">CSSOM</a>]</cite>
107 wakaba 1.4 is trying to define an algorithm to
108     <a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8#serializing0">serialize
109     a group of selectors</a> for the purpose of <code>selectorText</code>
110     attribute. However, the algorithm is incomplete
111 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2007-09-25>at the time of the writing</time>.
112     Note that current Web browser implementations
113 wakaba 1.4 of the <code>selectorText</code> attribute are consistently broken
114     in not escaping unsafe identifiers.</p>
115    
116 wakaba 1.1 </div>
117    
118     <div class="section" id="terminology">
119     <h2>Terminology</h2>
120    
121 wakaba 1.10 <p>The key words <q><dfn id=must><em class="rfc2119">MUST</em></dfn></q>,
122     <q><dfn id=must-not><em class="rfc2119">MUST NOT</em></dfn></q>,
123     <q><dfn id=should><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD</em></dfn></q>,
124     <q><dfn id=should-not><em class="rfc2119">SHOULD NOT</em></dfn></q>, and
125     <q><dfn id=may><em class=rfc2119>MAY</em></dfn></q> in this
126 wakaba 1.1 document are to be interpreted as described in
127 wakaba 1.5 <a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr>
128     2119</a>
129 wakaba 1.1 <cite class="bibref normative">[<a href="#ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</a>]</cite>.</p>
130 wakaba 1.5
131 wakaba 1.15 <p>Requirements phrased in the imperative as part of algorithms are to be
132     interpreted with the meaning of the key word (<em class=rfc2119>MUST</em>)
133     used in introducing the algorithm.</p>
134    
135     <p>Conformance requirements phrased as algorithms or specific steps
136     <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be implemented in any manner, so long as the end
137     result is equivalent.</p>
138    
139 wakaba 1.5 <!-- Strictly speaking the paragraph below is not part of terminology. -->
140 wakaba 1.7 <p>All examples and notes in this specification are non$B!>(Bnormative,
141     as are all sections explicitly marked non$B!>(Bnormative. Everything
142 wakaba 1.5 else in this specification is normative.</p>
143 wakaba 1.7
144     <p>For the purpose of this specification, pseudo$B!>(Belements are also
145     referred to as <dfn title="simple selector" id=simple-selector>simple
146     selectors</dfn> and are considered as part of the last sequence of
147     simple selector in a selector.</p>
148 wakaba 1.1 </div>
149    
150     <div class="section" id="serializing">
151 wakaba 1.13 <h2>Serializing Selectors as
152 wakaba 1.12 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
153     Representation</h2>
154 wakaba 1.1
155     <div class="issue ed">
156     <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/cvs/*checkout*/markup/html/whatpm/Whatpm/CSS/SelectorsSerializer.pm">See the reference implementation</a>
157     for now.</p>
158     </div>
159 wakaba 1.3
160 wakaba 1.15 <div class="note memo">
161     <p>The serialized representation will not contain any comment.</p>
162     </div>
163     <!-- TODO: link terms to Selectors -->
164    
165 wakaba 1.14 <div class=section id=serializing-tokens>
166     <h3>Serializing Tokens</h3>
167    
168     <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-an-ident title="normalize an IDENT">normalize
169 wakaba 1.15 an <code>IDENT</code> (<dfn id=var-n><var>n</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
170     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
171 wakaba 1.14 <ol>
172     <li>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
173     characters) in <var>n</var> by characters represented by them
174     respectively.</li>
175     <li>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
176     <code class=char>U+002D</code> <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code>
177     (<code class=char>-</code>), <code class=char>U+0030</code>
178     <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
179     (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
180     <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
181     <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
182     A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
183     <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
184     <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
185     (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
186     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
187     (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
188     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
189     <code class=char>U+0080</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
190     <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
191     <var>n</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
192     <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
193     hexadecimal representation of the character. If the character
194     is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
195     <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
196     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</li>
197     <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is one of
198     <code class=char>U+0030</code> <code class=charname>DIGIT ZERO</code>
199     (<code class=char>0</code>) to <code class=char>U+0039</code>
200     <code class=charname>DIGIT NINE</code> (<code class=char>9</code>),
201     then prepend a string <code>\00003</code> at the beginning of
202     <var>n</var>.</li>
203     <li>If the first character in <var>n</var> is <code class=char>U+002D</code>
204     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>) and
205     the second character, if any, is <em>not</em> one of
206     <code class=char>U+0041</code> <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
207     A</code> (<code class=char>A</code>) to <code class=char>U+005A</code>
208     <code class=charname>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>Z</code>),
209     <code class=char>U+005F</code> <code class=charname>LOW LINE</code>
210     (<code class=char>_</code>), <code class=char>U+0061</code>
211     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER A</code>
212     (<code class=char>a</code>) to <code class=char>U+006A</code>
213     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</code> (<code class=char>z</code>),
214     <code>U+0080</code> to <code>U+D7FF</code>, or
215     <code>U+E000</code> to <code>U+10FFFF</code>, or
216     <var>n</var> is equal to <code class=char>U+002D</code>
217     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>), then
218     replace the <code class=char>U+002D</code>
219     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
220     character by string <code>\00002D</code>.</li>
221     <li>Then, <var>n</var> is the result of the algorithm.</li>
222     </ol>
223 wakaba 1.12
224 wakaba 1.14 <p>To <dfn id=algorithm-normalize-a-string title="normalize a STRING">normalize
225 wakaba 1.15 a <code>STRING</code> (<dfn id=var-s><var>s</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
226     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
227 wakaba 1.14 <ol>
228     <li><p>Replace the escape sequences (<code>\</code> and following
229     characters) in <var>s</var> by characters represented by them
230     (or an empty string if <code>\</code> is immediately followed by
231     newline character(s)) respectively.</p></li>
232     <li><p>Remove the quotation characters in <var>s</var>
233     if <var>s</var> is a <code>STRING</code>.</p>
234 wakaba 1.8
235     <div class="note memo">
236 wakaba 1.14 <p>The input <var>s</var> to this algorithm may be an
237     <code>IDENT</code>.</p>
238     </div></li>
239     <li><p>If there is any character that is <em>not</em> one of
240     <code class=char>U+0020</code> <code class=charname>SPACE</code>,
241     <code class=char>U+0021</code> <code class=charname>EXCLAMATION MARK</code>
242     (<code class=char>!</code>), <code class=char>U+0023</code>
243     <code class=charname>NUMBER SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) to
244     <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT SQUARE
245     BRACKET</code>, <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
246     SQUARE BRACKET</code> to <code class=char>U+D7FF</code>, or
247     <code class=char>U+E000</code> to <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code> in
248     <var>s</var>, then replace it by string <code>\<var>HHHHHH</var></code>, where
249     <dfn id=var-HHHHHH><var>HHHHHH</var></dfn> is the upper$B!>(Bcase zero$B!>(Bpadded
250     hexadecimal representation of the character. If the character
251     is outside the range of <code>[<code class=char>U+0000</code>,
252     <code class=char>U+10FFFF</code>]</code>, <var>HHHHHH</var>
253     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code>FFFFFF</code>.</p></li>
254     <li><p>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
255     MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the beginning of
256     <var>s</var>.</p></li>
257     <li><p>Insert a <code class=char>U+0022</code> <code class=charname>QUOTATION
258     MARK</code> (<code class=char>"</code>) at the end of <var>s</var>.</p></li>
259     <li><p>Then, <var>s</var> is the result of the algorithm.</p></li>
260     </ol>
261 wakaba 1.3
262 wakaba 1.14 <p>A <dfn id=newline title=newline>newline</dfn>
263     <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be represented as a
264     <code class=char>U+000A</code> <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code>
265     character. However, depending on the context where
266     the <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
267     representation is in use, a sequence of
268     <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
269     followed by a <code class=char>U+000A</code>
270     <code class=charname>LINE FEED</code> (i.e. a
271     <code>CRLF</code> sequence) or a character
272     <code class=char>U+000D</code> <code class=charname>CARRIAGE RETURN</code>
273     <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used as a <a href="#newline">newline</a> instead.
274     <a href="#newline">Newline</a> representations
275     <em class=rfc2119>SHOULD</em> be consistent in an
276     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
277     representation.</p>
278 wakaba 1.4
279 wakaba 1.14 <div class="note memo">
280     <p>Therefore, newlines must be normalized before
281 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
282 wakaba 1.14 representations are literally compared.</p>
283     </div>
284 wakaba 1.6
285 wakaba 1.12 </div>
286    
287 wakaba 1.14
288 wakaba 1.12 <div class=section id=serializing-simple-selectors>
289     <h3>Serializing Simple Selectors</h3>
290    
291 wakaba 1.15 <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
292     representation is defined for an invalid simple selector selector.</p>
293    
294 wakaba 1.7 <p>To
295     <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector title="serialize a simple selector">serialize
296 wakaba 1.15 a simple selector (<dfn><var id=var-ss>ss</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
297     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
298 wakaba 1.6 <dl class=switch>
299     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a type or universal selector</dt>
300 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
301     <ol>
302     <li>
303     <dl class=switch>
304     <dt>If a namespace URI is specified (via namespace prefix, or
305     by omitting namespace prefix where a default namespace is specified)</dt>
306     <dd class="ed">@@</dd>
307     <dt>If the null namespace is specified (by zero$B!>(Blength namespace
308     prefix)</dt>
309     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
310     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
311     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
312     <dt>If no namespace is specified (by namespace prefix <code>*</code>,
313     or by omitting namespace prefix where no default namespace is
314     specified)</dt>
315     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
316     <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
317     character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
318     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
319     character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
320     </dl>
321     </li>
322     <li>If <var>ss</var> is a type selector, append the
323 wakaba 1.11 <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
324     local name to <var>result</var>.</li>
325 wakaba 1.7 <li>If <var>ss</var> is a universal selector, append
326     a <code class=char>U+002A</code> <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code>
327     (<code class=char>*</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
328     </ol>
329     </dd>
330     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an attribute selector</dt>
331 wakaba 1.9 <dd>
332     <ol>
333     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005B</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
334     SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>[</code>) to
335     <var>result</var>.</li>
336     <li>
337     Append a namespace prefix as following:
338     <dl>
339     <dt>If a namespace URI is specified</dt>
340     <dd class=ed>@@</dd>
341     <dd class=ed>@@ Current reference implementation is wrong,
342     since its result of sorting depends on namespace prefix.</dd>
343     <dt>If the null namespace is specified</dt>
344     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
345     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> character to
346     <var>result</var>.</dd>
347     <dt>If no namespace is specified</dt>
348     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002A</code>
349     <code class=charname>ASTERISK</code> (<code class=char>*</code>)
350     character, followed by a <code class=char>U+007C</code>
351     <code class=charname>VERTICAL BAR</code> (<code class=char>|</code>)
352     character, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
353     </dl>
354     </li>
355 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
356     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
357     local name to <var>result</var>.</li>
358 wakaba 1.9 <li>If a value is specified in <var>ss</var>:
359     <ol>
360     <li>Depending on the way to match, append <code>=</code>,
361     <code>~=</code>, <code>|=</code>, <code>^=</code>,
362     <code>$=</code>, or <code>*=</code> to <var>result</var>.</li>
363 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
364     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
365     value to <var>result</var>.</li>
366 wakaba 1.9 </ol>
367     </li>
368     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+005D</code> <code class=charname>RIGHT
369     SQUARE BRACKET</code> (<code class=char>]</code>) to
370     <var>result</var>.</li>
371     </ol>
372     </dd>
373 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a class selector</dt>
374     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002E</code> <code class=charname>FULL
375     STOP</code> (<code class=char>.</code>) character, followed
376 wakaba 1.11 by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
377     class name, <var>result</var>.</dd>
378 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is an <abbr>ID</abbr> selector</dt>
379     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0023</code> <code class=charname>NUMBER
380     SIGN</code> (<code class=char>#</code>) character, followed
381 wakaba 1.11 by <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
382     <abbr>ID</abbr>, to <var>result</var>.</dd>
383 wakaba 1.7 <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Bclass selector</dt>
384     <dd>
385     <ol>
386     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+003A</code>
387     <code class=charname>COLON</code> (<code class=char>:</code>) character
388     to <var>result</var>.</li>
389 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
390     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
391     name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass to <var>result</var>.</li>
392 wakaba 1.7 <li>Append any arguments as following:
393     <dl class=switch>
394 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>lang</code></dt>
395 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
396     <ol>
397     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
398     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
399     to <var>result</var>.</li>
400 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
401     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
402 wakaba 1.7 language tag (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>
403     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
404     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
405     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
406     to <var>result</var>.</li>
407     </ol>
408     </dd>
409 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is
410     <code>-manakai-contains</code></dt>
411 wakaba 1.7 <dd>
412     <ol>
413     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
414     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
415     to <var>result</var>.</li>
416 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
417     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-a-string" title="normalize a string">normalized</a>
418 wakaba 1.7 string (the argument) to <var>result</var>.</li>
419     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
420     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
421     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
422     to <var>result</var>.</li>
423     </ol>
424     </dd>
425 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is either <code>nth-child</code>,
426 wakaba 1.7 <code>nth-last-child</code>, <code>nth-of-type</code>, or
427     <code>nth-last-of-type</code></dt>
428     <dd>
429     <ol>
430     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
431     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code class=char>(</code>) character
432     to <var>result</var>.</li>
433     <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
434     integer <var>a</var> to <var>result</var>.
435     If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code> or <code>even</code>,
436     <var>a</var> is <code>2</code>. If <var>a</var> and
437     <code>n</code> is omitted, <var>a</var> is assumed as
438     <code>0</code>. Otherwise, if <var>a</var> is omitted,
439     it is assumed as <code>1</code> (or <code>-1</code>,
440     if there is a <code class=char>U+002D</code>
441     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
442     character).</li>
443     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+006E</code>
444     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>
445     (<code class=char>n</code>) character to <var>result</var>.</li>
446     <li>Append <span class=ed>@@ normalized</span>
447     integer <var>b</var> to <var>result</var>.
448     It <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be preceded by a sign,
449     either <code class=char>U+002B</code> <code class=charname>PLUS
450     SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>) or
451     <code class=char>U+002D</code>
452     <code class=charname>HYPHEN-MINUS</code> (<code class=char>-</code>)
453     character. If the argument is a keyword <code>odd</code>,
454     <var>b</var> is <code>1</code>. If the argument
455     is a keyword <code>even</code>, <var>b</var> is
456     <code>0</code>. If <var>b</var> is omitted, it is assumed as
457     <code>0</code>. The sign of <code>0</code>
458     <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be <code class=char>U+002B</code>
459     <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code>
460     (<code class=char>+</code>).</li>
461     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
462     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
463     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
464     to <var>result</var>.</li>
465     </ol>
466     </dd>
467 wakaba 1.8 <dt>If the name of the pseudo$B!>(Bclass is <code>not</code></dt>
468     <dd>
469     <ol>
470     <li>Append a string of <code class=char>U+003A</code>
471     <code class=charname>COLON</code>, <code class=char>U+006E</code>
472     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER N</code>,
473     <code class=char>U+006F</code> <code class=charname>LATIN
474     SMALL LETTER O</code>, <code class=char>U+0074</code>
475     <code class=charname>LATIN SMALL LETTER T</code>, and
476     <code class=char>U+0028</code> <code class=charname>LEFT
477     PARENTHESIS</code> (<code>:not(</code>), followed by a
478     <a href="#newline">newline</a>, to <var>result</var>.</li>
479     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
480     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
481     <var>result</var>.</li>
482     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
483     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
484     <var>result</var> again.</li>
485     <li><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
486     the simple selector specified as the argument to the
487     <code>not</code> pseudo$B!>(Bclass</a>.</li>
488     <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to
489     <var>result</var>.</li>
490     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
491     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to
492     <var>result</var>.</li>
493     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0029</code>
494     <code class=charname>RIGHT PARENTHESIS</code>
495     (<code class=char>)</code>) character
496     to <var>result</var>.</li>
497     </ol>
498     </dd>
499 wakaba 1.7 </dl>
500     </li>
501     </ol>
502     </dd>
503     <dt>If <var>ss</var> is a pseudo$B!>(Belement</dt>
504     <dd>
505     <ol>
506     <li>Append two <code class=char>U+003A</code>
507     <code class=charname>COLON</code> characters (<code>::</code>)
508     to <var>result</var>.</li>
509 wakaba 1.11 <li>Append the
510     <a href="#algorithm-normalize-an-ident" title="normalize an IDENT">normalized</a>
511     name of the pseudo$B!>(Belement to <var>result</var>.</li>
512 wakaba 1.7 <!-- For future version: append "(", arguments, ")", if any. -->
513     </ol>
514     </dd>
515 wakaba 1.6 </dl>
516 wakaba 1.1
517 wakaba 1.12 </div>
518    
519 wakaba 1.14 <div class=section id=serializing-groups-of-selectors>
520     <h3>Serializing Groups of Selectors</h3>
521 wakaba 1.12
522 wakaba 1.14 <p>No <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
523     representation is defined for an invalid group of selectors.</p>
524 wakaba 1.13
525 wakaba 1.14 <p>To
526     <dfn id=algorithm-serialize-a-group-of-selectors title="serialize a group of selectors">serialize
527 wakaba 1.15 a group of selectors (<dfn id=var-gs><var>gs</var></dfn>)</dfn>,
528     the following algorithm <em class=rfc2119>MUST</em> be used:</p>
529 wakaba 1.14 <ol>
530     <li>Let <dfn id=var-result><var>result</var></dfn> an empty string.</li>
531     <li>For each selector (<dfn id=var-selector><var>selector</var></dfn>) in
532     <var>gs</var>:
533     <ol>
534     <li>If <var>selector</var> is <em>not</em> the first selector
535     in the group of selectors, then append a <code class=char>U+002C</code>
536     <code class=charname>COMMA</code> (<code class=char>,</code>) followed by a
537     <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
538     <li>Append four <code class=char>U+0020</code>
539     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
540     <li>Process each sequence of simple selectors or
541     combinator in <var>selector</var> by following algorithm:
542     <dl class=switch>
543     <dt>If it is a sequence of simle selector
544     (<dfn id=var-sss><var>sss</var></dfn>)</dt>
545     <dd>
546     <ol>
547     <li class=ed><a href="#algorithm-serialize-a-simple-selector">Serialize
548     each simple selector</a> in <var>sss</var>.</li>
549     <li class=ed>sort</li>
550     <li>Append a <a href="#newline">newline</a> to <var>result</var>.</li>
551     </ol>
552     </dd>
553     <dt>If it is a combinator (<dfn id=var-c><var>c</var></dfn>)</dt>
554     <dd>
555     <ol>
556     <li>Append two <code class=char>U+0020</code>
557     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> characters to <var>result</var>.</li>
558     <li>
559     <dl class=switch>
560     <dt>If <var>c</var> is descendant combinator (white space)</dt>
561     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
562     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
563     <var>result</var>.</dd>
564     <dt>If <var>c</var> is child combinator
565     (<code class=char>></code>)</dt>
566     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+003E</code>
567     <code class=charname>GREATER-THAN SIGN</code>
568     (<code class=char>></code>) character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
569     <dt>If <var>c</var> is adjacent sibling combinator
570     (<code class=char>+</code>)</dt>
571     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+002B</code>
572     <code class=charname>PLUS SIGN</code> (<code class=char>+</code>)
573     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
574     <dt>If <var>c</var> is general sibling combinator
575     (<code class=char>~</code>)</dt>
576     <dd>Append a <code class=char>U+007E</code>
577     <code class=charname>TILDE</code> (<code class=char>~</code>)
578     character to <var>result</var>.</dd>
579     </dl>
580     </li>
581     <li>Append a <code class=char>U+0020</code>
582     <code class=charname>SPACE</code> character to
583     <var>result</var>.</li>
584     </ol>
585     </dd>
586     </dl>
587     </ol>
588     </li>
589     <li>Then, <var>result</var> is the
590 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
591 wakaba 1.14 representation of <var>gs</var>.</li>
592     </ol>
593 wakaba 1.12
594 wakaba 1.8 </div>
595    
596 wakaba 1.1 </div>
597    
598     <div class="section" id="parsing">
599     <h2>Parsing
600 wakaba 1.8 <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
601 wakaba 1.1 Groups of Selectors</h2>
602    
603     <p>Since <a href="#serializing">the serializing algorithm</a> is
604     so designed that it always output a valid
605     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">group of
606 wakaba 1.8 selectors</a>, no special parser for the
607     <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
608     representation is necessary. Any conforming parser for
609     <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#grouping">groups of
610     selectors</a> <em class=rfc2119>MAY</em> be used
611     to parse <abbr title="Selectors Serialization Format for Testing">SSFT</abbr>
612     representations of groups of selectors.</p>
613 wakaba 1.1 </div>
614    
615     <div class="section" id="examples">
616     <h2>Examples</h2>
617    
618 wakaba 1.7 <p class=section-info>This section is <em>non$B!>(Bnormative</em>.</p>
619 wakaba 1.1
620     <div class="ed issue">
621     <p><a href="http://suika.fam.cx/gate/2007/css/parser-interface">Try demo</a>,
622 wakaba 1.7 by choosing <q>Selectors</q> radio button.</p>
623 wakaba 1.1
624     <div class="example figure block">
625     <div class="caption">...</div>
626    
627     <pre><code>...</code></pre>
628     </div>
629    
630     </div>
631    
632     </div>
633    
634     <div id="references" class="section reference">
635 wakaba 1.7 <h2>References</h2>
636 wakaba 1.1
637     <div id="normative-references" class="section normative reference">
638     <h3>Normative References</h3>
639    
640     <dl>
641     <dt id="ref-KEYWORDS">KEYWORDS</dt>
642 wakaba 1.4 <dd><cite><a href="urn:ietf:rfc:2119">Key words for use in
643     <abbr>RFCs</abbr> to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>,
644     <abbr title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>
645     <a href="urn:ietf:bcp:14"><abbr title="Best Current Practice">BCP</abbr>
646 wakaba 1.5 14</a>, <abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 2119,
647     <time datetime=1997-03>March 1997</time>.
648 wakaba 1.4 This version of the specification is referenced</dd>
649 wakaba 1.1 <dt id=ref-SELECTORS>SELECTORS</dt>
650 wakaba 1.2 <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-css3-selectors-20051215"><cite>Selectors</cite></a>,
651     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Draft,
652 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2005-12-15>15 December 2005</time>. Work in progress.
653 wakaba 1.2 <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors">The latest version</a>
654     of the specification is referenced.</dd>
655 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
656     </div>
657    
658     <div id="informative-references" class="section informative reference">
659 wakaba 1.7 <h3>Non$B!>(Bnormative References</h3>
660 wakaba 1.1
661     <dl>
662 wakaba 1.5 <dt id=ref-CSS>CSS</dt>
663     <dd><cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/CR-CSS21-20070719">Cascading
664     Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (<abbr>CSS</abbr> 2.1)
665     Specification</a></cite>,
666     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Candidate
667     Recommendation, <time datetime=2007-07-19>19 July 2007</time>.
668     Work in progress. The latest version of the specification is
669     available at
670     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21">http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21</a>></code>.</dd>
671 wakaba 1.4 <dt id=ref-CSSOM>CSSOM</dt>
672     <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/csswg/cssom/Overview.html?rev=1.55&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Cascading
673     Style Sheets Object Model (<abbr>CSSOM</abbr>)</a></cite>,
674     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
675 wakaba 1.5 <time datetime=2007-06-18>18 June 2007</time>. Work in progress.
676     The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
677     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom/Overview.html</a>></code>.</dd>
678     <dt id=ref-HTML5>HTML5</dt>
679     <dd><cite><a href="http://whatwg.org/html5"><abbr>HTML</abbr> 5</a></cite>,
680     <abbr title="Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group">WHATWG</abbr>
681     Working Draft. Work in progress.</dd>
682     <dt id=ref-SAPI>SAPI</dt>
683     <dd><cite><a href="http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html?rev=1.28&amp;content-type=text/html;%20charset=utf-8">Selectors <abbr>API</abbr></a></cite>,
684     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Editor's Draft,
685     <time datetime=2007-08-29>29 August 2007</time>. Work in progress.
686     The latest Editor's Draft of the specification is available at
687     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html">http://dev.w3.org/2006/webapi/selectors-api/Overview.html</a>></code>.
688     The latest published version of the specification is available at
689     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/">http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors-api/</a>></code>.</dd>
690 wakaba 1.10 <dt id=ref-XBL2>XBL2</dt>
691 wakaba 1.5 <dd><cite><a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xbl/xbl2.html"><abbr>XBL</abbr>
692     2.0</a></cite>, Mozilla.org, <time datetime=2007-03-15>15 Mar 2007</time>.
693     Work in progress. The latest
694     <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>$B!>(Bpublished
695     version of the specification is available at
696     <code class=URI>&lt;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xbl/</a>></code>.</dd>
697 wakaba 1.1 </dl>
698     </div>
699    
700     </div>
701    
702     </body>
703     </html>

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