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wakaba |
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[7] '''Internet Media Type message/sipfrag''' |
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- Network Working Group |
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- Request for Comments: 3420 |
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- Category: Standards Track |
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- R. Sparks |
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- dynamicsoft |
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- November 2002 |
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* Status of this Memo |
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> This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the |
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Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for |
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improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet |
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Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state |
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and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. |
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* Copyright Notice |
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> Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved. |
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* Abstract |
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> This document registers the message/sipfrag Multipurpose Internet |
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Mail Extensions (MIME) media type. This type is similar to |
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message/sip, but allows certain subsets of well formed Session |
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Initiation Protocol (SIP) messages to be represented instead of |
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requiring a complete SIP message. In addition to end-to-end security |
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uses, message/sipfrag is used with the REFER method to convey |
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information about the status of a referenced request. |
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[8] この文書は、 message/sipfrag 多目的 Internet メイル拡張 (MIME) |
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媒体型を登録します。この型は message/sip と似ていますが、完全な |
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Session 初期化プロトコル (SIP) メッセージであることを要求する代わりに、整形式 |
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SIP メッセージのある部分集合で表現することを認めています。 |
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末端対末端の安全性の用途に用いるのに加えて、 message/sipfrag |
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は REFER 方式で被参照要求の状態についての情報を伝えるのに使います。 |
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* Table of Contents |
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[PRE[ |
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1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
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2. Definition: message/sipfrag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 |
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3. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
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3.1 Valid message/sipfrag parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 |
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3.2 Invalid message/sipfrag parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 |
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4. Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 |
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5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 |
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6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 |
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Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 |
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Non-Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 |
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Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 |
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Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 |
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]PRE] |
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* 1. Introduction |
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> The message/sip MIME media type defined in [1] carries an entire well |
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formed SIP message. Section 23.4 of [1] describes the use of |
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message/sip in concert with S/MIME to enhance end-to-end security. |
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The concepts in that section can be extended to allow SIP entities to |
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make assertions about a subset of a SIP message (for example, as |
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described in [6]). The message/sipfrag type defined in this document |
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is used to represent this subset. |
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[9] >>1 で定義された [CODE[message/sip]] [[MIME]] |
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[[媒体型]]は、完全に[[整形式]]の [[SIP]] |
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[[メッセージ]]を伝えます。 >>1 の23.4章は [CODE[message/sip]] |
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を [[S/MIME]] |
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と一緒に使って末端対末端安全性を向上させる方法を説明しています。 |
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この章の概念は、 SIP メッセージの部分集合について SIP |
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[[実体]]が断言することを認めるように拡張出来ます |
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(例えば >>6 で説明されているように)。この文書で定義する |
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[CODE[message/sipfrag]] 型はこの部分集合を表現するのに使います。 |
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> A subset of a SIP message is also used by the REFER method defined |
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in [5] to carry the status of referenced requests. Allowing only a |
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portion of a SIP message to be carried allows information that could |
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compromise privacy and confidentiality to be protected by removal. |
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[10] SIP メッセージの部分集合は >>5 で定義された [CODE[REFER]] |
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方式でも被参照要求の状態を伝えるのに使います。 SIP |
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メッセージの一部分のみを伝えることを可能にすることで、 |
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privacy や秘密性を侵害し得る情報を削除して保護出来ます。 |
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> This document does NOT provide a mechanism to segment a SIP message |
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into multiple pieces for separate transport and later reassemble. |
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The message/partial type defined in [2] provides a solution for that |
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problem. |
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[11] この文書は SIP |
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メッセージを複数の破片に分割して分割配送して後で際結合する仕組みは提供'''しません'''。 |
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>>2 で定義された [CODE[message/partial]] |
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型がこの問題の解法を提供しています。 |
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> The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", |
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"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMEND", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this |
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document are to be interpreted as described in [4]. |
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[12] |
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* 2. Definition: message/sipfrag |
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> A valid message/sipfrag part is one that could be obtained by |
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starting with some valid SIP message and deleting any of the |
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following: |
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[13] 妥当な [CODE[message/sipfrag]] [[部分]]は妥当な SIP |
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メッセージを用意して、次のいずれかを削除することで得られるものです。 |
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- the entire start line |
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- one or more entire header fields |
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- the body |
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- [14] [[開始行]]全体 |
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- [15] 1つ以上の[[実体頭欄]] |
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- [16] [[本体]] |
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> The following Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) [3] rule describes a |
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message/sipfrag part using the SIP grammar elements defined in [1]. |
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The expansion of any element is subject to the restrictions on valid |
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SIP messages defined there. |
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[17] 次に示す増補 Backus-Naur 法 ([[ABNF]]) 規則は >>1 |
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で定義された SIP 文法要素を使って [CODE[message/sipfrag]] |
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部分を説明したものです。 |
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各要素の拡張はそこで定義された妥当な SIP メッセージの制限の対象になります。 |
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- [18] sipfrag = [ start-line ] *message-header [ CRLF [ message-body ] ] |
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> If the message/sipfrag part contains a body, it MUST also contain the |
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appropriate header fields describing that body (such as |
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Content-Length) as required by Section 7.4 of [1] and the null-line |
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separating the header from the body. |
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[19] [CODE[message/sipfrag]] 部分が本体を含む場合、本体を説明した適切な頭欄 |
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(例えば [CODE[Content-Length]]) を >>1 |
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の7.4章が要求しているように含め'''なければなりません'''し、頭と本体を区切る空行を含め'''なければなりません'''。 |
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* 3. Examples |
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** 3.1 Valid message/sipfrag parts |
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> This section uses a vertical bar and a space to the left of each |
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example to illustrate the example's extent. Each line of the |
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message/sipfrag element begins with the first character after the "|" |
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pair. |
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[20] この章では例の範囲を説明するために垂直線と[[間隔]]を各例の左に入れています。 |
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[CODE[message/sipfrag]] 要素の各行は「|」組の後の最初の文字から始まります。 |
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> The first two examples show that a message/sipfrag part can consist |
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of only a start line. |
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[21] 最初の2つの例は [CODE[message/sipfrag]] |
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部分が開始行だけで構成できることを示します。 |
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[PRE[ |
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| INVITE sip:alice@atlanta.com SIP/2.0 |
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> or |
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| SIP/2.0 603 Declined |
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]PRE] |
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> The next two show that Subsets of a full SIP message may be |
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represented. |
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[22] 次の2つの例は完全な SIP メッセージの部分集合を表現できることを示します。 |
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[PRE[ |
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| REGISTER sip:atlanta.com SIP/2.0 |
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| To: sip:alice@atlanta.com |
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| Contact: <sip:alicepc@atlanta.com>;q=0.9, |
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| <sip:alicemobile@atlanta.com>;q=0.1 |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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| SIP/2.0 400 Bad Request |
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| Warning: 399 atlanta.com Your Event header field was malformed |
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]PRE] |
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> A message/sipfrag part does not have to contain a start line. This |
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example shows a part that might be signed to make assertions about a |
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particular message. (See [6].) |
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[23] [CODE[message/sipfrag]] 部分は開始行を持つ必要がありません。 |
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この例は特定メッセージについて断言するため署名されている部分を示します。 |
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[PRE[ |
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| From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.com> |
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| To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com> |
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| Contact: <sip:alice@pc33.atlanta.com> |
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| Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2002 13:02:03 GMT |
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| Call-ID: a84b4c76e66710 |
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| Cseq: 314159 INVITE |
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]PRE] |
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> The next two examples show message/sipfrag parts that contain bodies. |
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[24] 次の2つの例は [CODE[message/sipfrag]] |
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が本体を含められることを示します。 |
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[PRE[ |
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| SIP/2.0 200 OK |
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| Content-Type: application/sdp |
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| Content-Length: 247 |
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| |
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| v=0 |
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| o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 host.anywhere.com |
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| s= |
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| c=IN IP4 host.anywhere.com |
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| t=0 0 |
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| m=audio 49170 RTP/AVP 0 |
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| a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000 |
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| m=video 51372 RTP/AVP 31 |
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| a=rtpmap:31 H261/90000 |
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| m=video 53000 RTP/AVP 32 |
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| a=rtpmap:32 MPV/90000 |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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| Content-Type: text/plain |
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| Content-Length: 11 |
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| |
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| Hi There! |
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]PRE] |
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* 3.2 Invalid message/sipfrag parts |
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> This section uses the character "X" followed by a space to the left |
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of each example to illustrate the example's extent. Each line of the |
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invalid message/sipfrag element begins with the first character after |
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the "X " pair. |
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[25] この章では例の範囲を説明するために文字「X」と[[間隔]]を各例の左に入れています。 |
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不正な [CODE[message/sipfrag]] 要素の各行は「X」組の後の最初の文字から始まります。 |
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> The start line, if present, must be complete and valid per [1]. |
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[26] 開始行がある場合、完全で >>1 に照らして妥当でないといけません。 |
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[PRE[ |
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X INVITE |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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X INVITE sip:alice@atlanta.com SIP/1.09 |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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X SIP/2.0 |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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X 404 Not Found |
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]PRE] |
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> All header fields must be valid per [1]. |
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[27] 全ての頭欄は >>1 に照らして妥当でなければなりません。 |
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[PRE[ |
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X INVITE sip:alice@atlanta.com SIP/2.0 |
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X Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ;branch=z9hG4bK29342a |
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X To: <>;tag=39234 |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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X To: sip:alice@atlanta.com |
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X From: sip:bob@biloxi.com;tag=1992312 |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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X Call-ID: this is invalid |
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]PRE] |
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[PRE[ |
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X INVITE sip:alice@atlanta.com SIP/2.0 |
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X From: <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=z9hG4bK2912;tag=z9hG4bK99234 |
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]PRE] |
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> If a body is present in the message/sipfrag part, the headers |
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required by Section 7.4 of [1] and the null-line separating the |
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header from the body. |
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[28] 本体が [CODE[message/sipfrag]] 部分中にある場合、頭は >>1 |
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の7.4章により必須とされており、頭と本体を分ける空行も必要です。 |
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[PRE[ |
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X MESSAGE sip:alice@atlanta.com SIP/2.0 |
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X Hi There! |
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]PRE] |
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* 4. Discussion |
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> Section 23 of [1], and memos [5] and [6] provide motivation and |
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detailed examples of carrying all or part of a SIP message in a MIME |
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part. Briefly, using this representation along with S/MIME enables |
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protecting and making assertions about portions of a SIP message |
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header. It also enables applications to describe the messaging |
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involved in a SIP transaction using portions of the messages |
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themselves. |
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[29] >>1 の 23章とメモ >>5 及び >>6 は MIME 部分で SIP |
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メッセージの全部または一部を伝える動機及び詳細な例を提供しています。 |
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簡単に言えば、この表現を S/MIME と共に使うことで SIP |
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メッセージ頭の一部分について保護及び断言出来ます。 |
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またこれは応用がそのメッセージ自体を一部に使う SIP |
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通信中のメッセージを説明することを可能にします。 |
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> The SIP REFER method [5], for instance, uses this to report the |
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result of a SIP request to an authorized third party. However, as |
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that document details, it is rarely desirable to include the entire |
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SIP response message in this report as a message/sip MIME part. |
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Doing so has significant negative security implications. The |
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message/sipfrag type, on the other hand, allows a sender to select |
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what information is exposed. Further, it allows information required |
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in a full SIP message that is not pertinent to a description of that |
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message to be elided, reducing message size. For instance, this |
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allows a SIP element responding to a REFER to say "I got a 400 Bad |
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Request with this Warning header field" without having to include the |
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Via, To, From, Call-ID, CSeq and Content-Length header fields |
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mandatory in a full SIP message. |
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[30] 例えば SIP [CODE[REFERER]] 方式は認証された第三者への SIP |
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要求の結果を報告するためにこれを使います。 |
336 |
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しかし、この文書が説明するように、この報告には [CODE[message/sip]] |
337 |
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MIME 部分として SIP 応答全体が含まれるのが望ましいことは稀です。 |
338 |
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そうすることは重大な安全上の悪い含みを持ちます。他方で |
339 |
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[CODE[message/sipfrag]] 型は送信者にどの情報が開示されるかを選択することが出来ます。 |
340 |
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更に、完全な SIP |
341 |
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メッセージでは必要とされる情報でそのメッセージの説明には適当でないものをメッセージ長の削減のために省略できます。 |
342 |
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例えば、 [CODE[REFER]] に対応する SIP 要素で「私は 400 悪しき要求をこの |
343 |
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[CODE[Warning]] 頭欄と共に受け取りました」と言うことが、完全な SIP |
344 |
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メッセージで必須である Via, To, From, Call-ID, CSeq, Content-Length |
345 |
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各頭欄を含めること無しに出来ます。 |
346 |
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347 |
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> The message protection mechanism discussed in Section 23 of [1] |
348 |
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assumes an entire SIP message is being protected. However, there are |
349 |
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several header fields in a full SIP message that necessarily change |
350 |
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during transport. [1] discusses how to inspect and ignore those |
351 |
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changes. This idea is refined in [6] to allow protection of a subset |
352 |
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of the entire message, avoiding the extra work and potential errors |
353 |
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involved in ignoring parts of the message that may legitimately |
354 |
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|
change in transit. That document also describes constructing |
355 |
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|
cryptographic assertions about pertinent subsets of a SIP message |
356 |
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header before the full header (including hop-by-hop transport |
357 |
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specific information) may be available. |
358 |
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359 |
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[31] >>1 の23章で議論されているメッセージ保護の仕組みは SIP |
360 |
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メッセージ全体が保護されることを想定しています。しかし転送の過程で変更される必要がある頭欄が完全な |
361 |
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SIP メッセージには幾つかあります。 >>1 |
362 |
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はそうした変更をどう調べてどう無視するかを議論しています。 |
363 |
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この考え方は >>6 で洗練されていて、メッセージ全体の一部の保護を可能にしています。 |
364 |
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これによって転送において正当に変更され得るメッセージの部分を無視することに要する余計な作業とエラーの可能性を避けることが出来ます。 |
365 |
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この文書は完全な頭 (hop-by-hop 転送特有情報を含む。) |
366 |
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が利用可能になる以前に SIP |
367 |
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メッセージ頭の適切な部分について暗号断言を構築することも説明しています。 |
368 |
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369 |
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370 |
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* 5. IANA Considerations |
371 |
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372 |
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> The message/sipfrag media type is defined by the following |
373 |
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information: |
374 |
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|
375 |
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[32] [CODE[message/sipfrag]] 媒体型は次の情報のように定義します。 |
376 |
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377 |
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[PRE[ |
378 |
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Media type name: message |
379 |
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Media subtype name: sipfrag |
380 |
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Required parameters: none |
381 |
|
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Optional parameters: version |
382 |
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Version: The SIP-Version number of the enclosed message (e.g., |
383 |
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"2.0"). If not present, the version defaults to "2.0". |
384 |
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Encoding scheme: SIP messages consist of an 8-bit header optionally |
385 |
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followed by a binary MIME data object. As such, SIP messages must |
386 |
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|
be treated as binary. Under normal circumstances SIP messages are |
387 |
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|
transported over binary-capable transports, no special encodings |
388 |
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|
are needed. |
389 |
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Security considerations: see below |
390 |
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[33] |
391 |
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:媒体型名: [CODE[message]] |
392 |
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:媒体亜型名: [CODE[sipfrag]] |
393 |
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:必須パラメーター: なし |
394 |
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;省略可能パラメーター: [CODE[version]] [CODE[Version]]: 囲まれたメッセージの [CODE[SIP-VERSION]] 番号 (例えば [CODE(ABNF)["2.0"]])。存在しない場合版の既定値は [CODE(ABNF)["2.0"]]。 |
395 |
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:符号化方式: SIP メッセージは8ビット頭及び省略可能なバイナリ MIME データ物体で構成されます。通常の場合は SIP メッセージはバイナリ転送路上で転送しますから、特別な符号化は必要ありません。 |
396 |
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:安全性に関して: 下記参照。 |
397 |
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]PRE] |
398 |
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|
399 |
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|
400 |
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|
* 6. Security Considerations |
401 |
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|
402 |
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> A message/sipfrag mime-part may contain sensitive information or |
403 |
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|
information used to affect processing decisions at the receiver. |
404 |
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|
When exposing that information or modifying it during transport would |
405 |
|
|
do harm, its level of protection can be improved using the S/MIME |
406 |
|
|
mechanisms described in section 23 of [1], with the limitations |
407 |
|
|
described in section 26 of that document, and the mechanisms |
408 |
|
|
described in [6]. |
409 |
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|
410 |
|
|
[34] [CODE[message/sipfrag]] mime 部分は繊細な情報や受信者が処理決定に使う情報を含むかもしれません。 |
411 |
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|
転送の過程で情報を公開したり修正したりすることが害になる時は、 >>1 |
412 |
|
|
の23章で説明されている S/MIME とその文書の26章で説明されている制限及び |
413 |
|
|
>>6 で説明されている仕組みを使って保護の段階を上げることが出来ます。 |
414 |
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|
415 |
|
|
> Applications using message/sipfrag to represent a subset of the |
416 |
|
|
header fields from a SIP message must consider the implications of |
417 |
|
|
the message/sipfrag part being captured and replayed and include |
418 |
|
|
sufficient information to mitigate risk. Any SIP extension which |
419 |
|
|
uses message/sipfrag MUST describe the replay and cut and paste |
420 |
|
|
threats unique to its particular usage. For example, [6] discusses |
421 |
|
|
how a subset of a SIP message can be used to assert the identity of |
422 |
|
|
the entity making a SIP request. The draft details what information |
423 |
|
|
must be contained in the subset to bind the assertion to the request. |
424 |
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|
|
425 |
|
|
[35] SIP メッセージの頭欄の部分集合を表現するのに [CODE[message/sipfrag]] |
426 |
|
|
を使う応用は、記録・再生される [CODE[messag/sipfrag]] |
427 |
|
|
部分を含めるのを熟慮し、危険を和らげるために十分な情報を含めなければなりません。 |
428 |
|
|
[CODE[message/sipfrag]] を使用する SIP |
429 |
|
|
拡張はすべて、その特定の用法に固有の再生及び切り取り・貼り付けの脅威を説明し'''なければなりません'''。 |
430 |
|
|
例えば、 >>6 は SIP メッセージが SIP 要求を作る実体の識別を断言するのに |
431 |
|
|
SIP メッセージの部分集合をどう使用出来るかを議論しています。 |
432 |
|
|
この原案は要求への断言を束ねるためにどういう情報を部分集合に含めなければならないかを詳述しています。 |
433 |
|
|
|
434 |
|
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|
435 |
|
|
* Normative References |
436 |
|
|
|
437 |
|
|
[1] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston, A., |
438 |
|
|
Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M. and E. Schooler, "SIP: |
439 |
|
|
Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3265, June 2002. |
440 |
|
|
|
441 |
|
|
[2] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail |
442 |
|
|
Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", RFC 2046, November |
443 |
|
|
1996. |
444 |
|
|
|
445 |
|
|
[3] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax |
446 |
|
|
Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997. |
447 |
|
|
|
448 |
|
|
[4] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement |
449 |
|
|
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. |
450 |
|
|
|
451 |
|
|
|
452 |
|
|
* Non-Normative References |
453 |
|
|
|
454 |
|
|
[5] Sparks, R., "The SIP Refer Method", Work in Progress. |
455 |
|
|
|
456 |
|
|
[6] Peterson, J., "Enhancements for Authenticated Identity |
457 |
|
|
Management in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", Work in |
458 |
|
|
Progress. |
459 |
|
|
|
460 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
|
* Author's Address |
462 |
|
|
|
463 |
|
|
[PRE[ |
464 |
|
|
Robert J. Sparks |
465 |
|
|
dynamicsoft |
466 |
|
|
5100 Tennyson Parkway |
467 |
|
|
Suite 1200 |
468 |
|
|
Plano, TX 75024 |
469 |
|
|
]PRE] |
470 |
|
|
|
471 |
|
|
[PRE[ |
472 |
|
|
EMail: rsparks@dynamicsoft.com |
473 |
|
|
*Full Copyright Statement |
474 |
|
|
>Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved. |
475 |
|
|
]PRE] |
476 |
|
|
|
477 |
|
|
[INS[ |
478 |
|
|
|
479 |
|
|
[36] 注: 原文の著作権声明の全文及び訳文については、 [[RFCのライセンス]]を参照。 |
480 |
|
|
]INS] |
481 |
|
|
|
482 |
|
|
|
483 |
|
|
* Acknowledgement |
484 |
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
> Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the |
486 |
|
|
Internet Society. |
487 |
|
|
|
488 |
|
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|
489 |
|
|
* メモ |
490 |
|
|
|
491 |
|
|
[37] |
492 |
|
|
[CITE[RFC ERRATA]]
|
493 |
|
|
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/cgi-bin/errata.pl#rfc3420>
|
494 |
|
|
|
495 |
|
|
原文の頁見出しの文字の欠落が訂正されています。 |
496 |
|
|
([[名無しさん]] [sage]) |
497 |
|
|
|